Term
| Location and cell type of Visceral pericardium |
|
Definition
On surface
Simple squamous epithelium |
|
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Term
| Location and cell type of Parietal pericardium |
|
Definition
Pericardial sac around heart
Simple squamous epithelium with some loose C.T |
|
|
Term
| What does the Pericardial space contain? |
|
Definition
| Contains pericardial fluid |
|
|
Term
| What is the function of the Pericardial space? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Three layers of the heart: |
|
Definition
| Epicardium, Myocardium, Endocardium |
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|
Term
| Location and cell type of Epicardium |
|
Definition
Outside
Visceral pericardium |
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Term
| Location and cell type of Myocardium |
|
Definition
Wall of heart
Cardiac muscle with C.T. |
|
|
Term
| Location and cell type of Endocardium |
|
Definition
Inner lining
Simple squamous epithelium |
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|
Term
| What is between the right and left ventricles? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What separates the atrium from the ventricle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Valve between the aorta and left ventricle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Valve between the pulmonary artery and right ventricle? |
|
Definition
| Pulmonary Semilunar Valve |
|
|
Term
| Microscopic makeup of Myocardium |
|
Definition
Mostly cardiac muscle
Intercalated disks
Striated
Branched cells
Purkinje fibers |
|
|
Term
| What are Intercalated disks? |
|
Definition
| Specialized cell junctions for action potential flow |
|
|
Term
| What are Purkinje fibers? |
|
Definition
| Specialized cells for initiation of carrying of action potential |
|
|
Term
| Characteristics of Cardiac Muscle |
|
Definition
Intrinsic (No nerve impulse needed, Initiates its own action potential)
Involuntary (Not under conscious control)
Autonomic Nervous System (Parasympathetic/Sympathetic controls rate and force) |
|
|
Term
| What kind of circulatory system do mammals have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the two circuits? |
|
Definition
| Pulmonary (lungs), Systemic (body) |
|
|
Term
| What does the pulmonary circuit pick up and give off? |
|
Definition
| Picks up O2, Gives off CO2 |
|
|
Term
| What does the systemic circuit pick up and give off? |
|
Definition
| Picks up CO2, Gives off O2, carries nutrients |
|
|
Term
| Path of blood flow to the heart |
|
Definition
| Venules to veins to larger vein to cranial and caudal vena cava to right atrium |
|
|
Term
| Path of blood flow from the heart |
|
Definition
| Branches to large artery to smaller arteries to arterioles to capillaries in tissues all over body |
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 steps to Cardiac Action Potential (AP) |
|
Definition
1. Fluctuating r.m.p.(Leaky Na+ channels
slowly increases r.m.p. to threshold)
2. Voltage gated Na+ channels open and Na+ rushes into cell for rapid voltage increase (Depolarization occurs)
3. Plateau phase as Ca++ enters cell
4. Repolarization as K+ leaves the cell |
|
|
Term
| What does the Conduction Network do? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does the Conduction Network spread AP through heart? (5 steps) |
|
Definition
1. Pacemaker (SA node in right atrium sets rate of firing and spreads across both atria)
2. AV node pauses as atria contract
3. AV bundle
4. Right and left bundle branches
5. Purkinje fibers through walls of ventricles |
|
|
Term
| What do purkinje fibers do? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Measure electrical movement across heart |
|
|
Term
| What are the three parts to an ECG |
|
Definition
P wave – depolarization of atria
QRS complex – depolarization of ventricles
T wave – repolarization of ventricles |
|
|
Term
| What happens when the heart is in the Systole period? |
|
Definition
Contraction
Creates high pressure |
|
|
Term
| What happens when the heart is in the Diastole period? |
|
Definition
Relaxation and filling
Lower pressure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When atrial pressure is greater than ventricular pressure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When ventricular pressure is greater than arterial pressure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
When ventricular pressure is greater than atrial (as ventricles contract)
"Lub sound" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
When arterial pressure is greater than ventricular
"Dub sound" |
|
|
Term
| When do you get heart murmurs? |
|
Definition
| When Valves do not completely close or blood flow is extra turbulent |
|
|
Term
| When do you get an occasional third heart sound? |
|
Definition
| When there is rapid ventricular filling, especially in large slow hearts |
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