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| one of Alexander II's Great Reforms |
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| Emancipation of the Peasants |
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| councils of the land; built schools, roads, etc. |
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| Critics of the new industrial world |
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| cotton mills; most famous model community |
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| co-writer of the Communist Manifesto |
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| Marx's Critique of Capitalism (3) |
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| exploitation of workers; anarchy of production; alienation of man |
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| Marx's Theory of Revolution |
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| class consciousness>>revolution>>socialism>>communism |
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| one of the reactions to the Industrial Revolution; for cooperation, against competition; state control of the means of production |
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| Community control of the means of production; complete democracy |
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| working body of radicals; Karl Marx was a member |
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| created by Marxists after Karl Marx died; peaceful transition |
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| expansion of country at expense of other, "weaker" countries |
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| ideological prop for imperialism |
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| term coined by Herbert Spencer |
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| Reverend dude; being rich was a natural gift |
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| believed it was Europeans responsiblity to take up the "White Man's Burden" |
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| to convert other colonies to Christianity |
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vertical social order;
1. brahmans & priests
2. kshatiyas or warriors
3. vaishyas; merchants & farmers
4. shudras; laborers & serfs
5. harijans; ppl engaged in tasks considered polluting ie. work w/ animal carcasses & skins |
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| horizontal castes; cultural and occupation divisions within the varnas |
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| one banished from jatis(castes) |
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| molded traditional Hindu beliefs into political message; preached non-violent civil disobedience |
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| India's first and most important political party |
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| president of China; embraced Western ideas; father of modern China |
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| set up a military dictatorship in China |
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| Mao Ze Dong & Zhou En Lai |
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| leaders of communist movement favoring the vast peasant majority in China |
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| generalissimos who ruled Japan |
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| Japan's traditional religion; emperor is God |
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| Japan's traditional warriors |
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| Russo-Japan War (1904-1905) |
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| caused by territorial disputes; Japan wins against Russia |
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| the "Queen of the Sudan"; Mali's leading city |
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| France, Russia, Great Britain |
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| no. 1 warmonger of WWI (the Great War) |
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| Archduke Francis Ferdinand |
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| assassination was immediate cause of WWI |
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| terrorist organization with support of Serbian gov.; operated in Bosnia |
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| guy that assassinated Archduke Francis Ferdinand |
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| Austrian territories in Balkans; part of Balkan Powder Keg |
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| France, Russia, Britain, Italy, U.S., Serbia |
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| Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire |
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| Tanks, Submarines, Planes |
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| important new military weapons of WWI |
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| War fought in trenches on western front of WWI |
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| agency created after WWI to guarantee peace, U.S. refuses to join |
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| Why does U.S. refuse to join the League of Nations? |
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| because of an isolation mood which set in after WWI |
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| U.S. president during WWI |
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| part of Treaty of Versailles; put all the blame on Germany |
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| Why the War Guilt Clause and hatred of France toward Germany? |
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| because WWI was fought mostly on France soil |
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| Russian Industrial Revolution |
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| different kind of industrial revolution--engineered by the gov. |
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| Finance Minister; directed Russian Revolution |
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| parliamentary body with limited power |
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| Russian guy went to war, wife left in charge--bad decision |
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| "Mad Monk"; Alexandria's trusted advisor |
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| Stolypin's neckties; Minister of the Interior; attacked the mir(commune) system |
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| leader of the Provisional Government |
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| Socialist Revolutionaries |
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| favored the peasants; believed gov. needed overhaul; wanted communal society; hated Stolypin |
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| Socialist Revolutionary dude |
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| Lenin's right-hand man; Commissar--traveled around inspiring troops |
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| selected by Duma to take over |
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| Reds-Bolsheviks; Whites-lost |
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| combination of socialism & capitalism; introduced by Lenin |
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| Stalin's Revolution from _____ |
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| hyper-industrialization program |
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| collective farms on which peasants would work for state |
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| get rid of ppl in party that were criticizing |
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| Italy; far right response; idea-strength through unity; foundation-conception of the state; more focues on conflict of social classes; complete opposite of Marxism |
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| takes power of Italy through March on Rome |
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| who March on Rome was against |
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| Mussolini vs. Victor Emmanuel II |
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| try to overthrow Weimar Gov. |
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| My Struggles; Hitler's memoirs |
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| "living space"; German territorial expansion |
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| Hitler has his opponents rounded up & shot |
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| fire at Parliament; Hitler blames Communists-lie; puts Germany into state of emergency |
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| gave power to Hitler for 4 yrs |
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| Hitler's political police |
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| strong arm of Hitler's party |
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Allies:
Great Britain, France, Soviet Union, U.S., China
Axis:
Japan, Germany, Italy |
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| implementation of Hitler's idea of the final solution |
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| front on which WWII was won |
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| Soviets vs. U.S. due to misunderstandings b/t |
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1. social & economic injustices
2. organization of society
3. cooperation
4. solidarity
5. democracy |
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| _____ hit hardest during recessions. |
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| Alexander II's Great Reforms:(5) |
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1. emancipation of serfs
2. military
3. judiciary
4. dumas/zemstvos
5. censorship |
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| Causes of imperialism: (4) |
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1. new materials
2. Christianity
3. Social Darwinism
4. nationalism |
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| Effects of imperialism:(4) |
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native peoples:
+ "progress"
- exploitation
Europeans:
+ economic benefits for investors
- increased taxes & internatl. tensions |
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1. b-priests
2. k-warriors
3. v-merchants, farmers
4. s-serfs, laborers
5. harijans |
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| Japan's sneak attack on _____ - Russia's Pacific base |
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| Causes of the Great War (WWI): (4) |
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1. entire scenario: nationalism, militarism, imperialism fueled arms race
2. failure of statesmanship
3. the "powder keg" situation in the Balkans
4. German military dudes favored war |
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| Battle of the Somme River |
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| Russian Industrial Revolution based on _____, ie _____. |
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| infrastructure, railroads |
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| one result of Industrial Revolution |
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| creation of working class |
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| Mistakes of Provisional Government: (3) |
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1. wouldn't leave war
2. wouldn't formally allow peasants to take land
3. wouldn't hold election |
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| Soviet Union fought on ____ side. |
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| Lenin - "____, ____, & ____" |
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| problems w/ Weimar Republic: (3) |
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1. weak
2. non-Germans
3. signed Treaty of Versailles |
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| Treaty of Versailles: (4) |
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1. divided German lands
2. Article 231 - Germany blamed
3. war reparations paid by Germany
4. Germans feel backstabbed |
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Nazi Party = _____
Why add socialist?
were they socialist? |
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Nationalist Socialist Workers Party
- to compete w/socialist party
- NOT really socialist |
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| Ruler of Japan officially |
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| Socialist Revolutionaries favored _____. |
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| Bolsheviks AND Mensheviks favored ____. |
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1. economic dislocation
2. discontent w/ Treaty of Versailles
3. rise of dictators |
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| Nazism & Fascism commonalities: |
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1. violence
2. military
3. anti-modern
4. charismatic leadership |
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| Robert Owen's model socialist community was located in _____. |
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| Russian Industrial Revolution - _____ taxed heavily. |
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| Direct causes of Hitler's rise to power: (3) |
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1. Reichstag Fire
2. Night of the Long Knives
3. Enabling Act |
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| ______ killed during WWII. |
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