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SPARTA
Serfs
Opressed by the citizens of Sparta
Sparta took over other places and got the Helots to do their dirty work for them
this allowed spartans to be fulltime citizen-soldiers (not also citizen-farmers)
They Became a Militarized society |
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SPARTA
Boys in collective upbringings
Training
Sparta was a permanent military camp
Sparta was a collective society |
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SPARTA
Council of elders
power to initiate and veto laws |
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AEGEAN BRONZE AGE
Tells us about the culture
more heierarchical than civilizations to come
more monarchical than the more democratic Athens of the future |
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AEGEAN BRONZE AGE
Found at Mycenean Palaces
Ventris and Chadwick: decipherment of Linear B
for writing greek, not minoan
Greeks apapting a minoan writing
Linear B stopped being used in the dark age
Due to a dicipherment, we know more about the myceneans than the minoans |
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AEGEAN BRONZE AGE
Discovery of Knossos by Sir Arthur Evans led to the discovery of the minoans
Earliest Aegean state-level society |
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DARK AND ARCHAIC AGES
growth, development, 2nd period of state formation
rival states sharing a larger common culture
panhellenism
defining borders and territories |
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DARK AND ARCHAIC AGES
Heavy Infantry Men
Close formation tactics represent equality
citizen-farmers only fought during agricultural low season
fought in their own defence |
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DARK AND ARCHAIC AGES
"citizen-state"
not as much centralization and stratification
a society of citizen-farmers
independent and small coming together to participate in self-government
the citizens themselves were the state
non ruling class
direct, participating in self-government |
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SIXTH CENTURY ATHENS
champion of the people and polis
he built up institutions and communities
in principle he was an autocrat
he was succeeded by his sons
he was typical of archaic tyranny |
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PENTEKONTAETIA
the 50 years between the end of the persian war and the peloponnesian war
Expanded the Athenian power under the delian league |
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PELOPONNESIAN WAR
rash decision
Athens was defeated by the Syracusans
S. New challenge because it was like Athens
an imperialistic naval democracy
Athens lost everything |
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4TH CENTURY GREECE
War of the allies
Ionian collonies overthrew their democratic government
revolted against Athens' domination of their confederacy |
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4TH CENTURY GREECE
Sparta Beaten
no longer the top military power
spartans and thebans |
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PHILIP AND ALEXANDER
people said that it was a drunk attempt to impress the people
likely it was a calculated and symbolic move
retributions for when Persia burned athens |
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THE HELLENISTIC WORLD
Antonichus bans Jewish sacrifice, circumcision, Sabbath and feasts
Revolt ended in compromise
Jews accept the overlordship of the Seleucid
Seleucids allowed the Jews to have their customs
Maccabees became Kings in Israel |
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EARLY ROME
The King Building
Larger than all the other buildings
Part of a complex of buildings |
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THE LATE REPUBLIC
Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus
Spoke for the masses
confiscate public land and return it to Roman Citizens that had become landless
Therefore senators didn't like them
Bypass senate and went straight to the people
Radical Populist Programmes |
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THE LATE REPUBLIC
Old Aristocratic council became senate of 300 former magistrates
Chosen from the people that had been quaestor or higher
Role of the senate: advising
Acquired more and more independent authority
religious decisions
supervise public funds |
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THE CIVIL WARS
Took over after civil war
Deified himself
Face on coinc
Hated the senate and tribunes |
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AUGUSTAN ROME
Alter of the Augustan Peace |
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AUGUSTAN ROME
"republic restored"
a conservative revolution
a civil monarchy
gradual monarchical shift |
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JULIO-CLAUDIAN
Under Claudius' rules, he employed his household staff as state civil service
Public authority exercized by personal appointees of the princeps
represented a shift from senatorial power to imperialized civil service
Claudius took to his household staff for support |
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JULIO-CLAUDIANS
Fire damaged all sections of Rome
Gave nero an opportunity to rebuild the city
built the Domus Aurea (Gold Palace)
Nero claimed that Christians were at fault for the fire
used them as human torches |
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JULIO-CLAUDIANS
Heir of Tiberius
Showed early promis
got sick
scandalous ACB
deified himself, divine ruler
courted vulgar popularity as charioteer, gladiator and singer
vulgar and demeising, not only to himself but also to Henseck
Neglected army
Assassinated by Haetorions |
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JULIO-CLAUDIANS
Augustus' Stepson
He had good government, but bad relations with the senate and other people
didnt know the senate well
didn't have Augustus' charm
gave relief funds to people who were victims of earthquake
spent millions of homes that were damaged by a fire
still seen as a spendthrift because he didn't throw parties or spectacles |
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Term
| Lex de Imperio Vespasiani |
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Definition
VESPIAN TO CARACALLA
Legal institutionalization of imperator |
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VESPIAN TO CARACALLA
Roman citizenship to all free citizens of the empire
universal Roman citizenship
Liable to pay taxes
Natural outcome of the progress that had been made |
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THE FALL OF THE WESTERN EMPIRE
Leader of the Gotis army
led raids into greece and italy for rewards
sacked Rome - blackmailed Honorius
Alaric wanted a place at the top of Roman society
He started the first time in 800 years that Rome had fallen to a foreign arms |
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