Term
| State the order of the 5 blood vessels that blood travels in after leaving the heart. |
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Definition
| arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins |
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Term
| What happens to the blood pressure when the blood travels away from the heart? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the central space or cavity of blood vessels. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the lining of blood vessels that is a thin layer of cells. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which feature of arteries allows them to withstand the high blood pressure? |
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Definition
| outer layer of elastic tissue / thick elastic walls |
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Term
| What happens to the elastic walls of ateries to accomodate the surge of blood after each contraction of the heart? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which feature of arterioles allows them to vasodilate / vasoconstrict? |
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Definition
| middle layer of smooth muscle tissue |
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Term
| How do arteries control blood flow? |
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Definition
| the smooth muscle can contract causing vasoconstriction or relax causing vasodilation |
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Term
| Which type of blood vessel has the widest lumen? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the funcction of valves? |
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Definition
| prevent the backflow of blood |
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Term
| Which type of blood vessel has valves? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is the blood flow to the skeletal muscle increased during exercise? |
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Definition
| vasodilation of the arterioles supplying the skeletal msucles (& vasoconstriction to other parts of the body e.g. digestive system) |
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Term
| What is the role of capillaries? |
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Definition
| to allow exchange of substances with the tissue cells |
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Term
| What feature of capillaries allows quick and efficient exchange of materials? |
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Definition
| capillary walls are only one cell thick |
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Term
| What causes pressure filtration? |
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Definition
| higher pressure in arterioles compared to capillaries |
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Term
| What is the effect of pressure filtration at a capillary bed? |
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Definition
| forces plasma (the liquid part of the blood) out of the capillaries into the tissues forming tissue fluid |
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Term
| What is not filtered out of the blood plasma at a capillary bed because of they are too big? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which substances would diffuse from tissue fluid into the cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which process causes fluid to re-enter the blood plasma at the venule end of a capillary bed? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the role of the lymph vessels in a capillary bed? |
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Definition
| absorb the the excess tissue fluid |
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Term
| How are the walls of veins different to walls of arteries? |
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Definition
| veins have thinner walls / they have thinner layers of elastic tissue and smooth muscle |
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Term
| What is the feature of veins that helps them to keep the blood flowing despite it being at low pressure flowing against gravity? |
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Definition
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