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History 201 Final Exam
prep for multiple choice
46
History
Undergraduate 2
05/04/2009

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Cards

Term
Mayan Civilization
Definition
Advanced meso-American culture known for architecture, astronomy, and math
Term
Columbus
Definition
Explorer funded by Spain who discovered a new world
Term
Martin Luther
Definition
Attacked abuses of Catholic Church leading to Protestant Reformation
Term
Puritans
Definition
Religious radicals who hoped to purge the English Church of impurities
Term
House of Burgesses
Definition
1st representative assembly in colonial Virginia
Term
Headright
Definition
System for granting 50 acres to settlers in Virginia in return for passage paid to the colony
Term
Glorious Revolution
Definition
Bloodless coup in England bringing William and Mary to the throne
Term
Anne Hutchinson
Definition
Puritan woman who preached her own ideas and was expelled from the church
Term
Enlightenment
Definition
Intellectual movement stressing the power of human reasoning
Term
Stono Rebellion
Definition
Largest slave revolt in the colonial era
Term
Proclamation Line of 1763
Definition
Prohibited white settlement beyond the Appalachian Mountains
Term
Boston Massacre
Definition
Incident in which 5 colonists were killed by British troops causing anti-British propaganda
Term
Coercive acts
Definition
British response to the Boston Tea Party closing the port of Boston and other measures
Term
Battle of Saratoga
Definition
Turning point of war as American forces captured a British army encouraging France to aid the American cause
Term
Articles of Confederation
Definition
1st national constitution forming a weak federal government
Term
Shays’ Rebellion
Definition
Rebellion of Massachusetts farmers over debt causing fears of more protests
Term
Virginia Plan
Definition
Madison’s plan for 3 branches of government
Term
Federalist papers
Definition
Essays written by Hamilton, Madison and Jay promoting the new constitution
Term
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Definition
Legislation detailing the formation of states from western territories
Term
Antifederalists
Definition
Those who opposed to the new constitution out of fear of centralized power
Term
Bill of Rights
Definition
Specific statements of individual rights amended to the Constitution to secure adoption
Term
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Definition
Co-founder of women’s rights movement and the Seneca Falls Convention
Term
Abolitionism
Definition
Ideology that believed slavery to be immoral
Term
Frederick Douglass
Definition
Escaped slave who became a black abolitionist
Term
Harriet Tubman
Definition
Escaped slave who returned to the South to help other slaves escape via the Underground Railroad
Term
Nat Turner
Definition
Leader of sensational slave revolt in VA
Term
Manifest destiny
Definition
Belief that it was God’s will for the US to spread across the North American continent
Term
Compromise of 1850
Definition
Clay’s multi-part compromise allowing California into the Union as a free state
Term
Fugitive Slave Law
Definition
Part of the Comp of 1850 denying trial by jury to escaped slaves and requiring citizens to assist federal marshals in returning escapees
Term
Mercantilism
Definition
British economic policy of support for a favorable balance of trade
Term
Panic of 1819
Definition
1st major depression in the US starting years of boom and bust
Term
Washington’s Farewell Address
Definition
Presidential warning against the influence of political parties
Term
Spoils System
Definition
Practice of awarding public office to political supporters
Term
Popular sovereignty
Definition
Controversial idea that new states entering Union could vote the state to become slave or free
Term
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Definition
A popular novel that created emotional support for the cause of abolitionism
Term
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Definition
Act repealing Missouri Compromise and allowing Kansas and Nebraska to determine if they were slave or free
Term
Harpers Ferry
Definition
Federal arsenal attacked unsuccessfully by John Brown intensifying sectionalism
Term
Fort Sumter
Definition
Charleston, SC fort attacked by Southern forces and the first battle of the Civil War
Term
Radical Republicans
Definition
Anti-slavery wing of Republican Party who advocated rights for freedmen
Term
14th Amendment
Definition
Made former slaves citizens with equal protection under the law
Term
Freedmen’s Bureau
Definition
Organization designed to proved care for war refugees and help blacks move from slavery to freedom
Term
Prophet Tenskwatawa
Definition
Indian religious leader urging tribes to return to traditional ways
Term
Indian Removal
Definition
Process of forcing Indians in the Southeast to move westward
Term
Marbury v. Madison
Definition
1st Supreme Court case in which a law of Congress was declared unconstitutional
Term
Pinckney’s Treaty
Definition
Set southern borders of US and secured trading rights through the Mississippi River
Term
Monroe Doctrine
Definition
A foreign policy statement that proposed non-interference by British and American forces in their respective foreign affairs
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