Term
| Who believed that in an ideal society the government should be controlled by a class of “philosopher kings”? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What feature of modern Western democratic government reflects Aristotle’s views? |
|
Definition
| the requirement that government actions must adhere to the law |
|
|
Term
| What is a concept from classical Athens that is central to Western political thought today? |
|
Definition
| Individual achievement, dignity, and worth are of great importance. |
|
|
Term
| What demonstrated that popular protest would play a role int he French Reovlution? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
In the mid-1700s, how did trade contribute to
the early growth of an industrial economy in Great Britain? |
|
Definition
| It gave British entrepreneurs the capital needed to open new factories. |
|
|
Term
The American Civil War decreased Europe’s
supply of cotton from the American South. What did the Europeans do to maintain the flow of this natural resource for their textile industries? |
|
Definition
| European factory owners turned to Egypt and India as new sources of cotton. |
|
|
Term
What late-eighteenth-century European artistic
movement arose as a reaction against
Classicism’s emphasis on reason? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The social criticism of Charles Dickens’s
novels Hard Times and David Copperfi eld was a response to conditions brought about by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| At the end of the 1800s, colonies were generally seen as a |
|
Definition
| sign of a country’s relative power. |
|
|
Term
Economically, what enabled Japan to become a
colonial power after 1894? |
|
Definition
| Industrialization allowed Japan to expend resources on military and colonial expansion |
|
|
Term
In 1900, anti-foreign sentiment in China led to
an uprising known as the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The collapse of the last Chinese Empire in 1912
was caused by the imperial government’s
failure to |
|
Definition
| control foreign influence |
|
|
Term
According to some historians, Europe’s
system of alliances prior to 1914 increased the likelihood that |
|
Definition
| small disputes would develop into large-scale wars. |
|
|
Term
During World War I, U.S. propaganda posters
often portrayed German soldiers as |
|
Definition
| violators of human rights. |
|
|
Term
Great Britain’s stated reason for declaring war
on Germany in 1914 was the |
|
Definition
| German invasion of Belgium |
|
|
Term
Why did most of the combat on the Western
Front in World War I take place in a relatively small area? |
|
Definition
| The armies became immobile because of trench warfare. |
|
|
Term
The Schlieffen Plan was designed by the
German military to |
|
Definition
| avoid the problem of fighting Allied powers on two fronts. |
|
|
Term
How did Russia’s participation in World War I
affect its empire? |
|
Definition
| Economic hardships brought on by the war resulted in the downfall of the czar. |
|
|
Term
| What most affected the course and outcome of WWI? |
|
Definition
| American military and financial intervention in the war |
|
|
Term
A major goal of France and Great Britain at
the Conference of Versailles following World War I was to |
|
Definition
| keep Germany from rebuilding its military forces. |
|
|
Term
What aim did Italian leader Vittorio Orlando
have during the creation of the Treaty of
Versailles? |
|
Definition
| to gain territory from Austria-Hungary |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a diplomatic agreement between Austria and France signed on 1 May 1756 at Versailles Palace in which the two states offered each other mutual assistance if attacked by other powers |
|
|
Term
What basic idea was shared by both Britain and
France at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919? |
|
Definition
| German military power should be permanently restricted. |
|
|
Term
The collapse of the Russian and Austro-
Hungarian empires during World War I contributed directly to the |
|
Definition
| creation of new nations in Eastern Europe. |
|
|
Term
How did the Cheka (secret police) help Lenin
gain control of Russia? |
|
Definition
They used terror tactics against the enemies
of Bolshevism. |
|
|
Term
Lenin hoped that the Russian Revolution of
1917 would |
|
Definition
| incite similar socialist rebellions throughout Europe. |
|
|
Term
In the struggle to gain control of the Soviet
Union in the 1920s, Stalin’s chief political rival was |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Both the Italian Fascists and the German Nazis
gained power partly because they |
|
Definition
| used terror tactics against political opponents |
|
|
Term
Which nation sought to establish the Greater
East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere between 1931 and 1945? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Following the United States’ entry into World
War II, American and British leaders decided
that their highest priority would be to |
|
Definition
| invade Europe and defeat Germany. |
|
|
Term
One major purpose of the Yalta Conference in
1945 was to decide |
|
Definition
| how to restructure Europe after the war. |
|
|
Term
| Early in World War II, Allied leaders decided that the enemy they had to defeat fi rst was |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The economic recovery of Japan following
World War II focused primarily on |
|
Definition
| developing industry and an export economy |
|
|
Term
| What was one outcome of World War II? |
|
Definition
| The Soviet Union emerged as an international superpower. |
|
|
Term
U.S. intervention in Vietnam came as a result of
the Cold War policy of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What was one major goal of the Soviet Union
during the early years of the Cold War? |
|
Definition
| to create a defensive buffer zone in Eastern Europe |
|
|
Term
When the United States sent military aid
to African governments to help them resist communism, it was continuing a foreign policy first asserted in the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What crisis brought the Soviet Union and the
United States to the brink of nuclear war in
1962? |
|
Definition
| the installation in Cuba of Soviet offensive intermediate-range missiles |
|
|
Term
The Soviet Union dealt with uprisings in
Poland, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia during
the 1950s and 1960s by |
|
Definition
| crushing the uprisings with military force. |
|
|
Term
The Arab oil embargo against the United States
in 1973 was initiated because of U.S. support for |
|
Definition
| Israel in the Yom Kippur War. |
|
|
Term
| NATO was created in order to |
|
Definition
create a unified military defense between the
U.S. and Western Europe. |
|
|
Term
| Which factors have made the Middle East significant to the rest of the world? |
|
Definition
| Religious and ethnic conflict; Existence of vast oil reserves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| •A form of democracy in which political power is exercised by the citizens without representatives acting of their behalf. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a form of government whose head of state is not a monarch |
|
|
Term
| What do Greco-Roman and Judeo-Christian government beliefs share? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was one means by which Greco- Roman and Judeo-Christian values spread throughout Europe in the first centuries A.D.? |
|
Definition
| The spread of the Roman Empire was one means by which Greco-Roman and Judeo-Christian values were dispersed. |
|
|
Term
| What did "tyrant" mean in Greece? |
|
Definition
| any leader who took over a government |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a political concept in which a group of members are bound together by covenant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sovereignty of the people is the belief that the legitimacy of the state is created by the will or consent of its people |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| By the late 19th century, this area in England had become one of the most intensely industrialised in the nation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| •negotiation between an employer and trade union |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom to limit the number of hours worked by women and children first in the textile industry, then later in all industries. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an organization of employees formed to bargain with the employer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| •stop work in order to press demands |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a person who has possession of a new enterprise, venture or idea and assumes significant accountability for the inherent risks and the outcome. They obtain money from lenders and investors. They use the money to obtain necessary resources. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| •an economic system based on private ownership of capital |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| •The belief in a system for an ideal society |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
•a political theory advocating state ownership of industry
(More equality for the workers, than owners, unlike capitalism) |
|
|
