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Definition
| site of sperm production 1-4 per lobule |
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| proliferating population of germ cells in various levels of differntiation and non-germ-line cells that support the germ cells, Sertoli cells. |
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| lie adjacent to plasma membrane, as differentiation proceeds they move toward lumen. type A stem cells that divide mitotically. Give rise to more stem cells. Type B are progenator cells which undergo mitosis and produce primary spermatocytes. |
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Definition
| closer to lumen than spermatogonia look like secondary spermatocytes. first meiotic prophase takes about 16 days. These are seen a lot. They are 4n with 46 pairs of sister chromatids. |
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Definition
| smaller, divide (meiosis 2) quickly to produce spermatids. Have a 2n compliment with 23 pairs of sister chromatids before meiosis 2. |
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Definition
| differentiating 1n, 22+1 x or Y. |
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Definition
| present between germ cells. incomplete cytokinesis. may allow for synchronization of sperm development |
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| spermatogonia are transformed into mature sperm. Three phases: stem cell renewal, meiosis, and spermiogenesis. |
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Definition
| morphological transformation of spermatid to to spermatozoan. Acrosomal formation from Golgi apparatus, nucleus condensation, flagellum formed in centriole, and cytoplasm and organelles are shed to be eaten by sertoli cells. |
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| extend from membrane to lumen.large basally located nucleus just above level of spermatagonia. Prominent nucleolus. tight junctions divide seminiforous epi into basal and adluminal components. form blood-testis barrier. Spermatogonia lie on blood side of barrier, not protected from antibodies. produce ABP. Increases local testerone. |
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Definition
| phagocytize, nourish germ cells, secrete fluids into lume, stimulated by FSH and testosterone. Produce inhibin and activin, activate and depress FSH feedback process. |
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Definition
| myoid contractile cells, fibroblasts and collagen bundles. contraction of myoid cells propels contents of tubules toward rete testis. |
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Definition
| LCT- leydig cells, nerves, lymphatics, blood vessels, macrophages. |
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Term
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Definition
| secrete testosterone, found in groups. polygonal. mitchondria have tubular cristae. Contain cytoplasmic crystale of reinke. under the influence of LH (ICSH) |
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Definition
| stimulates sertoli cells to produce ABH, required for testis development in developing males. |
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Definition
| libido, spermatogenesis, structural and functional maintenance of male accessory characteristics. |
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Definition
| straight seminiferous tubules. No germ cells near junction. Only sertoli cells that merge and become simple cuboidal epithelium that lines tubuli recti. |
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Definition
| simple cuboidal or columnar epithelium and has short microvilli and a single flagellum. |
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Definition
| collecting duct for rete. connect to epididymis. coiled, cone-shaped mass in the head of the epididymis. Festooned epithelium (cuboidal alternating with columnar. some ciliated, some only microvilli resorb most of fluid secreted by the seminiferous epithelium. muscular circular layer that thickens b epididymis. |
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Definition
| 4-6 meters, site of sperm competence. Pseudostratified columnar. Low basal cells and tall columnar cells with stereocilia (greatly elongated microvilli, contain actin filaments, not microtubules). fluid resorption. Shorter in tail of epididymis. Defined basement membrane and thin LP. Outer layer of circular muscle that thickens as it approaches the ductus deferens. Sperm are compacted into dense mass. Serves as sperm reservoir. Contracts with nervous stimulation to expel sperm. androgen-dependent sperm maturation. passive transport due to fluid movement. helped with cilia and flagella and smooth muscle peristalsis. |
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Definition
| epi to prostatic urethra. passes up spermatic cord, out of scrotum, into abdominal cavity and joins the urethra. three layers, Mucosa- stereocilia, low psuedostratified columnar epithelium, similar to tail of epididymis. lots of elastic fibers in lamina propria. Muscularis: thick coat: inner and outer longitudinal layer and thick inner circular layer. |
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Definition
| nervous stimulation causes contractions of thick muscle - main propulsive force for ejaculation. |
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Definition
| part of ductus deferens in abdominal cavity. high mucosal folds branched. Just before ductus deferens connects to seminal vesicles to form the ejaculatory duct. |
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| appears artificially to have chambers due to extensive branching. elastin rich lamina propria, inner circular and outer longitudinal layer. of smooth muscle. yellowish, viscous secretion containing many reducing substances. High in fructose to feed spermies. and ascorbic citric acid. Prostiglandins. |
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Definition
| 30-50 tubuloalveolar glands around and emptying into urethra. Periurethral glands (separated from true urethra by smooth muscle). Submucosal glands in middle layer. Main prostatic glands are peripherally located. Cancer in true prostate or peripheral zone. in a fibro-muscular matrix- contraction expels this stuff. colorless (pH 6.5), enzymes, zinv, citric acid, and acid phosphatase. Concretions in older men. Cause distension of the gland. needs testosterone. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cowper's glands- peasized tubuloalveolar glands empty into urethra via looong ducts. clear, viscous containing sialoproteins, ma serve as lubricant for spermies during ejaculation! |
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