Term
| is ischemic pain related to position, respiration, palpation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| chest pain is > when supine, and incr w/ respiration/swallowing |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| chest pain on palpation = |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| abrupt onset of TEARING pain that radiates to back = |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| brought on or made worse by exertion; results from incr LA and Pulm venous pressur or hypoxia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| acute onset of dyspnea/worsening of LA HTN results in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| diagnosis of CHF is aided by measuring |
|
Definition
BNP
(also incr in RV dysfxn, and PE) |
|
|
Term
| #1 killer in the US and worldwide |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
<1 = low
1-3 = intermed
>3 high |
|
|
Term
| features assoc w/ enhanced plaque vulnerability |
|
Definition
high lipid content
high conc of macrophages
thin fibrous cap |
|
|
Term
| these lipid lowerind drugs have been shown to prevent death, coronary events, and stroke |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
niacin
**also lowers TG's |
|
|
Term
| this reduces mortality in post-infarct pts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| do high or low risk pts tx w/ ACE-I's show more benefit |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
areas of the myocardium peristently underperfused but viable develop sustained contractile dysfxn
= |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| persistent contractile dysfxn following prolonged/repetitive ischemia = |
|
Definition
myocardial stunning
(more chronic than hibernation?) |
|
|
Term
| what should be avoided in pts w/o ST elevation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which statin is prefered in ACS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| does NG relieve chest pain caused by AMI? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| JVD at 30 degrees < 3cm = |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| JVD at 30 degrees > 8/9 cm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
elevate 4-6 hrs
peaks 12-24 hrs
baseline 2-3 days |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
elevate 2-6 hrs
peaks 12-24 hrs
baseline 7-10 days |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
elevate 1-3 hrs
peak 4-12 hrs
baseline 12-36 hrs |
|
|
Term
| what test establishes the region of heart affect and helps w/ mngmt of AMI |
|
Definition
echocardiography
dopler echo (dx post-infarc mitral regurg/VSD) |
|
|
Term
| this tx reduces moratlity and limits infarct sz in pts w/ AMI assoc ST elevation/LBBB |
|
Definition
thrombolytics (w/i 3 hrs)
old: streptokinase
new: alteplase, retaplase ect |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ASA, IV hep (24 hrs) and antacids + H2 blockers |
|
|
Term
| PCI--> "door to balloon" time |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1)MONA
2) then do EKG and give BB |
|
|
Term
| these meds should be used in pts w/ LV dysfxn |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 4 things needed for systolic fxn |
|
Definition
1. contractile state
2. preload
3. afterload
4. HR |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| aortic stenosis, severe HTN leades to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most frequent cause of diastolic dysfxn is |
|
Definition
LVH (caused by HTN)
(tx w/ diuretic) |
|
|
Term
| which heart sound is diminshed d/t impaired contractility |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. correct reversible causes
2. diuretic (HCTZ)+ ACE-I
3. BB (stable only)
4. digoxin
5. Vasodilator |
|
|
Term
| which class of drugs should NOT be used in pts w/ CHF |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which heart sound is usually heard in diastolic HF |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| parasternal lift is a cardinal sign of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common cause of secondary HTN |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
<140/90
or <130/80 for DM or ESRD |
|
|
Term
works in DRT
decr blood vol, CO, PVR
keeps CA and UA
looses K, Na, and H2O |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
works in LOH by blocking Na abs
looses Ca and Na
GOOD FOR pts in RENAL failure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
decr CO, HR, and contractility
inhibits renin
NOT in 1st degree heart block, SSS, ect |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
works in distal nephron by blocking Na/K exchange
keep K, loose Na
used in COMBO |
|
Definition
K sparing
(spironolactone, amiloride, triamterene) |
|
|
Term
inhibit ATI--> AT II
stops vasoconstrict.
decr PVR (pre and afterload) CO and GFR
decr mortality w CHF and MI, slows renal failure in DM |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
prevent ATII receptor binding (Inhibit RAAS)
decr PVR
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
inhibit Ca into sm mm
vasodilation and decr PVR |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
central alpha agonist
decr symp outflow
decr PVR, HR, CO
GOOD IN PREGGO |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
BP > 160/110
proteinuria, ect |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| mainstay of tx for mild preeclamp and immature fetus |
|
Definition
bed rest (LLD position)
if worsening: Mg sulfate and hydralazine |
|
|
