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-everybody worked together=> all the Indians on the reservation will be farmers, divide up the land, head of the family gets 160 acres, any other adult gets 80 acres, any child will get 40 acres: land owners and citizens.
-War is basically a failure.
-Kids are forced to learn English if they want to eat (survive).
-authorized the President of the United States to survey Indian tribal land and divide it into allotments for individual Indians.
-it was ammended in 1891 and 1906 by the Burke Act
-named for its sponsor, Senator Henry L. Dawes of Massachusetts.
-objective: assimilation of Indians into American society. Individual ownership of land was seen as an essential step |
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| treated with upmost of good faith (Native American) land cannot be taken from them without their consent 1789 |
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| (1846-1848) Annexation of Texas |
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-US Secretary of State under Presidents Lincoln and Johnson
-demanded withdrawal of French troops from Mexico.
-interested in US expansion
-responsible for 1867 treaty with Russia to purchase Alaska for $7,2000,000. Public called this "Seward's Ice Box" and "Seward's Folly" |
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| amended the Dawes General Allotment Act of 1887 by changing the time when Indians would be enfranchised as citizens and become subject to the civil and criminal jurisdictions of the states in which they resided. |
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| assisted ex-slaves and refugees by providing medical aid and education in adjusting to socio-economic changes |
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-sought to lessen involvement of politicians in running govt.
-created a bipartisan commission to administer competitive exams to candidates for civil service jobs and to appoint officeholders based on merit
-outlawed forcing political contributors from appointed officials
-Congress created it in reaction to Garfield’s assassination. |
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-only Demoncrat elected president after the Civil War until the 20th century
-only president to serve 2 non-conservative terms
-Lowered taxes and tariffs |
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"hard" form of Reconstruction favored by radical Republicans---
-imposed military rule southern states who refused to ratify the 14th ammendment threw out their governments
-states had to write new constitutions and ratify the 14th public schools
-fair voting laws
-more women's rights the south had a violent response to it |
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| Legislation granting 160 acres of land to anyone who paid a $10 fee and pledged to live on and cultivate the land for five years. Although there was a good deal of fraud, the act encouraged a large migration to the West. Between 1862 and 1900, nearly 600,000 families claimed homesteads under its provisions. |
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| Founder of Liberal Republican party and stated the New York Tribune- a very influential newspaper. |
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| Transcontinental Railroad |
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-railroad line built in the United States of America between 1863 and 1869 by the Central Pacific Railroad of California and the Union Pacific Railroad that connected its statutory Eastern terminus at Council Bluffs, Iowa/Omaha, Nebraska[1][2] (via Ogden, Utah, and Sacramento, California) with the Pacific Ocean at Oakland, California on the eastern shore of San Francisco Bay opposite San Francisco.
-By linking with the existing railway network of the Eastern United States, the road thus connected the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of the United States by rail for the first time. The line was popularly known as the Overland Route after the principal passenger rail service that operated over the length of the line through the end of 1962. |
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| Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) |
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| Legislation passed that excluded Chinese immigrant workers for ten years and denied U.S. citizenship to Chinese nationals living in the United States. It was the first U.S. exclusionary law that was aimed at a specific racial group. |
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| Indian Removal Act of 1830 |
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| congressional act that allowed the removal (forcing off of their own land) of American Indians who lived east of the Mississippi River - funded removal of Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Cree, and Seminol indians (NC, GA, FL, AL, MS) - these indians not savages, many had tried assimilation - with Cherokee tribe led to court cases |
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"Buffalo Bill's Wild West" traveling show for out-of-work cowboys
-Recieved a medal of honor in 1872. |
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-American lawyer and politician who represented Massachusettsin the United States House of Representatives
-later served as the 33rd Governor of Massachusetts. |
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| 13th, 14th, 15th Ammendments |
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13th- Abolished slavery
14th- gave blacks the right to citizenship
15th- states that no one can be kept from voting b/c of "race, color, or previous condition of servitude" |
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Rep. candidate in election of 1884
-He was involved in the credit moblier scandal and former SOH
-Mugwumps disliked him so they supported Cleveland |
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-series of statutes passed by the ex-Confederate states, 1865-66, dealing with the status of the newly freed slaves.
-They varied greatly from state to state
-Although the codes granted certain basic civil rights to blacks (the right to marry, to own personal property, and to sue in court), they also provided for the segregation of public facilities and placed severe restrictions on the freedman's status as a free laborer, his right to own real estate, and his right to testify in court. |
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- Sioux Indian Chief
-Led thousand of Indians against General George Armstrong Custer @ Little Bighorn and killed every man including Custer
-surrendered in 1877 |
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| boys hired at the age 9 or 10 to pick slack out of coal and were paid 60 cents for a 10-hour work day |
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-political reformer
-Bourbon Democrat who worked closely with the New York City business community, led the fight against the corruption of Tammany Hall, and fought to keep taxes low. |
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-Lincoln's press agent
-opposed slavery and was very pro-Union |
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| Civil Rights Bill of 1866 |
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| federal law in the United States declaring that everyone born in the U.S. and not subject to any foreign power is a citizen, without regard to race, color, or previous condition of slavery or involuntary servitude |
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| -last president during Reconstruction |
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| Emancipation Proclamation |
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an executive order issued by President Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863, during the American Civil War using his war powers.
-proclaimed the freedom of slaves in the ten states then in rebellion, thus applying to 3.1 million of the 4 million slaves in the U.S. at that time.
- announed right after big Northern win at Antietam
- freed slaves in Confederate states, not northern states
- was not in effect for 800,000 slaves in border states either
- faced some opposition in north, many knew it was military necessity
- went to contraband camps, Freedman's Village |
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-industrialist who led the enormous expansion of the American steel industry in the late 19th century
-philanthropist- spread the wealth
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Carpetbaggers were Northerners who moved to the South after the war. This negative name came from the misconception that they arrived with so few belongings that they carried everything in small traveling bags made of carpeting.
Significance: Carpetbaggers came to the south in hopes of business opportunities, teaching job. Some entered politics in order to democratiz the south and introduce northern methods of industry and education |
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He reported that the Black Hills were filled with gold. In early June 1876, the Sioux and
Cheyenne held a sun dance, during which Sitting Bull had a
vision of soldiers and some Native Americans falling from their
horses. When Colonel Custer and his troops reached the Little
Bighorn River, the Native Americans were ready for them. The Indians killed most of the opposing men including George Custer, but then later they were defeated.
HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE: because of the gold rush more and more indians were losing there land and they had to fight for there land but they were eventually conquered by the American Troops. |
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The Klan’s goals were
to destroy the Republican Party, to throw out the Reconstruction governments, to aid the planter class, and to prevent African Americans from exercising their political rights. To achieve these goals, the Klan and other groups killed perhaps 20,000 men, women, and children. In addition to violence, some white Southerners refused to hire or do business with African Americans who voted Republican. |
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white Southerners who joined the Republican Party. Many were small farmers who wanted to improve their economic position and did not want the former wealthy planters to regain power.
Historical Significance: is that they were resistance to the mostly deomocratic south. |
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| Bring formal charges of wrongdoing against an elected official. |
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Definition: A policy passed 1877 which gave land to individual native Americans rather than entire tribes.
Significance: This act was an attempt to convert native americans into "productive" citizens but showed little inclination to do so. The act gave US citizenship to those who accepted the land, but those who refused stayed on reservations. |
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Definition: The Supreme Court ruling that said separate facilities for blacks and whites was legal as long as they were equal.
Significance: This opened the doors for other segregation laws like the Jim Crow Laws. These laws further showed how African Americans were still considered inferior. Blacks would then start boycotting businesses discriminatory businesses and supported each other. |
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