Term
| Why did a division in the papacy mean both political chaos and spiritual fear for Europeans? |
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Definition
| A division in the papacy lead to conflicts between popes. They would argue over who got do do what, and who held the power to do what. People began to fear the church because of the amount of excommunications and crises that came along with it. |
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Term
| What social and political forces encouraged division within the various Gothic, Anglo-Saxon, and Frankish kingdoms? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the attraction of monasticism? |
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Definition
Women were particularly attracted to monasticism in that they got away from their everyday brutal lives and could live their lives in peace. |
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Term
| Why does the church devote so much energy to the destruction of witches? Why were they considered so dangerous?Why might a young man like the one described in The Ant Hill make such a full confesion of his witchcraft? What was the procedure followed by the inquistor when torturing a suspect? |
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Definition
| Witches were believed to had made a contract with the devil. Deformed babies and animals they though were monsters as well as crises needed explanation, witchcraft. Natural disasters like plague and war promoted it. They beleived that if the admitted they would be freed of all of their sins. They torture them, then try to get them to admit, but if not keep torturing using different methods each time. |
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Term
| What was Pope Urban II's message to the council at Clermont, according to Fulscher of Chartres? How will the Christians be rewarded? How did the Christians behave in Jerusalem? |
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Definition
| He says that we need to root out all evil and crookedness of God. You are God's people and need to do what is right to preserve it. The Christians will recieve remission for their sins. They massacred people, and after stole everything in their homes and even took homes for themselves. |
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Term
| Ibn Al-Qalanisi gives us a clear view of fighting in the Crusades. What was it like? Why do Muslims fight? Are their reasons different from those of the Christian forces? |
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Definition
| The Crusades were brutal , he describes it as deadly warfare, massacres, they stole everything, and burned everything. The Muslims fight for God and for theirselves |
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Term
| What are some of the characteristics shared by Islam, Christianinity, and Judaism? What way is the Qu'ran a code of conduct for everyday life? What does the Qu'ran teach should be done to the nonbeliever? |
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Definition
| They all recognize biblical figures like Noah and Moses, and the importance of Jesus as prophet. It contains a code of law and ethics to be followed in everyday life. They follow God's divine plan. He should broil in the fire of hell, neither die but neither live. |
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Term
| What does Justinians Code reveal about the status of women? What generalizations can you reveal about the parents and children in Byzantium from the Code? What rights did concubines have? What rights did wives have? |
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Definition
| Women had a lot of rights, but had to watch what they did or looked at in disgrace. Parents and children were under law to support eachother.Wives could divorce and marry again if circumstances applied. Concubines really did not have too many rights unless granted by their patron. |
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Term
| How did new states emegre in Spain, Scandanavia, and in the Slavic world and how do those states compare with their western neighbors? |
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Definition
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Term
| When was the council of Nicea? Why did Constantine call it? What was its conclusion regarding the deity of Christ? |
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Definition
-325 A.D.
-called to settle conflict in church over whether Jesus is god or not.
-Arians and non-Arians no agreement, until Council of Chalcedon-Jesus is true god and true man. |
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