Term
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Definition
Time: 1910
Def:Secret military society of Bosnian-Serb nationalists. Had connections with Serbia, apart of WWI
Sig: secret movement, assassinations, Gavrillo Princip, cause of the assassination of Arch Duke Franz Ferdinan, Starts WWII, nationalist movement |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1914
Definition: The alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy
Sig:Alliances were made to create balance, however it does the opposite. Small to large conflict. Leads to WWI |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1914
Def: The Alliance of France, Great Britain and Russia
Sig: Alliances were made to create balance, however it does the opposite. Small to large conflict. Leads to WWI |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1904
Def: A plan developed 20 years before WWI by Alfred Von Schlieffen. It said that the Germans hoped to quickly defeat France before Russia could mobilize their forces
Sig: Failed. Russia mobilized quicker than they thought which meant a two front war for Germany |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1914
Def: The area between the trenches of two opposing armies
Sig: Creates anger, 'suicide attacks', walk into open fire, apart of traditional warfare, little land gained. |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1910
Def: A conventional military strategy, with small territorial gains and march into machine gun fire.
Sig: represents suicide, loss of confidence in leaders, hopelessness of attacks, end of traditional warfare |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1916
Def: One of the major battles of WWI between France and Germany, ended with French tactical victory
Sig: Longest battle of WWI |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1917
Def: Treaty between Russia and the Central powers
Sig: turning point, Russia's exit of WWI, Russian Revolution begins |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1920
Def: A settlement imposed on Germany by the Allied powers after the end of WWI, It demanded major reparartions
Sig: territory was given to France, Denmark and Poland. Coal mines in saar for 15 years. Disarmed Germany which angered them. Article 231 war guilt clause, pay 33 Billion dollars |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1919
Def: An intergovernmental organization founded as a result of the Paris Peace Confrence. Ended WWI. Its mission was to maintain world peace
Sig: Failed, no military to enforce, and not all major countries involved (US). First UN. Leads to ethnic cleansing. |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1929
Def: The severe worldwide economic depression. Began on 'black tuesday'.
Sig: The economy was in shambles globally. Helped Hitler into Germany. The New Deal. Abandoned the gold standard. |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1933
Def: economic programs apart of Franklin D. Roosevelt's election package
Sig:Currency management. Social Security. Maximum hours. Minimum wages. Welfare. "What the state owes workers." |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1920's & 1930's
Def: An authoritarian and nationalist right-wing system of government. Militaristic, total state control, ethnic belonging
Sig: Survival of the fittest. Hitler. Mussolini. Protection for the little men. |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1930's and 1940's
Def: Austrian born German politician. Chancellor of Germany and then head of state. Most commonly associated with the rise of fascism in Europe, WWII and the holocaust
Sig: the rise of hitler lead to the Holocaust and WWII |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1930's and 1940's
Def: An Italian politician who led the National fascist party
Sig: Key figures in the creation of fascism. Charasmatic and right-wing. Promised pride in one's nation, protection for the little men, total state control. |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1930's and 1940's
Def: A german politician and Reich minister of propaganda in Nazi Germany
Sig: Organized Kristallnact. Key to Nazi rise to power, Key to Nazi success |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1930's and 1940's
Def: a croatian fascist movement with training in Italy and Hungary. Ethnic cleansing against Serbs, Jews and Romani people. Puppet regime for Nazis
Sig: Leads to ethnic cleansing, Ethnic Nationalism and the principle of self-determination |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1938-1939
Def: Secret agreement for Germany to avoid a two front war. Soviet zone and German zone. Divides Poland. Treaty of non-agression between Germany andSoviet Union
Sig: Takes care of two front war problem, occupying Poland that starts WWII. Ends when Germany invades Soviet Union |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1940's
Def: A French government that succeeded the Third republic. Southern France, Hitler Loyal
Sig: Reminds us that Europeans were cooperators and Collaborators. Kept their heads down and followed |
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Term
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Definition
Time: August 1942
Def: Major battle of WWII between soviet union and Germany. Was very brutal. Germany wanted access to Soviet oil
Sig: turning point of WWII, end of German expansion |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1940's
Def: Research and development program led by the US with participation from the United Kingdom and Canada. It provided the first atomic bomb during WWII.
Sig: Beginning of nuclear warfare |
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Term
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Definition
Time: Late 1930's and Early 1940's
Def: SS paramilitary death squads that were responsible for mass killings of Jews
Sig: responsible for the murders of over 1,000,000 people. First Nazi organizations to commence mass killings of Jews as an organized policy. Babi Yar (33,771 killed in two days) and Rumbula (25,000 killed in two days) |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1943
Def: The Jewish resistance that arose within the Warsaw ghetto in German occupied Poland during WWII. Ultamately, the Jewish lost
Sig: Largest Jewish uprising. The resistance movements left the legacy of fighting rather than obeying the state. |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1942
Def: The most deadly phase of the Holocaust. Nazi Germany's plan and excecution of the systematic genocide of Jews during WWII through slave labor, evacuation and extermination
Sig: Gas was used for the first time. "They've got to go". Top down to get rid of Jews. The official start of the Holocaust as mass murder. |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1940's
Def: a pesticide infamous for its use by Nazi Germany to kill humans in gas chambers of extermination camps during the Holocaust
Sig: was used on 3 million people. New form of killing. Systematic |
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Term
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Definition
Time: July- August 1945
Def: A confrence including Truman, Stalin and Rooselt (US, UK, Soviet Union) to decide how to administer punishment to Nazi Germany, establish post-war order, peace treaty issues, and countering effects of the war
Sig: the free elections of Poland were not followed and the expulsions created more anger between the Polish and German |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1942
Def: An international organization of countries set up in 1942 in succession to the league of nations to promote international peace, security and cooperation
Sig: Legacy of the league of nations. No repeated mistakes. Peace in the World. has armed troops and all major countries were included. |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1940's
Def: A program of financial aid and other initiatives sponsored by the US. Designed to boost the economics of Western European countries after WWII. Advocated by George C. Marshall
Sig: Helped Europe recover from WWII and contributed to the cold war because it angered Stalin because he saw this as an interference under his sphere of influence |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1940's
Def: A concept by Winston Churchill that symbolized the ideological fighting and physical boundary dividing Europe into 2 seperate areas from the end of WWII until the end of the Cold War
Sig: On either side of the curtain states developed their own economic and military alliances |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1940's
Def: Military defense alliance, North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Keep the Russians out, the Americans in, and the Germans down
Sig: A major international structure |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1960's
Definition-Economic treaty between European countries involving common currency of the Euro
Significance- Problems with less wealthy countries like Greece and Spain. Failed to introduce universal constitution. Nationalism still present. |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1980's
Definition- Iron Lady, Prime minister of Great Britain, Conservative party, Deregulated business and decrease subsidies
Significance- Represents right wing swing of 1980s, product of recession in 70s |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1990's
Definition-Economic treaty between European countries involving common currency of the Euro
Significance- Problems with less wealthy countries like Greece and Spain. Failed to introduce universal constitution. Nationalism still present. |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1990's
Definition-Serb nationalist leader, former communist, and the leader of Serbian nation from 1991-2001
Significance- Uses ethnic nationalist rhetoric to gain power, leads to Yugoslav wars and in turn ethnic cleansing and ethnic nationalism |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1990's
Definition- Serbian paramilitary units, not government run, lead by Arkan.
Significance- Took part in extremely brutal ethnic cleansing. Represents the paramilitary units in this war, government cease fires didn’t apply to them. |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1995
Def: United nation's designated safe area, mountain town in Croatia. Got overrun by Serbs
Sig: Paramilitary organizations in the area did not respect the UN which led to loss of faith in the UN because of this |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1995
Def: Meeting in Dayton Ohio involving the people involved in the Yugoslav wars to discuss dividing Bosnia
Sig: There was a geographic problem. No easy price for peace. |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1800's
Def: a German philosopher, economist, sociologist, historian, journalist, and revolutionary socialist. His ideas played a significant role in the development of social science and the socialist political movement. He published various books during his lifetime, with the most notable being The Communist Manifesto (1848) and Capital (1867 Marx's theories about society, economics and politics, which are collectively known as Marxism, hold that all societies progress through the dialectic of class struggle.
Sig: Marxist Communism has been the one of the most influential ideological developments. He was popular because he talked about problems many people felt. Inspired socialist movements of workers and intulects against the grim harshness of Europe's industrialization. |
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Term
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Definition
Time: 1919
Def: the parliamentary republic established in 1919 in Germany to replace the imperial form of government. Social Democratic (Reform Socialism). a new constitution for the German Reich was written, then adopted.
Sig: failure of democracy in Germany contributes to the rise of Hitler and Nazis |
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