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history Midterm Vocab
Midterm vocab-Tameira
62
History
9th Grade
12/17/2009

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Term
cotton gin
Definition
machine that de-seeds 50X more cotton/day, increases slave trade
Term
american system
Definition
pre-civil war plan to strengthen economy by tariffs, national bank, transportation
Term
andrew jackson
Definition
president 1829-37, democrat, war hero, trans-us transportation, national bank, henry clay
Term
treaty of paris
Definition
1783 kicks brits out, they stay in ohio river valley, causes the war of 1812
Term
federalist
Definition
support balance of power, the constitution is right
Term
tariff of 1816
Definition
protective tariff, taxed euro imports
Term
uncle toms cabin(book)
Definition
fictional stroy about slavery, harriet beecher stow, outsold the bible
Term
missourri compromise
Definition
missourri wanted to become state free state, offets balance free vs. slave, maine becomes free state, missouri becomes slave,
36 line-everything south=slavery legal
Term
alexander hamilton
Definition
wants to pay off 10 mill debt to foreign, 40 mill debt to american people
sec. of treasury to washinton
american back for taxes
creates us mint=national currency
Term
nationalism
Definition
dedication to one's country
Term
monroe doctrine
Definition
monroe warned all euros to stay out of western affairs, us would not involve itself in euro affairs
Term
mercantilism
Definition
economic system, nations obtain lrg. amounts of gold and silver and balance of trade
Term
triangular trade
Definition
transatlantic trade england(rum and goods) to new england trades with africa for slaves
Term
navigation acts
Definition
series of laws by parliment, tightens brit control in colonies. no trade unless in brit or colonial ships. all trade to euro, must pass through english port
Term
boston tea party
Definition
1773, bostons rebels diguised as indians dump 18,000 lbs of tea into harbor
Term
proclamtion of 1763
Definition
colonists won't settle beyond appalachian mys
Term
plantation
Definition
Large farms in the south
Term
populism
Definition
political movement, wanted graduated income tax, federal loan program, increase in money supply, senators elected by popular vote, president 1 term, secret ballot
Term
george washington
Definition
father of the country, 1st president, sets standard for all to come, led 2400 soliders across deleware river to defeat the brits
Term
morrill act
Definition
laws that create agricultural colleges by giving federal land to the state
Term
frontier
Definition
a wilderness at the edge of a settled area of a country
Term
emancipation proclamation
Definition
Spoke by lincoln, freed all slaves, turned civil war into moral war
Term
thomas jefferson
Definition
president, 1800 election caused 12th amendment, bought the louisiana purchase
Term
fugitive slave act
Definition
created in exchange of cali as free state, escaping slaves sent back to masters, blacks or white helping-jail or fines
Term
robert e. lee
Definition
general of the confederacy
Term
gettysburg
Definition
non-intended battle, open field, straight shooting(stand in a line and die) south runs out of people to fight, north wins, south never recoups
Term
ft. sumpter
Definition
first fort to fall to south, charelston harbor
Term
abraham lincoln
Definition
republican candidate in the 1858 race, congressman, president for war, assasinated
Term
black codes
Definition
laws passed in south states
no marriage
no drinking alcohol
no weapons
no traveling w/o permit
Term
alien and sedition acts
Definition
illegal to speak out againt the president, harder to become a citizen (14 yrs, not 5 yrs), jailed or deported at any time
Term
nullification
Definition
if a state thinks a law is unconstitutional, they don't have to follow it.
Term
freedman's bureau
Definition
established by congress to help newely freed slaves, provided food, clothes, hospitals, legal representation, education
Term
3/5 compromise
Definition
states may count 3/5 of their slave population towards the total population, house of reps
Term
the grange
Definition
political party take down railroad
Term
greenbacks
Definition
money printed during war, no value
Term
democratic-republicans
Definition
political party, known for its support of strong state govs, founded by thomas jefferson
Term
popular sovereignty
Definition
the right to vote against slavery
Term
trail of tears
Definition
cherokee forced to march 800 miles to reservation, 25% died
Term
worchester vs. georgia
Definition
cherokee vs georgia, supreme court ruled against georgia, jackson overuled decision
Term
louisiana purchase
Definition
jefferson purchase from france(napolean), $15 double size if US
Term
election of 1824
Definition
jackson vs. adams(win), tore apart the demo-republic party, national republican party and democratic party created
Term
john c. calhoun
Definition
convinced congress of tariff of 1816
Term
free soil party
Definition
opposed extension of slavery into new territory
Term
manifest destiny
Definition
19th century belief, US to pacific, into mexico
Term
king george III
Definition
king of great britain
Term
homestead act
Definition
160 acres for free, have to stay on for 5 yrs
Term
dawes act
Definition
americanize the indians, broke up reservations, 160 acres to family, 80 to single, rest of land sold
Term
william jennings bryan
Definition
spoke the cross of gold speech at the democratic convention, 1896
Term
sand creek massacre
Definition
massacre by chivington, 150 cheyanne indians kiled, mostly women and kids
Term
frederick jackson turner
Definition
wrote the "signifigance of the frontier in american history"gave frontier credit in shaping american society
Term
bimetallism
Definition
use of gold and silver as base of money system
Term
chester a. arthur
Definition
3 point plan to americanize the indians-equal protection under law, land allotment, schools
Term
articles of conferderation
Definition
1st constitution follows, too man problems, forefathers meet to draft constitution
-nat'l gov has little power, congress could not collect taxes, 1 rep for each state regardless of size, no court system, no exec branch, states lack nationality, 9/13 states must agree to pass
Term
deal of 1876
Definition
dems accept repub as president, reconstruction has to end
Term
confederate
Definition
united in an alliance or conspiracy
Term
ulysses s. grant
Definition
union general, feels it is all the souths fault, they have to pay
Term
appomattox
Definition
lee surrenders
Term
jefferson davis
Definition
confederate president
Term
10% plan
Definition
lincolns plan, 10% of the registered voting population must swear alliance to the union
Term
andrew jackson
Definition
white supremist, vice-president to lincoln, hates blacks, hates white plnatation owners, realizes if whites lose power, the black gain power=BAD
Term
war of 1812
Definition
against britain, impressement of american citizens, birtish canadians supplying arms to native americans, led to end of federalist party, encouraged growth of american industry, confirmed US as free and independent
Term
XYZ affair
Definition
france vs. britain; france attacks american trade ships to britain. they send us 3 people w/no power. leads to alien and sedition acts
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