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Histology
final
87
Medical
Professional
12/10/2007

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Cards

Term

the membranous organelle of protein synthesis is...

Definition
Rough ER
Term
the name of a strand of mRNA studded with ribosomes is...
Definition
polysome
Term
what is the term for a lysosome that has completed digestion but retains junk?
Definition
residual body
Term
what organelles contain DNA?
Definition
mitochondria and nucleus
Term
what organelle produces ATP?
Definition
mitochondria
Term
what organelle is responsible for the assembly of ribosomes?
Definition
nucleolus
Term
what surface specialization increases surface area @ the apex of the cell? at bottom?
Definition

microvilli

basal infoldings

Term
what surface specialization moves material along te cell's apical surface?
Definition
cilia
Term
what has 9 microtubular doublets around a central pair?
Definition
axoneme
Term
who gets an axoneme?
Definition
cilia and flagella
Term
what has 9 microtubular triplets around a hollow center?
Definition
centriole and basal body
Term
membranous organelle that makes libpids and detoxifies cell?
Definition
smooth ER
Term
dark, granular, basophilic material found in neuron cell bodies and dendrites is called?
Definition
Nissl bodies
Term
the primary producer of CSF is...
Definition
choroid plexus
Term
the cell responsible for formation of myelin in PNS is...
Definition
schwann cell
Term
which type of axonal transport moves material from terminal to cell body?
Definition
retrograde
Term
which part of the neurons are specialized for conduction of electrical impulse?
Definition
axons
Term
which of the following neurons are pseudounipolar?
Definition
sensory
Term
which of the following are phases of neuronal degeneration?
Definition
proximal and distal
Term
oligodendricytes are a type of ...
Definition
macroglia
Term
what kind of neuronal degeneration occurs between damage and cell body?
Definition
proximal
Term
what aer the 3 meningeal layers from superficial to deep?
Definition
dura, arachnoid, pia
Term
what cell produces myelin in CNS?
Definition
oligodendrocyte
Term
what do we call a collection of neuron cell bodies in the CNS? in the PNS?
Definition

nucleus

ganglion

Term
what muscle that occurs in the walls of hollow tubes and engages in rhythmic and tonic contraction?
Definition
visceral (unitary)
Term
what cardiac muscle fiber has smaller diameter, few terminal cisternae & secretes atrial natriuetic peptide?
Definition
atrial
Term
which muscle type has the ability to regenerate?
Definition
smooth
Term
what protein molecule blocks the binding site on actin for myosin?
Definition
tropomyosin
Term
the CT layer that surrounds each muscle fiber?
Definition
endomysium
Term
region of the cell membrane in striated which carries depolarization?
Definition
t-tubules
Term
actin and myosin can both be found in what band?
Definition
A-band
Term
conduction fibers include all of these?
Definition
SA node, AV node, bundle of Hiss, purkinje fibers
Term
what type of striated muscle has centrally located nuclei?
Definition
cardiac
Term
what do we call a single nerve fiber and all the muscle fibers it innervates?
Definition
motor unit
Term
what skeletal fibers have small diameter, much myoglobin, many mito., little glycogen?
Definition
slow, red fibers
Term
what do we call the spot where the motor nerve pierces through the epimysium?
Definition
motor point
Term
what muscle type has peripheral nuclei and is a true structural synctium?
Definition
skeletal
Term
name a unicellular exocrine gland.  unicellular endocrine?
Definition

goblet cell

enteroendocrine

Term
what epithelium has domed apex and can be stretched and distended?
Definition

transitional

Term
what junctional complex keeps cells from being pulled apart?
Definition
adherens/desmosome
Term
what epithelial type is characterized by thin cytoplasm, flattened ovoid nuclei, and is wider than tall?
Definition
squamous
Term
what kind of exocrine secretion is characterized by only the cell's product being secreted?
Definition
merocrine
Term
what type of cellular junctional complex enables ion transport?
Definition
gap or nexus
Term
what type of cell release their product to neighboring cells to influence their function?
Definition
paracrine
Term

all of the following are surface specializations except:

cilia

flagella

microvilli

stereo cilia

glycocalyx

canaliculi

Definition
canaliculi
Term
what type of gland discharges its secretory products directly into the bloodstream?
Definition
endocrine
Term
a secretory process in which the entire cell becomes part of the secretory  product..
Definition
holocrine
Term
specialized epithelium that lines the urinary tract
Definition
transitional
Term
the manner of secretion in which sebaceous glands secrete
Definition
holocrine
Term
which describes epithelial tissue?
Definition
many close similar cells, polarization, avascular
Term
what type of bone is arranged in spicules and trabeculae?
Definition
cancellous/spongy
Term
which type of collagen is made by chondroblats in cart.
Definition
type II
Term
what cell type is responsible for making glycoproteins, GAGs?
Definition
fibroblast
Term

these cells are responsible for production of all CT fiber types

Definition
fibroblasts
Term
what glycoprotein binds cells to their ECM
Definition
integrins
Term
what are the 3 components of CT?
Definition

ECM, cells and fibers

Term
what type of collagen makes up reticular fibers?
Definition
Type III
Term
what type of cells contain granules of heparin, histamine and serotonin?
Definition
mast cells and basophils
Term
periosteum is attached to bone by:
Definition
sharpey's fibers
Term
which of the following cells secrete osteoid
Definition
osteoblasts
Term
which type of CT cells are important in wound healing due to generative capacity?
Definition
mesenchymal cells
Term
bone growth is always:
Definition
appositional
Term
bone made up of an irregular arrangement of spicules and trabeculae is:
Definition
spongy bone
Term
cells seen in high conc. in infants that generate heat due to their numerous mito. are:
Definition
brown fat
Term
this dense regular CT structure holds muscle to bone:
Definition
tendon
Term
what type of collagen fiber is found in cartilage?
Definition
type II
Term
what can be found between dense regular CT and hyaline cartilage?
Definition

fibrocartilage

Term
fibronectin, chondronectin, laminin and integrins are:
Definition
glycoproteins
Term
what blood cell is intensely phagocytic?
Definition
neutrophil
Term
which of the 4 primary tissue types does blood belong to?
Definition
CT
Term
what leukocyte has a multilobulated (3-5 lobules) nucleus?
Definition

neutrophil

Term
what leukocyte has no granules and has a large, eccentrically  placed, reniform nucleus?
Definition
monocyte
Term
what type of CT forms the periosteum, perichondrium and capsules around most organs?
Definition
dense irregular
Term
what cell makes bony matrix (osteoid)?
Definition
osteoblast
Term
what vessels connect the marrow cavity to the vessels in the periosteum?
Definition
volkman's
Term
what bone cell is a part of the mononuclear phagocyte system and digests bone?
Definition
osetoclast
Term
what type of bone growth replaces pre-existing cartilage?
Definition
endochondral ossification
Term
what CT fiber is strong and flexible but does not stretch and is white in fresh tissue?
Definition
collagen
Term
name the GAGs
Definition
hyaluronic acid, dermatan SO4, keratin sulfate, heparin sulfate, chondroitin sulfate
Term
what is the outermost layer of longitudinal CT in vasculature?
Definition
tunica adventitia
Term
what vessel is yellow in fresh tissue, has elastic fibers and functions in absorbing pulsation of blood?   
Definition
elastic arteries
Term
in which vessels would you see a prominent internal elastic lamina?
Definition
muscular arteries
Term
what causes T-lymphocytes to enter lymph nodes from the vasculature?
Definition
high endothelial venules
Term
in which tunic is the vasa vasorum found?
Definition
tunica adventitia
Term
what vasculature get valves?
Definition
veins and lymphatics
Term
what vessels collect tissue fluid and return it to the veins?
Definition
lymphatic vessels
Term
what capillary type has tiny openings in the wall with one-way flaps of membrane covering them?
Definition
fenestrated
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