Term
|
Definition
-Antihyperlipidemic(↓ cholesterol)
-Antihypertensive |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-CHF (congestion
Hear failure)
-Statin associated
muscle pain (data
don’t support this) -Age related
degeneration (skin
creams) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Antiplatelet
blood thinner: asp (DC garlic 2
weeks before)
Hypoglycemics/Insulin
-May induce P450 3A4 (CCB,
chemo, antifungal, Losartan) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Antioxydant
activity
(protection
against free
radicaux)
-Generation ofATP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Very low
- Incrase liver
enzyme if > 300 mg |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Anticoagulant: ↓ warfain effect
- Protective effect: HMG-CoA
reductase and
RYR(Red Yeast
Rice) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Ubiquinol
preferred
-Found in
livekidney,
liver,
pancreas and heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-High Triglycerides
-Reduced risk of
death from heart
disease
-Rheumatoid arthritis -Others: cancer,
asthma, depression,
high blood pressure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Inti-inflam
effects
-Blood thinner effects
-Vasodilation+ (↓ BP a liitle) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Loose stools,
flatulence, belching -Nausea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Contain
monacolins
(esp.
monacolin K)-Same MAO
as statin? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Abdominal
discomfort
-May ↑ LFTs (liver
fn test ) and CK
(creatine kinase) +++ -Contraindication:
Liver disfunctionn
and pregnancy +++ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-HMG-CoA
reductase
inhibitors
-P450 inhibitors(teheophylline,, cisapride,
ketoconazole,
itraconazole,
fluconazole)
↑RYR level |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Interact with Grape Fruit juice |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Hypercholesterolemia
-Intermittent
Claudication (no datasupport)
-MAO: ↓ platelet
aggregation
-↑walking distance
-Improved lower
extremity coldness
and pain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-No effect on LFT
and no muscle effect |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Most
popular
cholesterol
lowering
internationally |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Sufficient amts will↓
cholesterol absorptio in gut |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Need 1500mg
to 3300mg to ↓ cholesterol
level |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Lab test interaction:Elevated levels of
serum creatinine but
normal kidney
function |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Contraindications -Diuretics
- Dehydration
- Impaired kidney
function |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Interact with Ephedra and Caffeine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Interact wit Nephrotoxic drugs
(cyclosporine and NSAID?) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Weight loss
-Increased strength,
energy, muscle mass
- Improve sexual
performance
-DHEA levels
decrease with age
– Peak at mid-20’ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Contraindications:
-History of hormone sensitive (cancer?):
Breast, cervix,
endometrial, prostate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Precursor for> 50
hormones
– Precursor for estrogen
and
testosterone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Used to treat
osteoarthritis
-Studies show
reduces pain and
improves
functionality in knee |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
MOA
unknown other
than enhances
natural repair
process of
joints
-A.E. similar to
placebo
-Mild GI problem
-blood glucose lev(possible but
– Required for Unlikely)
synthesis of
tendons,
ligaments,
cartilage,
synovial fluid,
mucus
membranes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Increase blood
glucose level ( soavoid in diabetic patients) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Interact with -Antidiabetic
drugs . Monitor since conflicting
evidence
Warfarin ↑ risk of bleeding
-Caution in
patients with
shellfish allergy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-May help
cartilage from being broken down
- Inhibits leukocyte elastase
- Stimulates chondrocytes to produce
more cartilage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Used in combination with other
supplements for osteoarthritis and
joint health |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Immune stimulant to
-Stimulate reduce symptoms and immune
duration of colds and
URIs
-May provide benefit
if taken prophyli
response
- ↑activity olymphocyteneutrophilsatcfor colds –conflicti and natural evidence
-May ↓severity and
symptoms of URI if
used immedi and
continued for 7- 10 d
Prophylaxis – has
been used safely for
up to 16 wks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Side effect are -usually well
tolerated
– Allergic reactions - esp. those allergic to
Plants |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
↓ immunostimulation effects
if used > 8 w –recommend1 wk holiday
after 8 weeks treatment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Stimule immune response, increase activity of lymphocyte and neutrophils and NKC |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Used as an “Adaptogen”: general
tonic for well being
-↑ resistance to
biological, chemical,
and physical stress
-Improve general
vitality
• Mental and physical
capacity for work
-Available as as Asian, American and
Siberian |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-CNS
stimulant
Vasoconstriction
-Cardiac
stimulation
Sympathomimetic :
- ↑ in BP
–Mydriasis
– Bronchial
muscle
relaxation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Use for weight loss
-Enhance athletic performance
- Unsafe when used orally: HTN, MI,
Seizure, Stroke , Allcan occur with shortterm use in
lower dose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Dizziness
-Anxiety
-Insomnia
-HA
-BP
-Tachycardia
-Flushing
-Dry mouth
-Chest tightness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Used for weight loss
-Inhibits P450 3A4:( CCB,
antifungals,
antivirals, and many more)
↑level |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Interact with Coffee, caffeine, ephedra |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Synephrine
related to ephedrine => May similar
cardiovascular effects as ephedrine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Structure similar to synephrine
-May have stimulant effects
-May ↑ lipid metabolism
- May ↑ norepinephrine-induced lipolysis and thermogenesis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Used for weight loss
- High blood pressure
- Type 2 diabetes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Thought to effect glucose
metabolism and absorption
- May inhibit fat accumulation
- May have blood pressure lowering
effect. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Depression
-Menopausalsymptoms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Hypercin and Hyperforin
carry active ingredient |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Photosensitivity
-GI distress
-Dry mouth
-Dizziness/confusion -Delayed
hypersensitivity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Potent P450
inducer: 1A2,
2D6, 3A4
-5-HT 1 agonist,
antidepressant,
SSR: can ↑ ser
syndrome
-OC, amitrip,
Nortrip,
barbuturin,
cyclosporine,
narcotic,
nefazodone,
NNRTIs, proteas
inhib, Theophylin:↓ level |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Narrow therap window drugs:
+Digoxin
+Phennytoin
+Warfarin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Do not stop abruptly : widraw effect similar to antidepressant
-Medical referral before recommend this for depression |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
HA and -Migraine prevention(not for migraine treatment ) -Have to wait 2
weeks (4 to 8 weeks) before see effect |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Inhibit platelet aggregation- -inhibit Serotonin release
-Inhibit vascular muscle contraction -Contain Serotonin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-GI: nausea, pain abdom pain,diarrhea -Mouth ulceration
(for the chew one) -Tongue irritation
(for the chew one)
(nervousness, tension
HA, insomnia, joint
pain/stiffness,
fatigue) => don’t stopabruptly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -Alternative to HRT to manage menopausal sx |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Upset stomach
-HA
-Weight gain
-Vaginal spotting or bleeding |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-HRT
-OC (oral contraception)
-Hepatotox +++ (monitor liver fn) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Don’t give to people with hormone sensitive cancer
-Will take 2-3 months ( 4 to 12 weeks ) to see the effect |
|
|
Term
| EPO: Evening Primrose Oil |
|
Definition
-PMS
-Mastalgia
-Menopausal sx |
|
|
Term
| EPO: Evening Primrose Oil |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Prevent UTIs
-Treat UTIs
-Urinary deodorizer(incontinence) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Does not have antibacterial
pp -Interfere with bacteria adhesion
-Limit bacteria ability to proliferate and to spread |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Caution with diabetic pts
becoz of sugar content |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Treatment of rotavirus, acute diarrhea -Treatment/
prevention of antibiotic associate diarrhea -Prevention of
traveler’s diarrhea-Reduced IBS
symptoms (Irrible balance Sx) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Reestablish gut flora and prevent presence of harmul bact
-May stimulateimmune syst |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Bacteria dose measured as CFUs (Colony Forming Units)
-Yeast dose measure in mg |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Promote healthy bowel
-Helpful in relieving Sx of IBS (irritable bowel syndrome) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Prevention of : Antibiotic associated Sacchas boula diarrhea & traveler’s (yeast)diarrhea
-Treatment of: HIV-associated diarrhea & diarrhea in infant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-May cause flatulence
-Fungemia in severly compromised pts
-Not for children < 2 yrs old |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -Antifungal agent(because it is yeast) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Improve digestion
-Improve overall
immune health
-Likely effective for retrovirus diarrhea and other acute diarrhea in infants
-May be effective for prevention of
antibiotic associated
diarrhea. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -Used for ulcerative colitis and IBS to ↓ abdominal pain and bloating |
|
|
Term
| Garlic, Red Yeast Rice, Polycosanol, Plant Stanaols/Sterol |
|
Definition
| These agents lower cholesterol |
|
|
Term
DHEA:(Dehydroepiandrosterone),Ephedra,
Bitter Orange,Raspberry ketones, Used for weight loss |
|
Definition
| These agents are used for weight lost |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| These drugs are used for depression |
|
|
Term
| Garlic,Fish oil,Green Coffee Extract |
|
Definition
| These agents are used for hypertension: |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| These agent(s) is/are used to decrease cholesterol and hypertension: |
|
|
Term
| EPO: Evening Primrose Oil, Black Cohosh, St. John’sWort |
|
Definition
| These drugs assist in memopausal symptoms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| These herbal side effects are HA, Insomnia and Tachycardia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| These herbals are P450 inducers: |
|
|
Term
| Bitter Orange,Red Yeast Rice |
|
Definition
| These drugs are P450 inhibitors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| This drug interact with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors |
|
|
Term
Cranberry,EPO,Feverfew,Ginseng,
Chondroitin sulfate,Fish oil,Garlic, Q-10 |
|
Definition
| This herbal supplement interact with anticoagulants |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| These agents generate ATP |
|
|
