Term
| Where are the two most common areas which hip fractures occur? |
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Definition
| Extracapsular or trochanteric, Femoral neck (intracapsular), and proximal femoral shaft |
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Term
| What is the most common complication of hip fractures? |
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Definition
| Avascular necrosis of the femoral head |
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Term
| True or False: Arterial thrombosis is the most common complication after hip fracture in the elderly. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three clinical complications associated with subtrochanteric fractures? |
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Definition
| Mal-union, delayed union and nonunion |
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Term
| What is the most important criteria used to progress a patient with a hip fracture from the maximum to minimum phase of rehab? |
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Definition
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Term
| What exercises are commonly done in the maximum phase of rehab after a ORIF for a fractured hip? |
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Definition
| Active ankle pumps, isometric quad sets, gluteal sets, heel slides, hip abd and add, and supine IR and ER. |
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Term
| True or False: during the max protection phase, exercises should be done sub-maximally. |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False: treadmill walking can be done in the late healing phase of a fractured hip rehab program. |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False: exercises which combine diagonal or rotatory forces are contraindicated in the late phase of rehab following a fractured hip. |
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Definition
| False, they contraindicated in the early phase |
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Term
| Name two exercises which are contraindicated in the early phase of rehab following a hip fracture treated with ORIF. |
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Definition
| Active SLR and supine hip bridges |
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Term
| What weight bearing status is encouraged 2 days post-operatively? |
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Definition
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Term
| When can closed chain exercises be added to a post-op ORIF hip fracture? |
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Definition
| When the patient has achieved FWB status |
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Term
| True or False: hemiarthroplasties are commonly performed in patients with arthritis. |
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Definition
| False, since this procedure requires a normal acetabular surface it is not done with arthritic patients. |
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Term
| True or False: the most significant complication after THR is thromboembolic disease. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a common complication that patients experience after noncemented THR? |
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Definition
| Thigh pain with an antalgic gait (painful limp gait) |
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Term
| True or False: cemented THR patients should be able to achieve FWB status by 8 weeks post-op. |
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Definition
| False, three weeks post-op |
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Term
| What are the universal hip precautions associated with a posterior approach for a THR? |
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Definition
| Avoid hip adduction, IR and flexion beyond 90 degrees and the combination of motions for up to 4 months post-op. |
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Term
| What are some functional activities that are contraindicated following a posterior THR? |
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Definition
| Do not sit in low chairs, cross legs, sleep on the side, avoid bending over, and do not squat. |
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Term
| True or False: Legg-Perthes disease is caused by avascular necrosis to the femoral head in growing children. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the goals of treatment for Legg-Perthes disease? |
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Definition
| Maintaining the femoral head in the acetabulum, regaining motion and reducing pain and dysfunction. |
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Term
| True or False: the Thomas test is used to assess tightness in the ITB. |
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Definition
| False, its used to check tightness in the Iliopsoas. |
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Term
| True or False: a + positive Ober test is commonly seen with trochanteric bursitis. |
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Definition
| True, stretching to the ITB is an important part of the rehab |
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Term
| What combined motions should be avoided in the acute phase of a hamstring strain? |
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Definition
| Full knee extension combined with forward trunk flexion and full leg flexion. |
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Term
| What structures does the Faber Test access? |
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Definition
| hip joint, SI joint, iliopsoas spasm |
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Term
| What muscle strength does the Trendelenburg test access? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What tests access the length of the rectus femoris? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What anatomical landmarks are used to measure a true leg length? |
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Definition
| ASIS and the medial malleolus |
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Term
| What combined motions are performed to assess a piriformis syndrome? |
|
Definition
| Passive Hip flexion concurrent with IR or resistring hip extension and hip ER |
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Term
| What hip imbalances are associated with an anterior pelvic tilt posture? |
|
Definition
| Short TFL and IT band, limitation in ER, weakness in the gluteus medius and piriformis |
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Term
| What hip imbalances are associated with a slouched posture? |
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Definition
| Shortened Rectus Femoris and hamstrings, weakness in the iliopsoas and gluteus medius, gluteus maximus |
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Term
| What hip imbalances are associated with a flat back posture? |
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Definition
| Shortened Rectus Femoris and IT band and gluteus maximus |
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Term
| What exercises should be used to correct a slouched posture? |
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Definition
| Stretch the Rectus Femoris and hamstrings and strengthen the iliopsoas and gluteus medius, gluteus maximus |
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Term
| What exercises should be used to correct an anterior pelvic tilt posture? |
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Definition
| Stretch TFL and IT band and the internal rotators, strengthen the gluteus medius and piriformis |
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Term
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Definition
| Contusion to subcutaneous tissues of the iliac crest |
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Term
| In an open kinetic chain, what direction would a PT mobilize the head of the femur to gain IR? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the ROM percautions associated with a THR performed with an anterior approach? |
|
Definition
| Avoid flexion >90 degrees, hip extension, adduction and ER past neutral |
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|
Term
| What is the normal end feel for hip flexion? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What goniometric measurements of the hip can be taken in the supine position? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What MMT tests are performed in the sidelying position? |
|
Definition
| Hip flexion and extension for grades 2,1, and 0. |
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Term
| What MMT tests can be performed in the sitting postion? |
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Definition
| Hip IR and ER for grades 3, 4 and 5, and hip flexion grades 3,4, and 5. |
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Term
| What muscles insert into the greater trochanter of the femur? |
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Definition
| Piriformis, Obturator Internus, Gemellus Superior, Gemullus Inferior, Gluteus Minimus, Gluteus Medius |
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Term
| What areas of the pelvis do the adductor muscles origin from? |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False: the origin of the gluteus maximus is posterior to the origin of the gluteus medius on the iliac crest. |
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Definition
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Term
| The origins of what three muscles can be felt if you palpate the ischial tuberosity? |
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Definition
| Semitendinosus, biceps femoris and semimembraneous |
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Term
| On the posterior aspect of the knee what is the correct order of muscles going from lateral to medial? |
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Definition
| Iliotibial tract, biceps femoris, semitendinosus, gracilis and sartorius (Trail Guide page 321) |
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Term
| What muscle lies deep to the semitendinosus and gracilis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What muscle can adduct the hip as well as flex and medially rotate the knee. |
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Definition
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Term
| What muscle can flex, abduct and laterally rotate the hip as well as flex and medially rotate the knee? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following muscles cannot flex the hip? Gluteus Minimis, Tensor fascia latae, Psoas Major or Pectineus |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following muscles is not innervated by two different nerves? Biceps femoris, Adductor Magnus, Tensor fascia latae, pectineus |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the capsular pattern of the hip? |
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Definition
| Flexion loss is greater than abduction and abduction loss is greater than IR. Another way you may see it written is Flex>ABD>IR |
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Term
| When offering resistance for hip abduction, hand placement should be where in relation to the knee? |
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Definition
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Term
| When the patient is in the sidelying position, what muscle group would you be testing if they are moving the leg they are lying on towards midline? |
|
Definition
| Adductors longus, brevis, magnus, Pectineus and Gracilis |
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Term
| When testing 4/5 MMT for Hip extension, what is the resistance direction that needs to be offered? |
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Definition
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Term
| When measureing ROM for hip external rotation, the patient is in the sitting position with hip and knee flexed to 90 degrees, what direction does the foot move inward or outward? |
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Definition
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