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| Articles of Confederation |
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| 1st frame of government for United States; in effect from 1781-1788, it provided for a weak central authority and was soon replaced by the Constitution. |
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| Emancipation Proclamation |
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| Document passed/written by President Abraham Lincoln to free all slaves in the confederacy. Freed slaves were now authorized enrollment into the union army. |
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| He lost in election for senator to Abraham Lincoln and was the sponsor of the Kansas Nebraska Act. He was also a huge supporter of popular sovereignty. |
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| He served as a General in the Union Army during the American Civil War (1861–65), for which he received recognition for his outstanding command of military strategy as well as criticism for the harshness of the "scorched earth" policies that he implemented in conducting total war against the Confederate States. |
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| was an African American writer and social reformer. After being freed from slavery, he became a huge advocate for slavery. He was living proof that African Americans could be educated and well-functioning in the political world. |
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| Missouri Compromise of 1820 |
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| was proposed during the Monroe presidency by Henry Clay. And it prohibited slavery in the former Louisiana territory except within the boundaries of the state of Missouri. It was later repealed by the Kansas-Nebraska Act. |
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| Supreme Court rules African Americans are not citizens; cannot sue in court. Scott had tried to sue to be freed after his slave owner, Dr. Emerson, moved his family to Illinois (a free state). Ruling- federal government has no right to regulate slavery. |
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| Devoted to the welfare of the mentally ill. 32 institutions were developed by her. She wrote many textbooks, with her most famous, Conversations on Common Things, published in 1824. She was also a very active nurse in the Civil War. She saved many lives in this time and then went back to serving the mentally ill short after. Activist created the 1st generation of American mental asylum. During civil war served as a nurse. Prison reform. Believed in separating mentally ill from regular society thought jails should be clean and nicely lit. People in jail should be taught a trade. |
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| Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo |
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| peace treaty signed between United States and Mexico that ended the Mexican-American War. United States paid Mexico 15 million dollars and in return received ownership of multiple states. Mexicans who were currently residing within these states had the choice of either moving into new Mexican boundaries or staying in their homes and becoming US citizens. |
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| U.S. scandal involving members of President Andrew Jackson's Cabinet and their wives. |
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| a practice where a political party, after winning an election, gives government jobs to its supporters, friends and relatives as a reward for working toward victory, and as an incentive to keep working for the party. |
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| consisted of three mutually reinforcing parts: a tariff to protect and promote American industry; a national bank to foster commerce; and federal subsidies for roads, canals, and other 'internal improvements' to develop profitable markets for agriculture." Congressman Henry Clay was the plan's foremost proponent and the first to refer to it as the “American System” |
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| The purchase of the territory of Louisiana took place during the Presidency of Thomas Jefferson. The acquisition by the United States of America in 1803 of France's claim to the territory of Louisiana. The U.S. paid a total sum of 15 million dollars, for the Louisiana territory. |
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| landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court formed the boundary between the constitutionally separate executive and judicial branches of the American form of government. |
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| a political and diplomatic episode, in the administration of John Adams, involving a confrontation between the United States and Republican France that led to an undeclared war --called the Quasi-War. |
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| Tax was placed onto alcoholic beverages—whiskey was most popular at this time. Many farmers and western citizens protested and rebelled to the tax because this is how they made their money. |
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| was a 1795 treaty between the United States and Great Britain that is credited with averting war, resolving issues remaining since the Treaty of Paris of 1783 (which ended the American Revolution), and facilitating ten years of peaceful trade between the United States and Britain in the midst of the French Revolutionary Wars. |
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| It centered on the belief that the patriots' daughters should be raised to uphold the ideals of republicanism, in order to pass on republican values to the next generation. On the one hand, it reinforced the idea of a domestic women's sphere separate from the public world of men. On the other hand it encouraged the education of women and invested their "traditional" sphere with a dignity and importance that had been missing from previous conceptions of Women's work. |
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| group of 2000 angry farmers. Daniel Shay led the group of rebels (called Shaysites) in rising up first against Massachusetts' courts, and later in marching on the United States' Federal Armory at Springfield in an unsuccessful attempt to seize its weaponry and overthrow the government |
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