Term
| How is Humanism different from medieval culture? |
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Definition
| Humanism is different because people were not denying religion but emphaized new human values. They embrace the world instead of just embracing their religion. In the middles ages people were expected to go to a chruch, papcy, and a monasticism. They were expected to devote themself to one god. Humanism allowed the society to become more self centered. |
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Term
| Why were cities so important? |
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Definition
| Cities were so important during the Renaissance because they R society made the cities oriented not manner. They also were important because the cities became powerful and became centeralization. It was a move from feudalism in the towns. |
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Term
| Examples of Renaissance cities |
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Definition
Florence was one of the main cities that was an example of the Renaissance . It was the one that was most highly viewed. It was also self-governed, independent city-state. It was the model of cities because of its wool industry.
Venice was a good city because it was located on the sea. The sea gave them an advantage because it was away from attacks. It also gave them a mjor commerical trade on the Med. with the Arabs.
Milan: Because it controlled trade with italy and germany.
Genoa because it had power over med. Christopher columbus came from here.
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Term
| Examples of Renaissance writers, sculptors, painters, and archiects. What were their principle works? |
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Definition
Dante- He wrote everything in Vernacular Italian, and he proved that you could write a book in vernacular.His first important work was the divine comedy. Dante also took a humanistic approach.
Petrarch- He lived to be 70 years old, he wrote sonance to the love of his life laura. The sonance was one of his mjaor works that he is remembered for. He wrote in italian and was very humanistic. He was fascianted by the ancient roman politician name Cicero. He wanted to be a writer but there was no money for being a writer because you couldnt mass produce it. He became a patron of the church so he could write.
Boccaccio- He worked as a merchant and in his spare time he would write. His most famour work was the decameron that he wrote when the black death was going around.
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Term
| major characteristics of the Renaissance art |
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Definition
1)Realism and Expression
2)Perspective
3)Classicism
4)Emphasis on Individualism
5)Geometrical Arrangement of Figures
6)Light & Shadowing/Softening Edges
7)Artists as Personalities/Celebrities |
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Term
| Erasmus: Who what Where significance |
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Definition
Who: He was a writer during the Renaissance period.
What did he do: In his writing he emphaized christian vitues and mortality, people who be respected and treated well, Warfar should be used as a last choice ( be humane). He was also very critizing of the christian church as a loving son to the church. He wanted to make religion corrupt free. He came the most outstanding latin scholar.
Where? He was born and originally from the netherlands.
Sig? He was the first person to make money by writing books. |
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Term
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Definition
What was it: The black death was a plague that took over most of the population in many of places.
What did it do: It was a disease that was spread through the fleas in black rats that would bite a human and give them huge bulb like sores. They would only live about 3-5 days after they got bite but with severe pain.
Who did it affect: It affected the people of the communities and places in which it was in. It caused over 1/2 of the clergy to die. It was mostly because hygiene lacked.
Where? The black death was mostly in italy, europe, and england.
Significance? The significance of this was that alot of writters wrote about this in stories and made stories up about it. It also caused people to become more hygienic about themselves and their surroundings. |
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Term
| What happened and whatwere the results of the black death? |
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Definition
| The black death was a disease from the black rats that had fleas. The fleas would bite the humans and then infect them with the disease. This caused the humans to only live about 3-5 days in severe pain until they passed away. The result was that almost half of the clergy ended up dying but many writers like Boccaccio got to write stories about it that became very popular. |
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Definition
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| Why was gutenberg so important? |
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Definition
| Gutenberg was important because he created and invented a moveable printing press that allowed people to publish their books faster so it could be a high demand thing. It allowed people to start to make money off of them because they could make multiple copies in less time and give them out. |
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Definition
Thomas More was a lawyer, but he hated it. However he became one of the most outstanding lawyers that there was. He was elected as a house of commence ( MP) and became the leader of the house.
Sig? He was freshly elected and usually its the older people within the commence that recieve the title of speaker of the house. His famous work is called Utopia, it was the idea of toleration and he created a mythical society. He also was one of the first to stay that male and female were equal their was no difference between them. |
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Definition
Who was he? He was a man that really had no nobel background, his father was a businessmen. His father wanted him to become a lawyer. He hated law but he became a lawyer and in fact became one of the most oustanding lawyers.
What did he do? He was elected house of commence as the first speaker of the house. His most famous work was the idea of toleration that created a mythical society, it was called Utopia.
Where? He was born in London.
Significance? He was the first person to say that men and women were equal and that there were no differences between them. Thomas was executed by henry the 8th because he believed in the Catholic Faith and would not convert to the Anglican Faith.
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Who was he? He was French Renaissance writer, a Franciscan monk, humanist, and physician.
What did he do? He wrote two novels Gargantua and Pantagruel. He was very interested and was very willing to make fun of aspects of society.
Where? Rabelais was born and he lived in France
Significance? He was somebody who made the world a more thoughtful place, and was one of the only people to make fun of society in different ways. |
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Term
| destruction of religious unity in europe. Philip the fair and Boniface VIII? |
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Definition
Who were they? Philip was the king of france, and boniface was the pope of the Roman catholics in Rome.
What did they do? Philip and the pope did not get along and they had a contoversy that wars cost money and that it wasn't right. Philip then had Boniface arrested and became a new election of a pope with the background of french. So they elected new ones of the french background and for 72 years popes then lived in avignon. |
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Term
| What was the avignon papcy? ( babylonian capitivity of the papacy) |
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Definition
| It is known as the time period where the popes were absent from Rome. It was important because in this time the city of Rome was going down hill and just slowly decreasing. |
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Term
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Definition
What was it? It was a split within the Catholic Church from 1378 to 1417.
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Term
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Definition
Who was he? He was man that protested religious movements against the pope.
What did he do? He protested religious movements against the pope.
Where? He did this in bohemia where he lived.
Significance? He was one of the reasons that made the counsil of pisa worry about him because of his protesting within the religious movement. |
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Term
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Definition
What was it? It was a counsil that made the decision to solve the problem with the popes.
Who did it affect? It affected the popes that were the main source of the problem.
Where? around the area's where the popes were, Rome.
Sig? This caused an even bigger problem because instead of 2 popes there were now 3. |
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Term
| Identify Council of constance |
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Definition
What was it? It was a counsil that decisded to deal with the problems of the 3 popes thinking that they were all popes.
Who did it affect? it affected the popes mostly because the counsil of constance had to get rid of them,
Where? Rome because they were elected by the Roman catholic church to solve the issue.
sig? They fixed the problem by the Roman pope died, the french pope resigned and the pias pope was bribed. They then elected martin V to become pope. |
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Definition
Who was he? He was a businessmen and wanted to ensure family success. He was originally sent to be a lawyer. When he was caught in a storm he vowed he would becaome a monk.
WHat did he do? He thought the christian church had corruption. He thought the techniques were incorrect He argued and devated the indulgence. He then put these into statements known as the 95 theses.
Sig? From the 95 theses he was asked to go to germany and speak with the emperor. When he went it was known as the diet of worms. |
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Definition
Who was he? He was a man who wrote a short book. He wrote instead following power based.
What did he do? He wrote a book called the prince manual for rulers. This book was aguide to tell people how to stay power based and how to show people to fear you set examples, but not to many.
Where? italy because he was an italian historian.
Sig? He was the first to be known to be considered power based instead of what the regular society was. |
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Peter Abelard (1079-1142) was a French philosopher, considered one
of the greatest thinkers of the 12th century. Among his works is "Sic et Non," a list of 158 philosophical and theological question
Heloise (1101-1164) was the niece and pride of Canon Fulbert.
She was well-educated by her uncle in Paris.
Wishing to become acquainted with Heloise, Abelard persuaded Fulbert to allow him to teach Heloise. Using the pretext that his own house was a "handicap" to his studies, Abelard further moved in to the house of Heloise and her uncle. She was supposedly a great beauty, one of the most well-educated women of her time; so, perhaps it's not surprising that Abelard and she became lovers. Also, she was more than 20 years younger than Abelard... And, of course, Fulbert discovered their love, as Abelard would later write: "Oh, how great was the uncle's grief when he learned the truth, and how bitter was the sorrow of the lovers when we were forced to part!"
They were separated, but that didn't end the affair. Instead, they discovered that Heloise was pregnant... She left her uncle's house when he was not at home; and she stayed with Abelard's sister until Astrolabe was born.
They then snuck into where he was staying and cut off his parts.
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Term
| typical manorial village: |
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Definition
| A manor was the district over which a lord had domain and could exercise certain rights and privileges in medieval England. A typical manor would include a Manor House which was built apart from the village where the peasants lived. at least one manor; great nobles might have several manors, usually scattered throughout the country; and even the king depended on his many manors for the food supply of the court. England, during the period following the Norman Conquest, contained more than nine thousand of these manorial estates. Another name given to this land was a Fief. A fief was the land held by a vassal of a lord in return for stipulated services, chiefly military. |
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Definition
| Manorial monopolies are a specific set of rights that are derived from that fact that the manorial lord owns the manor, and so controls everything that happens there. So any activity is happening on the lord's land, and so requires his approval. |
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