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| immigrants who came to the United States BEFORE the 1880s (they were mostly from Great Britain, Germany, Ireland, and Scandinavia. |
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| immigrants who came to the United States AFTER 1880 (mostly from eastern Europe and southern Europe -- Czechs, Greeks, Hungarians, Italians, Poles, Russians, adn Slovaks) |
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| a cramped area (in a boat) where poor passengers would stay -- it was in the lower deck of the boat |
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| apartments that were poorly built and crowded -- poor people lived in tenements because that was all they could afford |
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| organizations that helped immigrants in cases of sickness, unemployment, or death. |
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| people who were born in the United States who didn't really like immigrants and thought that immigrants would hurt the American society |
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| public transportation (caused less traffic in the cities) |
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| neighborhoods that surrounded the cities |
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| giant retail shops that sold a lot of different items (a one-stop shop); low prices and convenience |
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| houses that were located in poor neighborhoods -- people who worked their would help people with education and social activities. |
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| leisure and cultural activities (many people had enjoyed activities like world fairs, amusement parks, and thrill rides) |
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| a machine that typed (this machine made print newspapers and other printed materials so much easier) |
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realistic stories (like The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain) |
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| A company that raises money by selling stock |
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| A person who donates money to charity |
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| Someone who starts a business |
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| The economic system in which private businesses run most Industries |
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| Guarantees an inventor all profits from an invention |
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| Group formed to improve wages and working conditions |
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| The nation’s biggest business in the years immediately following the Civil War |
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| Increased the nation’s steel output by 10 times! |
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| Business that is free from government involvement |
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| The 1912 election where the Bull Moose Party, led by Theodore Roosevelt, tried to gain the White House, only to split the Republican party and give Wilson the presidency. |
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