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Heredity Chpt 29 Bio 152
Heredity Chpt 29 Bio 152
51
Biology
Undergraduate 1
06/22/2011

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Term

Theon a chromosome where

a specific gene can be found

is its____

Definition
locus
Term

Greater ability to express

self is ____

Definition
Dominant
Term

an allele that is masked

by another allele for the

same trait is_____

Definition
Recessive
Term

_____refers to particular

genes an individual carries.

Definition
Genotype
Term

____refers to an individual's

observable traits.

Definition
phenotype
Term

Which particular genes

an individual has is ____

Definition
genotype
Term

What does it mean to

be homozygous?

Definition
having two identical alleles at a locus
Term

What does it mean to

be heterozygous?

Definition
having two different alleles at a locus
Term

Mendel was the first to

study genetics using what

type of organism?

Definition
pea plants
Term

An individual inherits a

unit of information ____

about a triat from each parent.

Definition
allele
Term

Members of each pair of

homologous chromosomes

are sorted into gametes at

____ during meiosis.

Definition
random
Term
When does crossing over occur?
Definition
during prophase I of meiosis
Term
What is Punnett square used for?
Definition
predicts odds of having kids with certain characterics
Term

What is the % of an offspring

not being able to roll his tongue

with the following genes

 

Mom Tt

Dad Tt

 

Definition
25%
Term

____ are carriers who do not

express the trait but can pass

it on to their offspring

Question 90?

TEST

Definition
Heterozygotes
Term

______ individuals have an

intermediate phenotype

Definition
Heterozygous
Term

Sickle cell is what type

of dominance?

Definition
imcomplete dominance
Term
What is incomplete dominance?
Definition
have a mixture of heterozygous (Ss)
Term

What are dominant-recessive

inheritance

Definition
dominant traits like widow's peaks, freckles, dimples
Term
What is codominant?
Definition

equally expressed by both alleles

(Ia, Ib)

Term
What gene is the most important?
Definition
Pleiotropy
Term
What is Pleiotropy?
Definition

alleles at a single locus may have effects on two or more traits

(one alleles having effect on lots of stuff)

Term
What is continuous variation
Definition

discrete variation

(earlobes, height, weight, eye color

genetic disorders)

Term
What is polygenic inheritance?
Definition
many genes affect impacting a single trait
Term
What is phenocopy?
Definition

environmentally produced phenotypes that mimic conditions caused by genetic mutations

 

(a copy of the way they look, caused by environment)

Term

How many pairs of homologous

chromosome do human's have?

Definition
23 pairs
Term

What chromosome determines

the gender of an individual?

Definition
Y chromosome
Term

TRUE OR FALSE?

Genes on the X chromosome

are only expressed in females?

Definition
False
Term

What chromosome is the

master gene for male sex

determination?

Definition
Y chromosome
Term

What chromosome deals

with non sexual traits, and

can be expressed in both

males and females

Definition
X chromosome
Term

What chromosome is called

the sex-linked?

Definition
x linked, x chromosome
Term
What is sex-linked inheritance?
Definition

inherited traits, passed from mother to son.

in the x chromosome

Term

changes in the number or

structure of chromosome

causes_____

Definition
chromosomal anomalies
Term
What is aneuploidy?
Definition
individuals have one extra or one less chromosome
Term

one less chromosome than

normal, or Turner syndrome.

Definition
monosomy
Term

Having 3 copies of

chromosome 21 causes what

human genetic condition?

Definition
Down syndrome
Term

One more chromosome than

normal is called_____

1=miscarriage

2=can live

3=down syndrome

TEST QUESTION

Definition
Trisomy
Term

An individual with only

one X chromosome and no

Y chromosome has what

genetic condition?

Definition
Turner Syndrome
Term

An individual with two X

chromosomes and a Y

chromosome has what

genetic condition

Definition
Klinefelter syndrome
Term

An individual with one X

chromosome and two Y

chromosome has what

enetic condition?

Definition

XYY condition

Supermale

Term
What is PKU?
Definition

newborns tested in U.S. for

phenylketonuria

(brain function,give

different formula)

Term

use a syringe to sample

amniotic fluid

Definition
amniocentesis
Term

syringe used to withdraw

a few cells from the chorion

Definition
Chorionic villus sampling
Term

sound waves used to produce

image of fetus, and blood

samples drawn.

Definition
Fetoscopy
Term

manufacture hormones,

produce vaccines,plants

that resist freezing and

last longer,insert growth

hormones in to animals

Definition
biotechnology
Term
What is in-vito
Definition

cells has no defects, the embryo

is implanted in the uterus

Term

manipulating the genetic

makeup of cells or organisms

Definition
genetic engineering
Term

take dna apart, and recombines

it in new ways, producing new

molecules of dna

Definition
recombinant DNA techolody
Term
In-vitro, and Ex-vivo are forms of_____
Definition
Gene therapy
Term

cells from the patient's body

or bone marrow are removed

and grown in the lab, exposed

to virus that is carrying the

desired gene, are then returned

to the patient by injection into a vein.

Definition
Ex-vivo methods of Gene therapy
Term

often viruses, or liposome

(fatty particles) are used to

deliver the desired gene to

cells in the patient's body

Definition
In-vitro methods of Gene therapy
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