Term
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Definition
cerumen impaction
external otitis
foreign bodies
malignant external otitis
pruritis |
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Term
| Tx includes: 1/2 water + 1/2 hydrogen peroxide |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Def of Extoses:
Complication of what dz? |
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Definition
= chronic cold water exposure can lead to growth of bony swelling in the canal
(external otitis) |
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Term
SSx: narrowed or closed auditory canal
red, itchy, and painful ear
hearing NOT infected
may see purulent exudate
may be unable to see TM due to swelling |
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Definition
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Term
| Tx: 1:1 solution of rubbing alcohol and vinegar |
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Definition
external otitis
(EtOH removes water and vinegar restores pH) |
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Term
| persistent otitis externa in pts w/ DM or immunocompromise --> may extend into skull base |
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Definition
| Malignant external otitis |
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Term
SSx:
Maceration
inflammation and granulation
purulent secretions
occluded canal and obscured TM
*osteomylitis |
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Definition
| malignant external otitis |
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Term
| Tx for malignant external otitis |
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Definition
IV Abx (3rd or 4th cephalosporin, Z pak, gentamycin, aminoglycosides)
Admit to ER |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
otitis externa
dermatologic conditions
self induced excoriations
allergy
over cleaning |
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Term
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Definition
antihistamines
Topical isopropyl alcohol |
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Term
| Dz of Auditory tube and Middle ear |
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Definition
Acute otitis media
Auditory tube dysfunction
Barotrauma
Cholesteatoma/Chronic otitis media
Complications of otitis media (mastoiditis, CNS infection, Facial paralysis, Sigmoid sinus thrombosis)
Otosclerosis
Serous otitis media
Trauma
TM perforation |
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Term
| bacterial infection of temporal bone (middle ear) air-space mucosa |
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Definition
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Term
| common w/ 50% of children before 1st b-day and 80% of children have one before 3rd b-day |
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Definition
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Term
Earache
fever (not always)
decr hearing
bulging TM
no movement of TM
loss of cone of light
unable to view landmarks - b/c of pus |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| recurrent acute otitis media: 3 episodes of AOM w/in 6 months or 4 w/in 1 yr |
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Term
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Definition
| middle ear effusion = collection of fluid w/in middle ear space, dysfunction of the Eustachian tube is usually the cause |
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Term
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Definition
observe 38-72 hrs and treat with analgesics; in reexam:
- Tx (strep) = AMOXICILLIN, augmentin, keflex, Z pak
- Tx (H. influ) = AMOXICILLIN, rocephin, augmentin |
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Term
| equalizes the pressure b/w middle ear and atmosphere |
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Definition
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Term
SSx: aural fullness
Fluctuation hearing
discomfort w/ barometric pressure change
Retraction of TM into middle ear
Pale and dull TM
"popping" |
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Definition
| Auditory tube dysfunction |
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Term
| Tx for auditory tube dysfunction |
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Definition
- usually leave alone
Tx: decongestants, internasal steroid |
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Term
| acute pressure change b/w external environ and middle ear --> structural damage |
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Definition
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Term
| cause: air travel, scuba diving |
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Definition
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Term
SSx: deformed or perforated TM
Hemotypanum (blood behind TM)
Pressure pain
hearing loss |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
avoid cause- flying/driving w/ cold
oral decongestants, antihistamine
chew gum, suck on hard candy
ear plugs when flying
myringotomy - not for diving |
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Term
| chronic middle ear infections from recurrent acute infections or chronic auditory tube dysfunction (negative pressure) draws pars flaccida inward and forms squamous epithelium lined sac that may be occluded |
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Definition
| Cholesteatoma/chronic otitis media |
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Term
| most common cause of cholesteatoma/chronic otitis media |
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Definition
| eustachian tube dysfunction causes chronically retracted TM |
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Term
SSx: granulation, osteitis, and sclerosis
TM w/drawn and sac filled w/ keratin + epithelial cells in middle ear
purulent drainage
hearing loss |
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Definition
cholesteatoma/chronic otitis media
- destructive, expanding sac in middle ear |
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Term
| Tx for cholesteatoma/chronic otitis media |
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Definition
- unresponsive to Ibx
- I&D
- can remove but may grow back |
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Term
| Complications of cholesteatoma/chronic otitis media |
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Definition
effect CNS
Bone over facial nerve can be destroyed
erosion of ossicles or bones behind ear drum
meningitis, brain abscesses, + hydrocephalus |
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Term
| Complications of cholesteatoma/chronic otitis media |
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Definition
effect CNS
Bone over facial nerve can be destroyed
erosion of ossicles or bones behind ear drum
meningitis, brain abscesses, + hydrocephalus |
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Term
| OM infection that spreads to mastoid bone of skull |
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Definition
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Term
SSx: ear pain/discomfort
swelling behind ears (ears may stick out)
redness of ear, or behind ear
Fever, HA, drainage from ear |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
hard to treat b/c difficult for meds to reach deep enough
Abx orally or injected
surgical removal of part of infected bone
surgical drainage of middle ear |
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Term
| complications of otitis media |
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Definition
mastoiditis
CNS infection (otogenic meningitis, epidural abscesses)
Facial paralysis
Sigmoid sinus thrombosis |
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Term
| trapped infection w/in mastoid air cells adjecent to sigmoid sinus --> septic thrombophlebititis |
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Definition
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Term
Sx:
spiking fever, chills --> signs of...
HA, lethargy, n/v, papilledema --> signs of... |
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Definition
Sigmoid sinus thrombosis
--> systemic sepsis
--> incr intracranial pressure |
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Term
| Tx for sigmoid sinus thromosis |
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Definition
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Term
| multifocal temporal bone thickening (usually stapes) --> decr mobility of ear bones --> chronic conductive low frequency hearing loss |
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Definition
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Term
lesions r associated w/ footplate of stapes, resulting in impedance of passage of sound through ossicular chain...
--> producing conductive hearing loss
--> otosclerotic lesions impinge on cochlea, permanent sensory hearing loss |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
SSx: painless
no pus, clear fluid in middle ear |
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Definition
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Term
| Tx for serous otitis media |
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Definition
decongestants w/ or w/o Abx
Tympanostomy tubes (if > 4 mo, risk of speach problems...) |
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Term
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Definition
Acoustic neuroma
hearing impairment (conductive and sensory hearing loss)
Labrynthitis
Meniere's syndrome
positional vertigo
presbyacusis |
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Term
| aka. vestibular schwannoma |
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Definition
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Term
| benign intracranial tumor of the myelin-forming cells of the vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) |
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Definition
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Term
SSx:
progressive sensorineural hearing loss
persistent unilateral tinnitus
unsteadiness w/ walk (due to vestibular nerve involvement)
facial paresis |
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Definition
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Term
Acoustic neuroma:(Results of)
1. Rinne test
2. Weber test |
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Definition
1. A>B (nml)
2. lateralization to non-affected side |
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Term
| lab/diagnosis of acoustic neuroma |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| surgery, radiation, observation |
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Term
| most common cause of sensorineural hearing loss |
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Definition
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Term
Weber test:
1. If conductive:
2. If sensorineural:
3. If nml: |
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Definition
1. sound is heard best in affected ear
2. sound is heard best in nml ear
3. remains midline |
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Term
Rinne test:
1. If conductive:
2. If sensorineural:
3. If nml: |
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Definition
1. B>A conduction
2. A>B conduction
3. A>B conduction |
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Term
| Aka vestibular neuronitis |
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Definition
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Term
SSx:
usually follows URI
tinnitis, decr hearing
vertigo lasting days to wks |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
SSx:
episodic vertigo (1-8hrs, rocking may induce n/v)
Tinnitus (low pitch)
decr. sensorineural hearing loss
incr innear ear pressure/fullness |
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Definition
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Term
| Tx/management of Meniere's syndrome |
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Definition
no cure 90% will not progress and live nml
for progressive dz:
1. dietary restriction of salt (<1g a day), caffeine, and tobacco
2. Diuretics and beta-histine HCL
3. Destruction/non destruction therapy |
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Term
| Transient vertigo brought about by a change in head position; usually involves the posterior semicircular canal |
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Definition
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Term
vertigo typically in clusters lasting several days
- actual episode last 10-60 seconds |
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Definition
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Term
| Tx for positional vertigo |
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Definition
| Dix-Hallpike- Barany Maneuver |
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Term
| age related hearing loss; begins gradually after age 60 |
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Definition
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Term
detection of high-pitched sounds becomes more difficult
- Affects both ears |
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Definition
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