Term
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Definition
| single layer epithelial cells. composed of loose C.T. and few smooth muscle cells |
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Term
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Definition
| concentric smooth muscle cells (contract regulate BP) elastic fibers, type III collagen, proteoglycans |
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Term
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Definition
| fibroblasts, type I collagen, longitudinal elastic fibers. large vessels have vasa vasorum |
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Term
| elastic arteries, where found? structure? synthesis by what? what limits stretch? tunicas comparison? Function of holes in elastic lamina? |
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Definition
| all arteries closest to heart (including arch + 3), tunica media - layers of smooth muscle with elastic laminas in between. muscle cells synth collagen & elastin, not fibroblasts. collagen fibers limit stretch. tunica adventitia less thick than media. Holes in elastic lamina allow nutrients to flow betw cells. |
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Term
| muscular artery. structure. elastic laminas? where found? What allows simultaneous contraction? |
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Definition
| external elastic lamina or membrane betw tunica media & adventitia. no fibroblasts (muscle cells synth everything). Internal elastic lamina only in arteries not veins (betw intima & media, composed of elastin). arch of aorta & its 3 branches. Gap junctions allow simultaneous contraction. |
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Term
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Definition
| no external/internal elastic lamina. media - 1 or 2 layers of smooth muscle (circular orientation). adventitia very thin. |
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Term
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Definition
| like arteriole but w muscle still present. |
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Term
| veins compared to arteries |
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Definition
| smaller tunica media, thinner walls, bigger lumen. Veins also have smooth muscle in adventitia (to constrict & move blood along) |
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Term
| metarteriole thoroughfare channel |
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Definition
| acts as a shunt to bypass capillaries when pre-capillary sphincters are constricted |
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Term
| pericytes. how contract? function? |
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Definition
| present in some capillaries. have contractile function via actin/myosin. help move blood thru cap. |
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Term
| continuous capillaries. absense of what? where found. why somewhat leaky? useful for what? what helps w/ t/p? |
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Definition
| no fenestrae. found everywhere. minocytotic vesicles (t/p stuff). leakier tight junctions (fewer sealing strands) allows diapidesis. Pinocytotic vesicles aid t/p. |
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Term
| fenestrated capillaries. where found? what do fenestrae have, except where? |
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Definition
| kidney, intestine, edocrine glands (lots of substance t/p) pores are bridged by thin diaphragm (except in renal glomerulus) |
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Term
| sinusoidal capillary. shape? where found. |
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Definition
| discontinuous endothelial cells. conform to structure they're in (shape). found in liver, hematopoietic organs (bone marrow) spleen. whole cells can pass thru. megakaryocytes use these (platelets) |
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Term
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Definition
| discontinuities between leaky endothelial cell tight junctions. water and hydrophilic molecules diffuse thru. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1. diffusion thru membrane. 2. thru intercellular clefts (water soluble stuff - small pores). 3. thru fenestrations (water soluble). 4. t/p via vesicles (large pores) |
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Term
| BBB blood brain barrier. how? what cell type helps? what part of brain not behind this? |
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Definition
| very tight like in epithelial cells. glial astrocytes foot processes wrap endothelial cells. pineal gland not behind BBB |
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Term
| arteriovenous anastomosis. what? where? |
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Definition
| arterioles and venules directly comm. erectile tissue & skin. |
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Term
| arterial portal system. what, where? |
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Definition
| kidney. glomerulus. areteriole - capillary - arteriole. |
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Term
| venous portal system what where? |
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Definition
| venule - capillary - venule. in liver |
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Term
| leucocytes cross what? what proteins? |
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Definition
| veins & capillaries. selectins, integrins. |
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Term
| selectins. what made of? 2 types where found? when expressed? in response to what? then function how? L selectin - what cell and what part of body? |
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Definition
| cell surface carbohydrate binding proteins - cell to cell adhesion. P & E selectins found in endothelial cells. during cell damage in response to release of chemokines. flag down leucocytes. L-selectin on lymphocytes (recognize carbs expressed on endothelial cells in lymph nodes & veins) thus go to lymph nodes. |
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Term
| endocardium. continuous w what? 2 layers? |
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Definition
| continuous w intima of blood vessels entering. 1. endothelium - simple squamus + fibroelastic C.T. 2. subendothelial layer - dense C.T. w purkinje fibers, small blood vessels, nerves |
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Term
| epicardium. also called? made of? contain what else? |
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Definition
| visceral layer of pericardium. loose C.T. contain coronary vessels. nerves, ganglia and fat. |
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Term
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Definition
| lipid deposits in intima of arteries - produce yellow swelling |
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Term
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Definition
| 1. damage to intima. 2. monocyte move in become macrophage go to clean up. 3. smooth muscle cell go to rebuild. 4. macrophage & smooth muscle become foam 5. fibrous cap formed. 6. calcification. |
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Term
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Definition
| exposure - form throbus clot - this can break off and get lodged in coronary artery etc. or thrombus can further occlude vessel. |
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Term
| Anchoring Fibrils - lymph? |
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Definition
| hold lymphatic vessels open & anchoring them to surrounding tissue. |
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Term
| valves in veins - made of? |
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Definition
| made of intima, reinforced with collagen & elastic fibers |
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Term
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Definition
| valves malfunction thus allowing backflow of blood & pooling |
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Term
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Definition
| fenestrae & transport vesicles |
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Term
| hyperlipidemia - risk? types of cholesterol? |
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Definition
| can lead to atherosclerosis. LDL - bad cholesterol (builds up) HDL - good cholesterol (reduce amt of LDL) |
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