Term
Pericardial Cavity
(Mediastinum) |
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Definition
| The heart is located in this space near the anterior chest wall, directly posterior to the sternum. |
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Term
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Definition
| A cavity made up of two layers - the fibrous pericardium and the parietal (serous) pericardium. |
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Term
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Definition
| An outer layer of dense, irregular connective tissue containing abundant collagen fibers, reinforcing the serous membrane of the parietal pericardium. |
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Term
| Parietal (Serous) Pericardium |
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Definition
| Using the "balloon" example in your textbook, the part of the balloon in contact with your fist. |
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Term
| Visceral (Serous) Pericardium/Epicardium |
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Definition
| Bound to the muscle tissue of the heart. Using the "balloon" example in your textbook, the part of the balloon not in contact with your fist. |
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Term
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Definition
| Multiple, interlocking layers of cardiac muscle tissue, with associated connective tissues, blood vessels, and nerves. |
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Term
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Definition
| The inner surfaces of the heart are covered by this layer of simple squamous epithelium. This layer is continuous with endothelium of the attached blood vessels. |
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Term
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Definition
| The sarcoplasm of these cells contains hundreds of mitochondria and a lot of myglobin to store oxygen, heavy circulatory supply, and contract without signal from the nervous tissue. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cardiocytes are connected to neighboring cells via these specialized junctions. |
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Term
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Definition
| The internal connective tissue of the heart, which stabilizes contractile cells and valves; support the muscle cells, blood vessels, and nerves; distribute the forces of contraction; add strength and elasticity; and physically isolate atria from ventricles. |
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Term
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Definition
| The inferior, round tip of the heart, which points laterally at an oblique angle. |
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Term
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Definition
| The broad superior portion of the heart where the heart is attached to the major arteries and veins of the systemic and pulmonary circuits. |
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Term
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Definition
| The anterior surface, consisting mostly of the right atrium and right ventricle due to the rotation of the heart slightly to the left. |
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Term
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Definition
| The posterior and inferior wall of the left ventricle form most of this sloping, posterior surface. |
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Term
Coronary Sulcus
(Atrioventricular Groove)
(Coronary Groove) |
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Definition
| The atria of the heart are separated from the ventricles by these grooves that contain the trunks of the nutrient vessels of the heart. |
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Term
| Anterior Interventricular Sulcus |
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Definition
| Linear depressions on the anterior surface that indicate the division between the left and right ventricles. |
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Term
| Posterior Interventricular Sulcus |
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Definition
| Linear depressions on the posterior surface that indicate the division between the left and right ventricles. |
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Term
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Definition
| Superior chamber of the right side of the heart, receiving deoxygenated blood from the superior and inferior vena cava and pumps into the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve. |
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Term
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Definition
When not filled with blood, this outer portion of the right atrium deflates and becomes a lumpy, wrinkled flap.
(It reminded early anatomists of the external ear.) |
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Term
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Definition
| This major vein receives deoxygenated blood from the tissues and organs of the head, neck, chest, shoulders, and upper limbs. |
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Term
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Definition
| This major vein collects most of the venous blood from organs inferior to the diaphragm. |
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Term
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Definition
| A small opening in the right atrium. |
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Term
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Definition
| Behind the crest of the right atrium are muscle fibers raised into parallel ridges resembling the teeth of a comb. |
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Term
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Definition
| A depression in the right atrium of the heart, remnant of a thin fibrous sheet the covered the foramen ovale during fetal development. |
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Term
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Definition
| The wall of tissue that separates the right and left atria. |
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Term
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Definition
| The stout wall separating the ventricles of the heart. |
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Term
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Definition
| In the fetal heart, this structure allows blood to enter the left atrium from the right atrium. This closes shortly after birth. |
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Term
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Definition
| Oxygen-poor venous blood travels from the right atrium into this inferior chamber of the heart. |
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Term
Tricuspid Valve
(Right Atrioventricular (AV) Valve) |
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Definition
| Formed by three fibrous flaps (cusps), this valve prevents backflow of blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium. |
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Term
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Definition
| Bundles of collagen fibers that attach to the free edges of the cusps of the AV valves arise from these cone-shaped muscular projections of the inner ventricular surface. |
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Term
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Definition
| Bundles of collagen fibers that the free edges of the cusps are attached. |
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Term
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Definition
| A series of irregular muscle folds on the internal surface of the ventricle. |
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Term
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Definition
| A band of ventricular muscle that extends from the interventricular septum to the anterior wall of the right ventricle and the bases of the papillary muscles. |
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Term
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Definition
| A smooth-walled, cone-shaped pouch at the superior end of the right ventricle that ends at the pulmonary valve. |
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Term
| Pulmonary Semi-Lunar Valve |
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Definition
| A valve consisting of three thick semi-lunar cusps which prevents backflow from the pulmonary trunk into the right ventricle. |
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Term
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Definition
| The start of the pulmonary circuit. Immediately adjacent to the right ventricle, but seperated by the pulmonary semi-lunar valve. |
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Term
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Definition
| Oxygen-rich blood flows into this superior heart chamber from the pulmonary capillaries. |
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Term
Bicuspid Valve
(Mitral Valve)
(Left Atrioventricular (AV) Valve) |
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Definition
| Formed by two fibrous flaps (cusps), this valve prevents backflow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium. |
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Term
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Definition
| With the thickest wall of any heart chamber, this inferior structure develops enough pressure to force blood throughout the entire systemic circuit. |
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Term
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Definition
| A valve consisting of three thick semi-lunar cusps which prevents backflow from the pulmonary trunk into the right ventricle. |
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Term
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Definition
| The major artery of the systemic circuit. |
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