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| Strike by UMWA in the coal fields of pennsylvania. The strike threatened to shut down the winter fuel supply to all major cities. President Theodore Roosevelt became involved and threatened to nationalize mines forcing owners to negotiate. The strike never resumed, as the miners received more pay for fewer hours. It was the first labor episode in which the federal government intervened as a neutral arbitrator. |
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- assist the integration of former slaves into Southern society
was established in the War Department by an act of March 3, 1865. The Bureau supervised all relief and educational activities relating to refugees and freedmen, including issuing rations, clothing and medicine. The Bureau also assumed custody of confiscated lands or property in the former Confederate States, border states, District of Columbia, and Indian Territory. The bureau records were created or maintained by bureau headquarters, the assistant commissioners and the state superintendents of education and included personnel records and a variety of standard reports concerning bureau programs and conditions in the states.
first US attempt at social Welfare
led to first black universities |
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| A new form of slavery in the South after slavery was abolished. Laws passed on the state and local level in the United States to limit the civil rights and civil liberties of African Americans. The codes were set to establish and control marriage, property ownership and labor among other things. Republicans fought back with the Civil Rights Act of 1866 and the 14th Amendment. However Johnson Didn't mind Black codes and vetoed both bills in 1866 but later ended up ratifying them in 1868 |
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1865 and 1877 to restructure the political, legal, and economic systems in the states that had seceded from the Union. The U.S. Civil War (1861–65) ended Slavery, but it left unanswered how the 11 Southern states would conduct their internal affairs after readmission to the Union. Though some legal protections for newly freed slaves were incorporated into the Constitution by the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments, by 1877, conservative Southern whites had reclaimed power and had begun to disenfranchise blacks.
-Blacks must be allowed to vote or southern states would lose seats in congress.
-Reconstruction was placed under military control. |
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prohibits each government in the United States from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's "race, color, or previous condition of servitude" (i.e., slavery). It was ratified on February 3, 1870.
Brought on by Plessy v. Ferguson
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| reference to businessmen and bankers who dominated their respective industries and amassed huge personal fortunes, typically as a direct result of pursuing various anti-competitive or unfair business practices. |
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1918 in Wilsons adress he presented 14 points that he would hope to gain from World War I
important
- diplomacy rather than secret treaties
- free trade
- free seas
- self determinations - every ethnic, racial and religious group has right to choose their own nation and govt.
- league of nations - collective security would ensure international stability
believed these points would be a lot better than Lenin's idea
-African Americans wanted a 15th point added to end racialism world wide and Wilson did not respond to that
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| seeks to expose corruption of businesses or government to the public. The term originates with writers of the Progressive movement within the United States who wanted to expose corruption and scandals in government and business. Muckrakers often wrote about the wretchedness of urban life and poverty, and against the established institutions of society, such as big business. |
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| Triangle Shirtwaist Company Fire |
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| The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire in New York City on March 25, 1911, was one of the largest industrial disasters in the history of the city of New York, causing the death of 146 garment workers who either died from the fire or jumped to their deaths. It was the worst workplace disaster in New York City until September 11, 2001. The fire led to legislation requiring improved factory safety standards and helped spur the growth of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union, which fought for better and safer working conditions for sweatshop workers in that industry. The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory was located inside the Asch Building, now known as the Brown Building of Science. It has been designated as a National Historic Landmark and a New York City landmark.[1] |
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- believed in constant struggle for civil rights
- believed education was criticle
- was for social justice |
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-international Harverster
-Scotish
-Vertically integrated steel company (controlled all aspects)
- by 1890's dominated steel company
-was a Scottish-American industrialist, businessman, entrepreneur and a major philanthropist.
-Carnegie gave away most of his money to establish many libraries, schools, and universities in America, the United Kingdom and other countries, as well as a pension fund for former employees.
-e founded the Carnegie Steel Company, a step which cemented his name as one of the “Captains of Industry”. By the 1890s, the company was the largest and most profitable industrial enterprise in the world. Carnegie sold it to J.P. Morgan in 1901, who created U.S. Steel.
- believes in wealth but knows their responsibility |
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- 1890
- requires the United States Federal government to investigate and pursue trusts, companies and organizations suspected of violating the Act. It was the first Federal statute to limit cartels and monopolies, and today still forms the basis for most antitrust litigation by the United States federal government. However, for the most part, politicians were unwilling to enforce this law until Teddy Roosevelt's Presidency
- wasn't really enforced
-beginning of progressive movement |
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- an American union leader, one of the founding members of the International Labor Union and the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), as well as candidate for President of the United States as a member of the Social Democratic Party in 1900, and later as a member of the Socialist Party of America in 1904, 1908, 1912, and 1920.[1] Through his presidential candidacies as well as his work with labor movements, Debs would eventually become one of the best-known socialists in the United States.
-Debs was instrumental in the founding of the American Railway Union, the nation's first industrial union.
-Debs was imprisoned once more after being arrested and convicted under the Espionage Act of 1917 during the First Red Scare for speaking against American involvement in World War I. He was later pardoned by President Warren G. Harding, |
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- formally State v. Scopes
-an American legal case that tested the Butler Act which made it unlawful "to teach any theory that denies the story of the Divine Creation of man as taught in the Bible, and to teach instead that man has descended from a lower order of animals" in any Tennessee state-funded school and university.
The Butler Act was a 1925 Tennessee law forbidding public school teachers from denying the Biblical account of man’s origin. |
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-1898
- Ostensibly fought over the issue of Cuban independence, the short four-month war developed into a global conflict as the US Navy sought to dislodge Spain from longstanding colonial outposts in both the Caribbean and the South Pacific.
- US warned Spain that Cuba needed to get stabilized
- Cuba blew up as a US ship "the Maine," which became a catalyst for war
- To hell with Spain! |
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-were Italian immigrants who were accused and convicted of murdering two men during a 1920 armed robbery in Massachusetts. After a controversial trial and a series of appeals, the men were executed on August 23, 1927.
The case is controversial along two separate but related lines:
Culpability: Regardless of the verdicts, were the men actually guilty?
Conformance: Regardless of guilt, were the trials fair?
The Sacco and Vanzetti case was -- and is -- highly politicized. |
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| - everyone regardless of race, color or previous action of servatude was entitled to same treatment in public accomadations - conveyances on land or water, theater and other places or public amusement. Charles Sumner and Ben Butler Passed on March 1, 1875 |
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| Seperate but equal in state |
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| Aftermath of Spanish-American the Phillipines. Disagreed with imperialist thoughts on economic, legal and moral grounds, according to Wikipedia. Democracy does not equal empire. |
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