Term
| Who founded Harvard? What college was it modeled after? |
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Definition
| The Puritans. It was modeled after Cambridge |
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Term
| What was the curriculum in the Boston Latin School? |
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Definition
| Start at age 8, study 6-8 years, Greek, Latin, Hebrew |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What was the curriculum at Harvard? |
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Definition
| Logic, physics, geometry, arithmetic, astronomy, rhetoic (GE) |
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Term
| What was the Puritans belief on whose responsibility it was to teach the children? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was taught to read in Puritan Massachusetts? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the Massachusetts Compulsory Ed. Law? |
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Definition
| Mandated by colonial legislature to require the head of every family to teach all children in home |
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Term
| What was the "Old Deluder Satan Act" |
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Definition
| Belief was Satan wanted Christians ignorant, esp. of Bible. Required communities of 50 or more must assign a teacher to community. Teachers paid by community, begins public elementary school. |
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Term
| What were the Quakers known for in education? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where were the Quakers located mainly? |
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Definition
| Philadelphia, Pennsylvania |
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Term
| Who had teachers trained for the first time in America? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who were the first to educate the free blacks? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were the two main results of the influence of the Great Awakening in education? |
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Definition
| There became a focus on how you deliver the message. "Log College" was opened for lower class citizens, Ivy League schools were created. |
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Term
| Which two essays greatly infleunced englightment thinking? |
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Definition
| John Locke's Two Treatises (on civil gov.) and Montesquiou's Spirit of the Laws |
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Term
| What governing idea was rejected in the Enlightenment era? |
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Definition
| The divine right of kings |
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Term
| Describe the main idea/points of Deism: |
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Definition
| Natural laws operate because creator initiated them. God is a watchmaker/clockworker. Religious tolerance and free-thinking stressed. No sacred scripture/churches |
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Term
| Who wrote the Encylopedia? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe John Locke's general educational philosophy: |
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Definition
| Children are a blank slate, all talents are learned. Learning through sense and direct personal experience |
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Term
| Describe Jean-Jacques Rousseau's general educational philosophy: |
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Definition
| Children born inherently good. Learn through nature, expose to books at 8. |
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Term
| During the enlightenment what did Benjamin Franklin open in Philadelphia in 1751 and what was its purpose? |
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Definition
| Bj's "Academy", to train govt. officials |
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Term
| Who were the 3 main educational proponents after the Revolutionary war? |
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Definition
| Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Rush, Noah Webster |
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Term
| What did Jefferson see as the purpose of education? |
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Definition
| Educating citizens to make informed voting decisions about the country. |
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Term
| How would Jefferson plan to have education funded (and at what level?) |
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Definition
| Public funding at a county level |
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Term
| How would jefferson incorportate the Bible in education? |
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Definition
| No integration, keep secular |
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Term
| Who founded the state-supported University of Virginia? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who's plan for education in Pennsylvania was a model (or wanted to be) for all of America's schools? |
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Definition
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Term
| How would education be paid for under Rush's ideas? |
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Definition
| Public funding through taxes, state help through selling land |
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Term
| What was the purpose of education for Rush? |
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Definition
| To unify the country, promote patriotism and unity. |
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Term
| Who believed there should be teacher training in colleges and universities? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was Rush's belief on incorporating the Bible in education? |
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Definition
| For it, to help keep moral and religious values to maintain order. |
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Term
| What two books did Noah Webster become famous for writing? |
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Definition
| The dictionary and the Blueback Speller |
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Term
| What was the purpose of education under Webster? |
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Definition
| Unity, create stable & moral society, and to train citizens (Jefferson + Rush) |
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Term
| Who believed "every citizen should know and love the laws" |
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Definition
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Term
| Who believed teachers should be moral and professional? |
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Definition
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Term
| What did Noah Webster belief in the area of how equal education should be? |
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Definition
| He believed everyone should be educated equally |
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Term
| When did Federal Support for education begin? |
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Definition
| Under the articles of confederation, using sale of Northwest territory land for schools |
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Term
| Why was the Constitution created? (Why did Articles of Confedartion fail?) |
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Definition
| States had too much power, federal was effectively powerless |
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Term
| Whose proposal was called the "Virginia Plan" and had House of Reps chosen by states pop, senate chosen by House of Reps? |
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Definition
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Term
| Whose proposal was called the "New Jersey Plan" and had equal state reps with unicam congress power tax & regulate commerce? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the reason for growth in the common school? |
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Definition
| Industrialization and immigration |
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Term
| What were the goals of common school?(3) |
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Definition
| Provide free education for every child, trained education professional, state control over local schools |
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Term
| Which states led the way in reform? |
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Definition
| New England, New York, Pennsylvania |
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Term
| What was New York city's program called that incorporated secular education for all socio-economic classes, publically funded and run by state in 1825? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were the few significant changes when primary schools became common shcools in 1820s and 1830s? |
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Definition
| Concept of grades (boston), 8 year elementary school, most teachers were women |
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Term
| What was the standard reading text in many schools (introd in 1836)? |
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Definition
| McGuffey's Eclectic Reader |
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Term
| Who had problems with Pennsylvania's Free School law of 1834(indrod state desire for universal common schools)? |
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Definition
| Quakers, Lutherans, Germans (problem with religion & language being taught) |
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Term
| What were the main results of the "Common School" movement? (6) |
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Definition
| Emphasis on standardization of 'basics', state overseeing curriculum, qualifications for teachers, local tax funding, literacy & attendance rates increates greatly, English lang as primary & American culture/politcal values emphasized |
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Term
| Who was the greastest American educational reformer in Antebellum 19th Century America? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were the main recommendations Horace Mann made for education? |
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Definition
| Students of similar age in classes, school buildings improved, wanted to raise taxes for funding, doubled teacher salaries, less physical punishment |
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Term
| What was the impact of Horace Mann on education? (2) |
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Definition
| Influenced lawmakers to consider improvements on education, greater emphasis on accountability of school and teachers |
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Term
| Why was Catholic Elementary education created? |
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Definition
| Roman Catholics in US disturbed by Protestant bias in public schools |
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Term
| Who helped create the Independent Catholic school system in 1840 in NYC? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the first highschool & when was it opened? |
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Definition
| In boston in 1821 as English Classical School |
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