Term
Functions of blood
- transport ___ and ___
- defense against ______
- _________
- assists in removal of ____ ______
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Definition
- transport O2 and CO2
- defense against infection
- coagulation
- assists in removal of waste material
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Term
What are the three primary cell types found in blood?
what are their functions? |
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Definition
1. erythrocytes (RBCs) carries hgb to provide O2 to tissues. avg lifespan 120 days
2. Leukocytes (WBCs) fights infections
3. Thrombocytes (platelets) provides basis for coagulation to occur; maintains hemostasis; avg lifespan 10 days |
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Term
| complex process of the formation and maturation of blood cells |
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Definition
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Term
Erythrocytes (RBCs) contain _______ , an iron rich protein that carries ___
They live ___ days
Anemia can result from a reduction in _____, reduced quantity of _____, or reduced volume of _____ _____ (_____). |
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Definition
hemoglobin; O2
120days
RBCs, hemoglobin, packed cells (hematocrit) |
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Term
| Substances released from platelet granules activate coagulation factors in the blood plasma and initiate the formation of a stable clot composed of _____, a filamentous protein. |
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Definition
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Term
| List three possible causes of Anemia |
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Definition
1. rapid blood loss
2. decreased prod of RBCs
3. Increased hemolysis (destruction) of RBCs |
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Term
Anemia
Clinical Manifestations |
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Definition
skin changes: pallor, jaundice, pruritis
tachycardia
tachpnea, exertional dyspnea
chest pain, muscle pain
hypoxia
weakness, fatigue
palpitations
orthopnea
severe: heart failure, paresthesias, and delerium |
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Term
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Definition
health hx & physical exam
nutritional assessment
cardiac status
GI system assess emesis and stools for blood; question women a/b menstrual periods
neurologic examination
monitor relevant lab test results |
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Term
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Definition
- Manage fatigue: establish balance bet activity and rest
- Maintain adequate nutrition
- maintain adequate perfusion: replace lost volume w/transfusions or IV fluids; O2, adjust meds
- Promote compliance w/prescribed therapy
- monitor/manage potential complications; fix underlying problem
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Term
| an increased volume of erythrocytes |
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Definition
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Term
| proliferative disorder of the myeloid stem cells |
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Definition
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Term
Bone marrow Transplant
Client is immunosuppressed for __ days prior.
_____ or _____ obliterates or wipes out all bone marrow
______ is administered like any blood product
_______ period - the new marrow starts to grow indicated by increase in blood count |
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Definition
5 days
Chemo or radiation
Marrow
Engraftment |
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Term
Platelets are produced in ____ _____.
Production of platelets is controlled by _______.
Platelets are stored in the ______.
Normal range for platelets is _____-_______. |
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Definition
bone marrow
thrombopoieten
spleen (30-40%)
250,000-400,000 |
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Term
1. Increase in number of platelets
2. Decrease in number of platelets
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Definition
1. Thrombocytosis
2. Thrombocytopenia |
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Term
Thrombocytopenia is characterized by a platelet count of less than ______.
What is the most common cause of Thrombocytopenia?
What are the two types of Thrombocytopenia? |
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Definition
<100,000
Abdominal bleeding
1. Idopathic thrombocytopenia purpura
2. secondary thrombocytopenia |
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Term
Clotting factor disorders result from ____ ____ deficits.
Pt is unable to synthesize ____ ____or there is an insufficient amt.
Examples are hemophilia; Von Willebrand's; hypoprothrombinemia |
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Definition
clotting factor
clotting factor |
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Term
Clotting Factor Disorder
________ is necessary in clotting cascade.
_______ _ has to be present for the synthesis of it.
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Definition
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Term
What are the assessment findings of hypoprothrombinemia?
What are the interventions? |
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Definition
Assessment: ecchymosis, epistaxis, hematuria, prolonged bleeding venipuncture
Intervention: Vit K, Stop ASA or anticoagulant, give Factor VII, IX, or X |
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