Nativism

• perfected a machine that would spin cotton into cloth
• textile technology

• Inventor of the telegraph
• brought about the communication of ideas to America

• brought modern factories from Britain to America
• Used young girls as labor force and kept them under strict supervision

• arrive in cities eventually move west and farm
• come to America due to lack of farming money being made in Germany
• Highly value education
• Isolationism, Catholic

• 1st big immigrant group since english
• result of potato famine
• populate large, urban cities
• face heavy discrimination 
• became backbone of democratic party
• involved in police departments

• factory workers who experienced very poor working conditions, low pay, no breaks, and no sympathy for injuries etc. 
• mainly women and children

• Located in the West (now midwest)
• focused on cash crops
• Shift from farming for the family to farming to sell at a market

• private roads that you pay to use
• first built in 1790
• higher quality and maintained
• mainly east to west etc.

• man-made waterways that small boats could ship on
• 1825: Erie Canal connects Great Lakes to Hudson River

• 1830; rids of other transportation methods
• dominates era
• allowed national market economy to merge

• each region specializes in production 
• south: cotton
• west: corn
• east: factories/ textiles

• religion revival 1800-1830
• reaction against liberal thought
• splinters christianity even more
• major areas of movement: burned over district and the south
• a lot of conversions and more diversity forms

• NY 1848; convention for women's rights
• re-wrote the declaration to include that all men and women are created equal
• demanded suffrage
• Women rights activists: Susan B Anthony, Elizabeth Katie Stanton, Lucretia Mott

• Horrace Mann argued for mandatory training for teachers
• Noah Webster standardizes the eng language
• McGoffey creates elementary textbooks

• isolated communities set up to reach perfection
• Brook Farm: intellectual writers
• Oneida: everyone married, no parents...
• Shakers: religious, celibate, equal gender relations 

• Banning/limiting of alcohol in 1820s(-1850s)
• alcohol began to create negative effects on day to day life
• The American Temperance Society 1826 urged people not to drink

• along North and South border (Delaware, Missouri, Maryland, Kentucky)
• Mason-Dixon Line
• small slave population, no large plantations, more tobacco, have some industry

• Virginia, N. Carolina, Tennessee, Arkansas 
• Larger slave population than border states

• S. Carolina, Florida, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas
• Cotton production high
• very large slave population
• aristocracy rules
• heart of succession 

• wanted to end slavery and ship free slaves back to Africa
• They purchased Liberia for recolonization of the slaves
• only 15,000-20,000 slaves went back 

• William Loyd Garrison's Group but followers get tired of him and form the Anti-slavery and Foreign Society. 
• believed Garrison was too controversial 

• Af. Am. abolitionist who spoke with truth and conviction because he was a former slave. 
• Newspaper: 'The North Star'

• publish their own propaganda; 'slavery is ordained by god', slaves like slavery, and slavery is better than the wage slaves in the north

• mid 1830s, hate jackson, random ideology
• no common views
• belief in the american system
• reduce spoils system
• pro states rights
• gov involvement (contradictory) 

• common man
• anti-american stystem
• favor spoils system
• no gov involvement in people's lives

• God has destined the people to take the western land.
• Politically: gives more land to the common man--> makes them happy too
• Economically: more land, more soil, more production, more trade
• socially: whites will bring democracy to new lands

Election of 1844

Polk v. Clay

• Liberty party emerges, Tyler couldn't find a party to support him, Polk was compared to Jackson.
• Polk defeats Clay, 100% support Man. Dest.
• The Liberty party took votes away from Clay (whig party) to vote for their candidate Barnie... allowing polk to win.

1. Walker Tariff 1836: lower tariff from 32%-25%
2. No central bank; Independent Treasury: no private investments, totally run by the gov
3. Acquire Oregon from Britain
4. Acquire California from Mexico