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| Franklin D. Roosevelt (1941) advocated a world founded upon four essential freedoms: (1) freedom of speech and expression, (2) freedom of every person to worship God in his way, (3) freedom from want, and (4) freedom from fear. Significant because two of the freedoms - from want and fear - were included in the Atlantic Charter. Promoted international peace, democracy and trade |
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Winston Churchill and FDR (1941). Neither the U.S. nor Britain sought aggrandizement. Both advocated the restoration of self-government to peoples forcibly deprived of it.
Significant because the Atlantic Charter promoted international peace, democracy, and trade. |
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FDR (1941). Created to promote the fullest employment of all available persons and to eliminate discriminatory employment practices. In 1964, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission was created to fight discrimination in employment.
Significant because it was the first federal law to promote equal opportunity and prohibit employment discrimination in the U.S. |
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| Truman (1947). Involved maintaing the U.S. military presence around the world, as well as supporting "friendly" regimes economically and militarily. The foreign policy of the U.S. during the Cold War, aimed at prevented Soviet expansion. The Marshall Plan (1947) and Truman Doctrine (1947) promoted containment by giving Europe $2.4 billion to rebuild after WWII and opening bases in 30 countries while aiding 100. |
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1947. Reorganize and centralize the military after WWII. Established a National Security Council which included the newly created Office of Secretary of Defense to coordinate policy, and the CIA to evaluate the intelligence relating to national security.
Significant because it created the Department of Defense and institutionalized the Joint Chiefs of Staff |
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(1950-1953). Conflict between North Korea and Chines armies; fought to a stalemate against South Korean and UN forces, led by the U.S. Eisenhower offered peace talks and both sides agreed to an armistice that kept Korea divided.
Significant because it was an event by which the U.S. tried to maintain the spread of communism, and it became one of the first events that the U.S. President did not ask Congress for a declaration of war, promoting an imperial presidency. |
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| House Committee on Un-American Activities |
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| (1938) Chaired by Martin Dies. Searched for communists and other suspected subversives for nearly 40 years. Became a standing committee in the House (1945). In 1969, focused on domestic terrorism and became the "House Internal Security Committee." During the Vietnam War & Watergate, the committee was abolished. |
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| Federal Employees Loyalty and Security Program |
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| Established the first general loyalty program in the United States, which was designed to root out communist influence within the various departments of the U.S. federal government. Truman aimed to rally pubic opinion behind his Cold War policies with the investigations that would stem from this executive order. Limited the role of the FBI in order to avoid a witch hunt. |
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| (1950s) Described what U.S. would be like under Communist control. Americans would lose a lot of their freedoms, like freedom of speech, individuality would be sacrificed so that people would work for a common gaol. Meant to be a recruitment movie, promoting Americans to join the fight against Communism. Significant because it illuminated the fear and hatred that Americans had toward Communism and because it helped shape a mass opinion of anti-Communism in America. |
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