Term
SR-1
Why did America need "Great Awakening"? |
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Definition
| As the colonies grew and prospered their love for God declined and they began to reject that which made them great. |
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Term
SR-1
How did the requirement of church membership for political participation in New England lead to spiritual decline? |
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Definition
| Many churches adopted the Half-way Covenant, an agreement to grant membership to unconverted descendants of church members. Instead of the church changing sinners, sinners were changing the church. |
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Term
SR-1
What were the revivals called in Britain? in America? |
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Definition
| Methodist Revival; Great Awakening |
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Term
SR-1
Besides his famous sermon, what was Jonathon Edwards remembered for? |
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Definition
| As colonial America's foremost theologian and as one of the greatest intellects our nation has ever produced. |
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Term
SR-1
Why did George Whitfield begin preaching outdoors? |
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Definition
| Because many ministers disapproved of his evangelistic messages and barred him from their churches. |
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Term
SR-1
What were the results of the Great Awakening? |
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Definition
1) thousands of sinners were converted
2) countless believers were revived
3) scores of new churches were founded |
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Term
SR-1
What did the Indians say about David Brainerd? |
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Definition
| "[Him] not only talk Jesus all the time. Him live Jesus all the time." |
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Term
SR-1
Which colleges were a direct result of the Great Awakening? Which one developed as a mission school for Indians? |
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Definition
| Princeton, Brown, Rutgers and Dartmouth. Dartmouth was an outgrowth of a mission school for the Indians. |
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Term
SR-1
Explain how the Great Awakening influenced education, religious freedom, and political freedom. |
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Definition
1) helped people to see that Christ must be received by the individual and churches function best when they are kept free from government support and regulation
2) helped to hasten the development of political freedom
3) did much to spur education, four colleges grew out of the revival and supplied many ministers for the churches of New England |
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Term
SR-1
John and Charles Wesley |
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Definition
| organized the Methodist denomination during the Methodist Revival in Britain |
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Term
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Definition
| revival on a national level |
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Term
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Definition
| preached the most famous sermon in American history, "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God" and is also remembered as a great theologian andone of the greatest intellects America has ever produced |
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Term
SR-1
"Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God" |
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Definition
| most famous sermon in American history preached by Jonathan Edwards |
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Term
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Definition
| Is remembered as the most powerful voice of the Great Awakening. Had to preach outdoors when many ministers disapproved of his evangelistic messages and barred him from their churches. |
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Term
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Definition
| best-known missionary to the Indians |
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Term
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Definition
| first black woman poet in America |
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Term
SR-2
Between 1689 and 1763, what four wars were fought between Britain and France? How was the fourth war different? |
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Definition
| King William's War, Queen Anne's War, King George's War and French and Indian War; it started in America and spread to Europe |
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Term
SR-2
Why did the Indians side with the French? |
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Definition
| Because the French began telling the Indians that the English were going to take away their lands and for many years the French cultivated strong ties of friendship and cooperation with them. Many of the Indians also depended on the French fur trade. |
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Term
SR-2
What are the dates of the French and Indian War? What outcome would this war have on the future of North America? |
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Definition
| 1754 - 1763. It would establish once and for all the supremacy of English tradition and liberty. |
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Term
SR-2
Why were General Braddock's soldiers easy targets for the French? |
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Definition
| Because of their bright red coats and they announced their arrival with fife, drum and bagpipe. They also fought in the open instead of ambush fighting as the Indians did. |
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Term
SR-2
In what year did the tide turn in Britain's favor? |
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Definition
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Term
SR-2
What was the French and Indian War called in other parts of the world? |
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Definition
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Term
SR-2
What fortress-city did the French retreat to? Who was the victor in the ensuing battle? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Led a militia unit known as the Virginia Rangers also advised a fort to be built at the forks of the Monongahela and Allegheny Rivers, now known as Pittsburgh. |
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Term
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Definition
| Virginia local militia unit who preserved law and order in the countryside and defended frontier posts from possible Indian attacks. |
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Term
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Definition
| Now known as Pittsburgh, PA, it was built by the British and captured by the French. |
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Term
SR-22
General Edward Braddock |
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Definition
| Sent by the king of England to command British troops and colonial militias in a campaign to capture Fort Duquesne and the Ohio River Valley, he was defeated. |
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Term
SR-3
What spiritual revivals in America helped unite the colonists together in a spirit of unity? |
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Definition
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Term
SR-3
How did colonial soldiers and British soldiers differ? |
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Definition
| They differed in their manner and purpose. The colonial soliders fought to protect his family and home and the British fought for wages and avoided any unnecessary risks. |
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Term
SR-3
What was the occupation of most colonial Americans? |
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Definition
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Term
SR-3
What were the two fundamental errors of George III and his policy toward America? |
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Definition
1) He took out his frustrations with Parliament by lashing out against what he perceived to be a weaker group-the colonists
2) He appointed prime ministers to Parliament who were determined to tax the colonies and violate established English liberties in the process |
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Term
SR-3
Why had the British gone heavily into debt? What was Parliament's plan to finance the government? |
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Definition
| England had a huge national debt from the Seven Years War. They planned to raise taxes in Britain and for the colonists. |
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Term
SR-3
Why did some colonists think the large British army remained in America? |
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Definition
| To keep them in subjection to the king. |
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Term
SR-3
What would happen to the person who tried to evade the stamp tax? Why did the colonists resent this treatment? |
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Definition
| They could be tried without a jury. They resented this because theydid not have the same protection as Englishmen in the Mother Country. |
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Term
SR-3
What was the meeting of representatives on October 7, 1765, called? What did the representatives ask of the king? |
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Definition
To consult together on the present circumstances of the colonies.
1) to defend their rights as Englishment to resist any taxation without due representation
2) to restore their royal charters, which granted representative powers to the colonial assemblies to determine taxes
3) to restore the land grants given tothe original colonies |
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Term
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Definition
| Came to the throne in 1760 with a desire to restore power to the crown. Made 2 fundamental errors: 1) took out his frustrations with Parliament by lashing out against the colonists, 2) appointed Prime Ministers to Parliament who were determined to tax the colonies and violate established English liberties |
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Term
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Definition
| Prime Minister appointed by George III, planned to control the colonists. With the Proclamantion of 1763 he canceled all previous land grants given to the colonies by past kings and Parliaments. |
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Term
SR-3
Proclamation of 1763 |
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Definition
| Canceled all previous land grants given to the colonies by past kings and Parliaments. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| required the colonists to buy stamps (or seals) from government agents for all legal documents, pamphlets and newspapers. |
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Term
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Definition
| required the colonists to furnish British troops with certain supplies and living quarters. |
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Term
SR-3
William Pitt the Elder |
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Definition
| believed that the colonies should have direct representation in Parliament |
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Term
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Definition
| Became one of Britain's greatest statesmen and political thinkers, also defended the colonies. He argued that the colonies had grown strong and that, whether Parliament liked it or not, they must be dealt with on the principle of freedom for they would refuse to be dealt with in any other way. |
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Term
| Princeton College & Dartmouth College |
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Definition
| two of four colleges that grew directly out of the Great Awakening |
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Term
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Definition
| spiritual revival that gave the colonists the strong moral base they would need to guide them through the difficult years ahead |
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