Term
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Definition
- What Happened
- It was built by DeWitt Clinton; linked NYC with Lake Erie, making NYC the primary city in the US
- When it Happened
- Why do we care/why did it matter
- Helped with expansion and allowed for industrialism to spread
- Made shipping more economical/cheaper
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Term
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Definition
- What Happened
- Resulted from the Kansas-Nebraska Act (proposed by Stephen A. Douglas)
- Allowed for people in the new territories to vote about slavery (to resolve the Sectional Crisis)
- Mini civil war between pro- and anti-slavery proponents
- Pro-slavery men formed guerrilla bands to fight abolitionists
- Sacking of Lawrence (1856)
- Town of Lawrence attacked by pro-slavery men who destroyed town's anti-slavery press
- When it happened
- Why do we care/why did it matter
- Showed a split in the nation
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Term
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Definition
- What happened
- Nations "steel master"
- Started as a telegrapher for the railroad
- Became a millionaire through investment, built steel plant (Carnegie Steel)
- Great philanthropist
- Puts down strike by his workers for 8-hour day and higher wages by sending private army (Homestead Steel Strike, 1892)
- When it happened
- Why do we care/why did it matter
- Breaks union's power and reestablishes 12-hour work day
- Opposes American Imperialism
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Term
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Definition
- What happened
- First major engagement of Spanish-American War
- American Asiatic Squadron under Commodore George Dewey attacks and destroys Spanish fleet at Manila Bay (Philippines)
- When it happened
- Why do we care/why did it matter
- Led to the treaty of Paris which ended the war between US and Spain
- We take what we want, and we did, but by this point we had bitten off more than we could chew
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Term
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Definition
- What happened
- Zimmerman was a German diplomat in Mexico City
- Germany sends telegram to Zimmerman, announcing that it will declare unrestricted submarine warfare again and if US gets upset, Germany will form an alliance with Mexico to let them fight US
- GB decodes telegram and shows it to US
- Wilson asks Congress for declaration of War (April 1917)
- When it happened
- Why do we care/why did it matter
- Germany had promised that they would stop, and this showed that they weren't true to their world (shouldn't be trusted)
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Term
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Definition
- What happened
- Trend emerging after the end of WWI
- ended by Great Depression
- New American woman who
- smokes in public
- drinks
- wears straight down dresses that don't emphasize curves and show knees
- Excessive make-up
- Drive cars...
- When it happened
- Why do we care/why did it matter
- New women in the 20s
- changing the way we see them
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Term
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Definition
- What happened
- Test case against Butler-Bill
- Made it illegal to teach evolution in school (1925)
- John T. Scopes acted as a test teacher
- Got arrested
- Was defended by Clarence Darrow, prosecuted by W.J. Bryan
- When it happened
- Why do we care/why did it matter
- Case got huge international publicity
- Became important turning-point in American creation-evolution controversy
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Term
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Definition
- What happened
- Second Klan founded in 1915
- "last vestige of morality"
- promoted nativism (concern that vitality of America was being diluted by new immigrants from Eastern/Southern Europe)
- Were:
- Racist, anti-Communism
- Anti-Semitism
- Faded away in 1940s
- When it happened
- Why do we care/why did it matter
- Showed a strong disapproval (high commitment) by a specific group against immigrants
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Term
| The TVA (Tennessee Valley Authority) |
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Definition
- What Happened
- Created by Congress to provide economic development in Tennessee Valley region
- Was particularly affected by the Great Depression
- Government's first large economic development agency
- Used federal experts and electricity to modernize the region's economy and society
- When it happened
- Why do we care/why did it matter
- Allowed cheap electricity to be brought into the Tennessee Valley
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Term
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Definition
- What happened
- Program signed by Franklin D. Roosevelt, under which US supplied
- GB
- Soviet Union
- France
- China (other allies)
- with war materials in return for military bases ("Act to further promote the defense of the US")
- When it happened
- Why do we care/why did it matter
- Ended the neutrality of US
- Decisive step away from American non-interventionism
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Term
| The Big Three (Conferences) |
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Definition
- What happened
- The Big Three War Leaders
- Franklin D. Roosevelt (US)
- Winston Churchill (GB)
- Joseph Stalin (USSR)
- Tehran Conference
- First WWI conference between the Big Three with Stalin present
- plant final strategy for war against Nazi Germany and its allies
- Discuss opening a second front in Western Europe
- Yalta Conference
- The Big Three meet to discuss Europe's postwar organization
- War is almost over
- Bonds between allies weaken
- Debate between Soviet Union and US/GB over reconstruction of Eastern Europe
- Potsdam Conference
- Roosevelt replaced by Truman (less diplomatic, threatens Stalin with Atomic bomb)
- Churchill later replaced by Attlee
- When it happened
- Tehran (1943)
- Yalta (Feb 1945)
- Potsdam (July 1945)
- Why do we care/why did it matter
- Where the allies began to turn against eachother
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Term
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Definition
- What happened
- CIA pilot of American spy plane flying over Soviet Union to take pictures
- Plane gets shot down by Russian missile
- Powers gets arrested, confesses
- Eisenhower claims that place was a weather systems plane
- Russians have proof that it was a CIA plane
- Eisenhower admits lie
- When it happened
- Why do we care/why did it matter
- US is beginning to try to be sneaky
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Term
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Definition
- What happened
- Massacre committed by US troops of Charlie Company (20th regiment, let by William Calley in the village of My Lai during Vietnam War)
- Troops found no military men in the town, only women children and elderly
- Soldiers tortured, raped and killed between 400 and 600 fleeing people
- Stopped by American Helicopter pilot
- Only calley gets convicted (first life-long sentence)
- Shortened by Nixon to 20 years
- Later pardoned by Nixon
- When it happened
- Why do we care/why did it matter
- Didn't really care who we killed
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Term
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Definition
- What happened
- Music and art festival
- 40k tickets sold and 500k showed up
- Good trip
- Free love (drugs everywhere)
- One man was run over by a tractor
- Bad acid was going around
- There weren't any rules, if you want it, then you can use it (we're not stopping you)
- When it happened
- Why do we care/why did it matter
- It was a symbolism of our freedom
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Term
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Definition
- What happened
- Rock around the clock (youth anthem)
- Where did it come from
- Born from southern blues
- Went up into the northern cities
- Had vocalists, heavy lead guitars
- Had lyrics about things that people were concerned about
- Had messages (were supposed to be heavy lyrics)
- Alan Freed came up with the term: Rock and Roll
- When did it happen
- Why do we care/why did it matter
- Brought people together
- Started a revolution
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