Term
|
Definition
| Defeated the Carthaginians at Zama in 202 BC one of the most crucial battles of all time; but first he stablished Roman power in Spain by using the navy to get behind their army |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Country that held on as a power and fought a series of wars with Rome until the Roman legions smashed the phalanx at Cynocephalae; organization and mobility triumped over mass |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A high offical in the Roman state just under the consuls who were the chief executives; these men were judges to show the importance of rule of law rather than persons in Rome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Member of the 2nd triumvirate who emerged triumphant over Marc Antonty who had delivered Caesers funeral oration but when the got mixed up with cleopatra |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Was a consul and then a senator but best kown as an orator and writer of realtively short tracts like on friendship or on old age a writer of the so-called golden age of latin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tribunes who tried to reform land tenure and save the small farmer by breaking up the latifundia; they were assassinated as the crisis of the Republic deepened |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| River on which Rome is situated; it did not provide enough water for the city so aquaducts had to be built but it did offer a convenient sewer and the cloaca maxima flowed into it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Truely a great military leader, he defeated the Romans at the battle of Cannae, a classic double envelopment still studied today; but not having a strong navy he lost in the end |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Last King of Rome, he was hatedso cordially that rome could never again even flirt with the idea of kingship; an emperor was alright but not a king |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Peopled by the Celts, this land was vast and the population so numerous that it expanded all over the Mediterranean world from the far end of Spain to central Turkey and even Poland |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Small stream in north-central Italy tha formed the offical border of Rome; to take an army across it into Roman territory was forbidden because of the political threat that it represented |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Immensly popular roman whose conquests, shrewdly publisized, enabled him to emerge as top dog in the First Triumvirate; he was made dictator for life a bad move for the Republic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ex-magistrates whose political expertise was appreciated to such an extent that they controlled the two most vital functions of any state namely finances and war-making |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Member of the First Triumvirate who lost at Pharsalus over on the Greek side of the Aegean; he had been a great general and won victories in the East but lost his base in Italy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The lower class of Romans in tension with the patricians over a course of time roughly parallel to the Greeks as they developed democracy; the result in Rome was the republic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Loser in the naming contest for Rome as his twim brother beat him out; but both were much later than the ''real' founders Aeneas and his son Ascanias who came from Troy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Along with Marius, a dictator who refused to resign at the manditory time of 6mos due to a weakness in the Roman constitution (unwritten) limiting emergencies to six months |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A good example of how Greek culture, under an imperial commission he wrote an epic poem in dactylic hexameter similar to the Iliad and the Odyssey |
|
|
