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| __________ and __________ are two epic poems that classical Greeks used for their past and to define what was ideal Greek characteristics called Arete. |
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| The first Greek civilization was the ______________ that most likely destroyed the civilization on Crete and discovered by Heinrich Schliemann . |
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What was not a part of Arete?
• Excellence through honor
• Courage in battle
• Protecting one's family and friends
• Anger and strength |
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| _____________ and _____________ are the two peninsulas that make up Greece. |
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| During the Bronze Age, a non-Greek civilization was founded on the island of Crete called the ___________ named for their king and discovered by Sir Arther Evans. |
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| We know most about the Dark Ages because _________ who wrote epic poems. |
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| During the Dark Ages, many left the mainland and settled in western Asia Minor in an area known as ________. |
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| Geographically Greece is 80% ______________ and no place lies more than 60 miles from the coast which influences their development into seafarers. |
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Spartan society was a _______________ or a rule of a few.
Tyrrany
• Archon
• Oligarchy
• Democracy |
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| One big change in fighting for the Greeks was the use of infantry called _____________ (named for the shields) and the ____________ which is mastered by the Spartans. |
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| After a long list of tyrants in Athens, __________ came to be the archon and gets rid of Draco's harsh laws, frees poor from debt, makes the aristocracy happy by not taking everything, and wants people to focus on trade so they aren't tied to the land. |
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| ______________ was a way to check power of ambitious people in Athens by having a vote to make someone leave for 10 years (still kept their stuff though). |
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| Sparta was not all super awesome as we see in "300" and often lost. After they won a couple of times, they knew they couldn't beat both a foreign enemy and the __________ or captured/slaves that outnumbered them 10:1. |
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| In Sparta there are 5 _________ (overseers) who were responsible for educating the youth and the conduct of all citizens. |
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| One key trade area for the Greeks was the colony on the Bosporus and Hellespont Straits called _____________ (now Istanbul). |
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| For the Greeks there are two places that they met most often, the ______ or highest point in the city used for temples and a fortified location if invaded and the ________ or marketplace. |
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| The Greeks, specifically Athens, first get the attention of the Persians when they aid in the ___________ __________ which resulted in the burning of the city of Sardis beginning the Persian War |
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| Darius responded to the Athenians aid in Asia Minor with an attack at _____________ (roughly 26.2 miles from Athens) where the Athenians, unaided by the Spartans, had 'victory' over the Persians. |
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| __________ was the Spartan leader and __________ was the Athenian leader in the Persian War. |
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| The Age of __________ was a time following the Persian War that expanded the Athenian Empire and creates direct democracy. |
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| Fighting between the Greeks, namely Sparta and Athens, was known as the _________________ War (spell the best you can) that eventually ended in the Spartans winning and the weakening of the city states. |
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| Though movies exaggerate it, the battle of _____________ (spell the best you can) did consisted of 300 Spartans but also thousands of other Greeks defending the mountain pass against the Persians. |
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Using analysis of the battles (land and sea) of the Persian War, what would be the overall key reason the Greeks were able to stop the much larger Persian army?
• The Greeks were fighting a defensive war and picked key defensive places to fight.
• The Greeks were better trained (especially the Spartans) and a better navy.
• Mel Gibson gave a great speech about FREEDOM before every battle.
• The Greeks were fighting for democracy and a better way of life so they had more to fight for. |
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| The Greeks were fighting a defensive war and picked key defensive places to fight. |
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| After Darius's death, his son, ____________, swears revenge on the Greeks and amasses a huge army and navy to conquer the Greeks. |
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Where is the last battle of the Persian War where the Greeks win the war?
• Platae
• Hellespont
• Salamis
• Thebes |
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| Athens became the leader of the Greeks after the Persian War by creating a defensive alliance against the Persians called the ________ ___________ named for the island it was headquartered on. |
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| As the Greek city-states were fighting each other, a Macedonian named ___________ II was growing stronger and eventually united all the Greeks in order to fight the Persians. |
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| Alexander the Great did many things in his reign. The most important for culture would be the spread of Greek culture through imitation called the __________________ Age. |
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| Estimated the Earth was round and its circumference w/in 185 miles |
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| Invented the screw, calculated pi, specific gravity |
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| Happiness was the only true good- avoid drama, find friendship |
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| Not wanting more than needed and mastering your desires would lead to being morally good |
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| Place to learn the will of the gods through priestesses and priest- puzzling and vague |
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| Wrote Orestia and Prometheus Bound |
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| Wrote Oedipus Rex about destiny |
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| 1st Realist- protrayed war as horrible and questioned tradition |
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| Wrote about the Persian War and seen as the 1st historian though often elaborated facts |
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| Wrote about the Peloponnesian War and emphasized accuracy over story telling |
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| Mathematician, said the universe was explain through music and numbers |
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| Professional teachers, taught speaking and debate |
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| Developed a method to get people to examine their knowledge and life, embarrassed many, was sentenced to death, comitted suicide |
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| Wrote The Republic which focused on a just government, wrote down Socrates's ideas |
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| Wrote Politics, focused on the best kind of government not the perfect; believed we need happiness through virtues |
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