Term
| What two "pools" make up the peripheral blood granulocyte pools? |
|
Definition
| Circulating Pool and Marginating pool |
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|
Term
True or False:
Circulating and marginating pooled blood remains within the vessels for 2-5 days. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many cell divisions occur within the mitotic pool? How long does this "mitotic stage" generally occur for? |
|
Definition
4-5 cell divisions
3-6 days |
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|
Term
| The mitotic pool "cells which can divide/replicate" consists of which WBC precursors? |
|
Definition
| Myeloblasts, promyelocytes, myelocytes |
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Term
| The maturation and storage pool is also known as... This phase occurs for how many days? |
|
Definition
Post-mitotic pool
5-7 days |
|
|
Term
True or False:
The storage pool contains 15-20 times more cells than circulating blood. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which WBC precursors/cells are contained within the post-mitotic pool? (i.e. which WBC precursours/cells do NOT divide) |
|
Definition
| Metamyelocytes, bands, PMNs |
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|
Term
| What are the three factors which affect the quantity of peripheral neutrophils? |
|
Definition
Bone marrow production and release
Rate of egress to tissue/survival time in the blood
Rate of marginating to circulating neutrophils |
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|
Term
| Benign neutrophilia is also known as? What is this type of neutrophilia a result of? |
|
Definition
Reactive neutrophilia
Extrinsic physiologic or pathologic process (cold, virus, etc.) |
|
|
Term
True or False:
Pseudoneutrophilia is also referred to as Acute Neutrophilia |
|
Definition
False
Psuedoneutrophilia is immediate neutrophilia, not acute |
|
|
Term
| Immediate neutrophilia occurs because ... |
|
Definition
| there is a redistribution of marginating and circulating cells |
|
|
Term
| How long after a stimulation does it take for acute neutrophilia to occur? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What cell is likely to show an increase during acute neutrophilia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An extreme reaction to infection or necrotizing tissue is referred to as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A leukemoid reaction is known as how many WBC's per microliter? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A leukemoid reaction resembles what form of leukemia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a normal value range for a leukocyte alkaline phosphate (LAP) test? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An increased Leukocyte alkaline phosphate test indicates what type of disease process is occurring? |
|
Definition
| Leukemoid reaction or polycythemia vera |
|
|
Term
| A decreased leukocyte alkaline phosphate test indicated what type of disease process is occurring? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Acute leukemia is dominated by what type of cells? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What 3 clinical features are present with AML? |
|
Definition
| Anemia, bleeding/bruising, infections |
|
|
Term
| What type of anemia is present during AML? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
Auer Rods are present with AML? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A bone marrow differentiation which has greater than 20% blasts is considered to be which form of leukemia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
Increased levels in uric acid and LDH are consistent with AML |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The most common malignancy of childhood is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
Pathophysiologically, AML occurs via increased proliferation of stem cells and a mutation. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of anemia is present with ALL? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the predominant cell present with ALL? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Extramedullary hematopoesis occurs during which form of leukemia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
With CML the mutant stem cells can still mature |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
CLL has the ability to transform into an acute phase which leaves a person with 1 month to live. |
|
Definition
False
CML instead of CLL
6 month survival instead of 1 month |
|
|
Term
| Abdominal fullness, fever, and vague malaise is associated with which form of leukemia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
With CML, platelets have the ability to be increased or decreased, but they are rarely normal. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Eosinophils and/or basophils are likely to be increased as a result of which form of leukemia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
With CML, there is a narrow range of granulocyte precursors, mainly blasts, within the bone marrow |
|
Definition
False
There is a wide range of granulocyte precursors |
|
|
Term
| Extreme hypercellularity in the bone marrow is associated with which form of leukemia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which form of leukemia uses the Philadelphia Chromosome as a definitive diagnostic measure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The philadelphia chromosome occurs because of a translocation between which two chromosome? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which enzyme is increased as a results of the philadelphia chromosome? Why is this advantageous (treatment-wise)? |
|
Definition
Tyrosine kinase
It's advantageous because tyrosine kinase responds well to targeted cell therapy |
|
|
Term
| What is the average age for someone who is suffering from CLL? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which form of leukemia resembles lymphoma but is found in the bone marrow? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Other than being symptom free, what is the clinical presentation of CLL? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An increased level in smudge cells occurs with which form of leukemia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the predominant cell with CLL? |
|
Definition
| mature-appearing lymphocyte |
|
|
Term
| What are the relative platelet levels with CLL? (not a number) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If anemia is present with CLL, which type of anemia is it most likely to be? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
When collecting a bone marrow sample, it is okay to just collect an aspiration sample. |
|
Definition
False
You typically do an aspiration and biopsy |
|
|
Term
| If just looking at a slide MACROSCOPICALLY, how can you differentiate between a bone marrow slide and a peripheral blood slide? |
|
Definition
| By the presence of spicules on the bone marrow slide |
|
|
Term
| A normal adult has what percentage of cellularity within their bone marrow? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
A plasma cell is a T-lymphocyte that has reached it's final stage in preparation for immunoglobulin production |
|
Definition
False
Everything is true except plasma cells are B-lymphocytes, not T-lymphocytes |
|
|
Term
| What is endomytosis and which cells experience this? |
|
Definition
Doubling of DNA content w/o cell division
Seen in megakaryocytes |
|
|
Term
| What causes the blueness to appear in the cytoplasm of RBC precursor cells? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the last RBC precursor which can divide? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The first RBC precursor which you can tell is making hemoglobin is... |
|
Definition
polychromatic normoblast
because in previous cells, rna is dominant over the hemoglobin |
|
|
Term
True or False:
Primary granules are non-specific |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
A metamyelocyte is a mitotic cell |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Other cells can pass through a cells cytoplasm, seen in megakaryocytes |
|
|
Term
| The rate of egress refers to... |
|
Definition
| How quickly a cell can move into the tissue |
|
|
Term
| Which objective would you estimate the number of megakaryocytes present? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which objective would you observe megakaryocyte morphology? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which objective would you estimate the myeloid to erytheroid ratio? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which objective would you obtain the actual myeloid to erytheroid ratio? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which objective would you estimate cellularity under? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lymphocytes are observed under which objective? |
|
Definition
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