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| rod shaped structures found in the nucleus of every cell in an organism. |
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| process of cell division in which sex cells (sperm and egg) are produced. |
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| chromosomes that determine the sex of an organism; X and Y chromosomes. |
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| sudden change in a gene or chromosome. |
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| factors, such as radiation and certain chemicals that cause mutations. |
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| molecule that stores and passes on genetic information from one generation to the next. |
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| process in which DNA molecules form exact duplicates. |
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| building blocks of protein |
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| nucleic acid that "reads" the genetic information carried by DNA and guides protein synthesis. |
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