Hermes and Dionysos, 300-250 B.C., Artist: Praxiteles

Most celebrated work of the greatest sculptor of all-time.

Taller, more slender than previous sculptures.

**S-curve is always 4th Century**

Derveni Krater, 350 B.C.

Volute krater

Great Altar of Zeus, Pergamon, 166-156 B.C.

Ionic order, but the frieze was built below the collanade making it easier to construct/carve and admire

**Dynamic use of drapery is characteristic of the Hellenistic period**

**Heightened muscle definition is characteristic of the Hellenistic period**

Laocoon and His Sons, 2nd or 1st century B.C., Artists: Agesander, Athenodoros, Polydoros

Was considered the most beautiful piece of art in the world in its time.

Was the direct inspiration of the male nudes in the Sistine Chapel.

Was the first piece in the Vatican Museum of Art.

Aphrodite of Melos, 150-100 B.C.

The most famous example of Greek art in modern times.

**An example of classicizing Greek art.**

Has characteristics of both Classical and Hellenistic periods.

Drapery indicates Hellenistic

Expression indicates Classical

Sarcophagus with a Reclining Couple, 520 B.C., Etruscan

Etruscan women had higher social status than in Greece

Sanctuary of Fortuna Primigenia, Palestrina, 100 B.C., Rome

Most impressive and innovative use of architectural/structural concrete in the Republic at the time

The top had a temple dedicated to Fortuna

Second Style, Architectural Vista, Villa of Mysteries, Pompeii, 50 B.C.

¨       Shows the initiation rites to the cult of Dionysus

Ø  Base- Dado

Ø  Frieze- Where the story is

Ø  Top band- Cornice

¨       An effective means of increasing square footage without increasing cost

Ø  Gives the illusion that the room is bigger than it really is

·           Room with a view

Fourth Style, Fresco, Ixion Room, House of the Vetii, Pompeii, A.D. 70-79

Combination of the first, second, and third styles

First: illusion of thin slabs of colored marble

Second: Room with a view, added depth

Third: Fanciful, delicate elements with single vignette at the bottom

Augustus of Primaporta, 20 B.C., Early Imperial Period

Polykleitus' canon

Statue of Caesar Augustus (Octavian)

To be an Augustus, you had to be head of the military, church, and government.

Shows 5th century B.C. Classical Greek characteristics

Breastplate shows barbarian chieftain returning the Roman standard back to Octavian (symbolic of Pax Romana)

Colossuem (Flavian Amphitheatre), Rome, A.D. 72-80

**The largest amphitheatre that Rome would build**

**The Colosseum was where the emperor met and controlled the people of Rome**

Holds 3x as many people as the Conference Center

Families would attend together but never sit as one

The floor was covered in sand, which absorbed the blood and made it easier to clean up after an event

Floor was waterproof, which allowed for flooding and sea battles

Arch of Titus, Rome, A.D. 81

**Triumphal arch**

Spanned the Via Sacra, Rome's most sacred road

Structure (barrel vault) was merely a base for an enormous trophy

Celebrated Rome's destruction of Jerusalem

Relief, Spoils from the Temple of Solomon, passageway of the Arch of Titus

Evidence that the temple treasures were taken back to Rome

No one knew what happened to them until an inscription was found that said that they were used to finance the construction of the Colosseum