Term
| Concentric Hypertrophy, sound? cause? |
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Definition
| Thickened ventricular wall, unchanged ventricular chamber. S4 sound. Cuz of incr afterload (chronic HT, aortic stenosis) |
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Term
| Eccentric Hypertrophy (dilated). Sound? Cause? |
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Definition
| Thick ventricle wall, incr ventricle chamber diameter. S3 sound. Cuz of volume overload, incr preload (mitral / aortic regurge) |
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Term
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Definition
Patho - large EDV (aortic/mitral regurge)
Gallop rhythm S1-S2-S3 |
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Term
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Definition
patho - during atrial contraction. thick stiff ventricle walls (aortic stenosis, chronic HT)
Gallop rhytm. S4-S1-S2 |
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Term
| Metabolites for local control of blood flow in Brain, Heart, Skeletal Muscle |
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Definition
| Brain - CO2, Heart - Adenosine, NO, Skeletal muscle - Adenosine, Potasium. |
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Term
| Alpha Receptors - affect on arteries |
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Definition
| constriction (none found on coronary aa) |
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Term
| Sympathetic affect on arteries |
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Definition
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Term
| High Pressure baroreceptors. Where? what stimulus? |
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Definition
| Aortic Arch, Carotid Sinus. Blood Pressure (incr stretch) |
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Term
| Low pressure baroreceptors found? What stimulus? |
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Definition
| Vena Cava, Atria, Pulmonary artery. Volume. |
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Term
| Metalbolic Theory of blood flow |
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Definition
| metabolic byproducts, paracrine substances affect blood flow |
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Term
| histamines function. produced? |
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Definition
| vaso dilate, produced by mast cells |
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Term
| bradykinnen. example. function |
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Definition
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Term
| Prostoglandins. example. function |
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Definition
| arachodonic acid. vasoconstriction. |
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Term
| Nitric Oxide. 3 modes of production. |
|
Definition
Paracrine agents (histamine, bradykinnen)
ACh release (parasympathetic) cholinergic nerves (sympathetic)
Increased Shear Stress |
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Term
| Autoregulation of blood flow. where? what values of MAP. clinical application? |
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Definition
| Coronary blood flow. Brain. maintain flow between 60 and 180 MAP. Important in hemoorhage & HT |
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Term
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Definition
| Incr blood flow due to incr metabolites (during exersize) |
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Term
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Definition
| short interruption of blood flow - then get vasodilation and incr blood flow after constriction release. (occlusive exersize - weight lifting) |
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Term
| Relationship betw VR (venous return) & RAP (Right Atrial Pressure) & Driving Pressure (DP) |
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Definition
RAP incr - Driving Pressure decr - VR decr
or RAP decr - DP incr - VR incr |
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Term
| Cause of incr in RAP (right atrial pressure) |
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Definition
| Right heart failure, tricuspid stenosis |
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Term
| cause of decr in RAP (right atrial pressure) |
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Definition
| incr in atrial contractility (sucks more blood into atrium) |
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Term
| Exercise affect on SV, Systolic Pressure, Diastolic P, HR |
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Definition
| incr SV. incr Systolic. No Change Diast. Incr HR. |
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Term
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Definition
| CO = VO2/Ca - Cv or volume of Oxygen consumption / (Aorta O2 content - Pulmonary O2 content) |
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Term
|
Definition
| P/R or Aortic Pressure / Resistance |
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Term
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Definition
| HR x SV or Heart Rate x Stroke volume |
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Term
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Definition
| SV(stroke volume) / EDV(end diastolic volume) |
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Term
| Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) = |
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Definition
CO(cardiac output) x TPR(total peripheral resistance)
or Pdias + 1/3(Psys - Pdias) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| When standing up, what happens to lower extremity veins to normalize venous return? |
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Definition
| Sympathetic constriction of veins. Muscle contraction push blood back up. |
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Term
| Orthostatic Hypotension, what is it, what causes it? |
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Definition
| Inability to restore BP when standing up. Due to hypovolemic, or impaired baroreceptor reflex. |
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Term
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Definition
| Intrathoracic Pressure up - compress intrathoracic blood vessels - displace blood to heart - elevate CO & Aortic Pressure - baroreceptor reflex - reduce HR |
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Term
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Definition
| Slow blood flow from outside veins of thoracic region - decrease venous return & CO & BP - baroreceptor - incr HR |
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Term
|
Definition
| Release breath - intrathoracic pressure down - vessels expand - enhanced blood flow - first fills veins and atria - thus reduced venous return & CO - baroreceptor reflex - incr HR & TPR |
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Term
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Definition
| Intrathoracic veins & atria fill quick - incr VR & CO - high CO pumped against elevated TPR fr phase III thus BP go up - baroreceptor return BP to normal by adjusting HR & TPR |
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Term
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Definition
chronic constipation - get hemorrhoids.
weight lifters exhale when lift to prevent problem.
cardiac pt - death if valsalva thus control constipation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Incr HR. incr cardiac contractility. incr TPR. decr venous compliance. |
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Term
|
Definition
| blood volume fall by 20% or reflex comp sustained longer than 30 min. |
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Term
| Cardiac Index Calculation |
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Definition
| CO / BSA(body surface area) |
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