Term
| The four primary tissue types are: |
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Definition
| Epithelial; connective (CT); muscle; nerve |
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Term
| The locations where Epithelial Tissue AKA Epithelium AKA Epithelia can be found are: |
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Definition
| (OIG or Outer, Inner, Gland) outer cover of skin; inner lining of body organs and vessels; major tissue of glands |
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Term
| The functions of Epithelial Tissue AKA Epithelium AKA Epithelia are: |
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Definition
| (RAFTSPLES) reproduction; absorption; filtration; transportation; secretion; protection; lubrication; excretion; sensory reception |
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Term
| Aside from location and functions, what are the other characteristics of Epithelial Tissue AKA Epithelium AKA Epithelia? |
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Definition
| Avascular; innervated; very high mitotic rate; tightly packed cells for protection; cells are in continuous sheets of single or multiple layers; one nucleus per cell; |
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Term
| What are the surfaces of Epithelial Tissue AKA Epithelium AKA Epithelia cells? |
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Definition
| Apical AKA free surface(exposed to outside of body surfaces or exposed to lumen internally); Basal surface (opposite apical, attached to basement membrane); Basement membrane (defines epithelial boundary, reinforces sheet, selectively permeable, two subtypes: basal lamina [adhesive glycoprotein sheet adajacent to basal surf.] and reticular lamina [collagen protein fibers adjacent to CT]); Connective Tissue (all epithelial tissue rests upon and is supported by CT) |
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Term
| The layer classifications of epithelial tissue are: |
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Definition
1) Simple (single layer)
2) Stratified (more than one layer)
3) Pseudostratified (appears to be multilayered, but actually single) |
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Term
| The shape classifications of epithelial tissue are: |
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Definition
1) Squamous (stretched, thin, flat cells)
2) Cuboidal (cube-like/square-shaped cells)
3) Columnar (taller than wide, elongated cells) |
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Term
| The types of epithelial tissue are: |
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Definition
| Simple squamous epithelium; Simple cuboidal epithelium; Simple columnar epithelium; Psuedostratified columnar epithelium; Stratified squamous epithelium; Stratified cuboidal epithelium; Stratified columnar epithelium; Transitional epithelium |
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Term
| The characteristics of Simple Squamous Epithelium are: |
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Definition
Description: single layer of thin, flat cells
Function: diffusion, osmosis, filtration
Location: Endothelium - inner lining of vessel walls and air sacs; Mesothelium - epithelial layer of a serous membrane |
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Term
| The characteristics of Simple Cuboidal Epithelium are: |
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Definition
Description: single layer of cube-shaped cells w/ central, spherical nucleus
Function: secretion, absorption
Location: lines kindey's tubules and some gland's ducts |
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Term
| The characteristics of Simple Columnar Epithelium are: |
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Definition
Description: a single layer of elongated cells; nuclei are at the same level near the basement membrane
Types: Ciliated - has hairlike extensions from plasma membrane's apical surface to move mucous and trapped particles or transport an egg cell through uterine tube; Nonciliated - villus or villi on apical surface that increase surface area and increase absorption into cell; microvilli further extend surface area
Function: transport, secretion, absorption, protection
Location: inner linings of uterus and uterine tube; GI tract; Upper respiratory tract |
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Term
| The characteristics of the Stratified Squamous Epithelium are: |
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Definition
Description: many layers (25-40); deepest layers have cells rapidly underoing mitosis and appear cuboidal or columnar; only cells towards surface appear squamous-like
Types: Kertinized - hard, protective surface to waterproof skin and repel bacteria; Nonkeratinized - cells remain moist and don't have built up horny layer
Function: protection
Location: Keratinized - skin; Non-keratinized - inner linings of the mouth, throat, and vagina |
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Term
| The characteristics of stratified cuboidal epithelium are: |
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Definition
Description: 2-3 layers of cube-shaped cells
Function: secretion, protection
Location: inner linings of larger ducts of sweat glands and salivary glands |
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Term
| The characteristics of Stratified Columnar Epithelium are: |
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Definition
Description: 6-10 layers; only the apical layer appears as columnar cells; deep layers are cube-shaped
Function: secretion, protection
Location: pharynx, male's urethra |
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Term
| The characteristics of pseudostratified columnar epithelium are: |
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Definition
Description: a single layer of elongated cells appearing stratified w/out being so; nuclei on different levels; all cells reach basement membrane but some don't reach apical surface
Function: movement of mucous and sex cells via cilia, secretion, protection
Location: inner lining of resp. tract and uterine tubes |
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Term
| The characteristics of Transitional Epithelium are: |
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Definition
Description: Relaxed state - layers of cuboidal or columnar-like cells; Contracted state - appears like layers of stretched squamous-like cells
Function: distensibility
Location: inner lining of urinary bladder and ureters |
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Term
| The two types of glands are: |
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Definition
| Endocrine (release secretions directly into EC/Interstitial spaces where they're absorbed into blood vessels and lymphatic vessels); Exocrine (release secretions into the gland's duct, more numerous than endocrine) |
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Term
| The epithelial tissue of glands is usually: |
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Definition
| Specialized columnar or cuboidal epithelium |
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Term
| The two types of glandular secretions and their characteristics are: |
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Definition
1) Mucous - thick/viscous, found in inner linings of respiratory and GI tracts
2) Serous - thin/watery, found in sweat glands |
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Term
| The glandular classifications based on cell number are: |
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Definition
| Unicellular (goblet cell - only one cell gland in body); Multicellular |
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Term
| Gland classifications via content of glandular secretions are: |
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Definition
1) Merocrine AKA Eccrine gland: secretions released via exocytosis w/out plasma membrane breaking (e.g. sweat or salivary gland)
2) Apocrine gland: secretions released along w/ partial fragments of ruptured cell membrane (e.g. mammary gland)
3) Holocrine gland: secretions released w/ entire ruptured cell (i.e. sebaceous gland) |
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