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Healthcare Terminolgy
Musculoskeletal System
166
Health Care
Undergraduate 1
04/26/2009
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Term
blood
 Definition
hemat/o, hem/o
Term
bone
 Definition
oste/o, oss/i, osse/o
Term
calcium
 Definition
calc/o
Term
cartilage
 Definition
chondr/o, cartilag/o
Term
fascia
 Definition
fasci/o
Term
joint
 Definition
arthr/o, articul/o
Term
ligament
 Definition
ligament/o,syndesm/o
Term
muscle
 Definition
muscul/o, my/o, myos/o
Term
phosphorus
 Definition
phosph/o, phosphat/o
Term
tendon
 Definition
tendin/o, tend/o, ten/o
Term
antrum
 Definition
antr/o
Term
bone marrow
 Definition
myel/o
Term
condyle
 Definition
condyl/o
Term
elbow
 Definition
olecran/o
Term
epicondyle
 Definition
epicondyl/o
Term
nose
 Definition
nas/o
Term
sinus
 Definition
sin/o, sinus/o
Term
dia-
 Definition
through, complete
Term
endo-, end-
 Definition
within
Term
epi-
 Definition
above
Term
inter-
 Definition
between
Term
intra-
 Definition
within
Term
meta-
 Definition
change, beyond
Term
peri-
 Definition
surrounding
Term
-blast
 Definition
embroyonic
Term
-clast
 Definition
breaking down
Term
-cyte
 Definition
cell
Term
-physis
 Definition
growth
Term
-poiesis
 Definition
formation
Term
-um
 Definition
structure, thing
Term
dors/o
 Definition
back of body
Term
cervic/o
 Definition
cervical (neck)
Term
coccyg/o
 Definition
coccyx (tailbone)
Term
ethmoid/o
 Definition
ethmoid
Term
gnath/o
 Definition
jaw
Term
lamin/o
 Definition
lamina
Term
lumb/o
 Definition
lower back
Term
mandibul/o
 Definition
mandible
Term
maxill/o
 Definition
maxillary
Term
occipit/o
 Definition
occipital
Term
palat/o
 Definition
palatine
Term
pariet/o
 Definition
parietal
Term
cost/o
 Definition
rib
Term
sacr/o
 Definition
sacrum
Term
crani/o
 Definition
skull
Term
sphenoid/o
 Definition
sphenoid
Term
rachi/o, spin/o, vertebr/o
 Definition
spinal column
Term
stern/o
 Definition
sternum
Term
tempor/o
 Definition
temporal
Term
thorac/o
 Definition
thorax
Term
vertebr/o, spondyl/o
 Definition
vertebra
Term
vomer/o
 Definition
vomer
Term
zygom/o, zygomat/o
 Definition
zygoma
Term
carp/o
 Definition
carpal
Term
cleid/o, clavicl/o
 Definition
clavicle (neck)
Term
femor/o
 Definition
femur
Term
fibul/o, perone/o
 Definition
fibula
Term
dactyl/o
 Definition
finger, toe (whole)
Term
humer/o
 Definition
humerus
Term
ili/o
 Definition
ilium
Term
ischi/o
 Definition
ischium
Term
malleol/o
 Definition
malleolus
Term
metacarp/o
 Definition
metacarpal
Term
metatars/o
 Definition
metatarsal
Term
patell/o
 Definition
patella
Term
phalang/o
 Definition
phalanx (one of the bones of a finger or toe)
Term
pub/o
 Definition
pubis or pubic bone
Term
radi/o
 Definition
radius
Term
scapul/o
 Definition
scapula
Term
tars/o
 Definition
tarsal
Term
tibi/o
 Definition
tibia
Term
uln/o
 Definition
ulna
Term
extension
 Definition
to increase the angle of a joint
Term
flexion
 Definition
to decrease the angle of a joint
Term
abduction
 Definition
movement away from the midline
Term
adduction
 Definition
movement towards the midline
Term
supination
 Definition
turning the palm or foot upward
Term
pronation
 Definition
turning the palm or foot downward
Term
dorsiflexion
 Definition
raising the foot, pulling the toes toward the shin
Term
plantar flexion
 Definition
lowering the foot, pointing the toes away from the shin
Term
eversion
 Definition
turning outward
Term
inversion
 Definition
turning inward
Term
protraction
 Definition
moving a part of the body forward
Term
retraction
 Definition
moving a part of the body backward
Term
rotation
 Definition
revolving a bone around its axis
Term
burs/o
 Definition
bursa
Term
pector/o
 Definition
chest
Term
cleid/o, clavicul/o
 Definition
clavicle
Term
arthr/o, articul/o
 Definition
joint
Term
mastoid/o
 Definition
mastoid process
Term
myocardi/o
 Definition
heart muscle
Term
rhabdomy/o
 Definition
striated muscle
Term
leimy/o
 Definition
smooth muscle
Term
my/o, myos/o, muscul/o
 Definition
muscle
Term
stern/o
 Definition
sterum
Term
ab-
 Definition
away from
Term
ad-
 Definition
toward
Term
e-
 Definition
out
Term
in-
 Definition
in
Term
pro-
 Definition
before, forward
Term
syn-
 Definition
together
Term
amphi-
 Definition
both
Term
di-
 Definition
through, two
Term
syndactyly
 Definition
webbed fingers or toes
Term
muscular dystophy
 Definition
progressive muscle weakening without involvement of nerves
Term
torticollis
 Definition
also known as wryneck
Term
talipes
 Definition
also known as clubfoot
Term
spina bifida occulta
 Definition
malformation of the spinal canal
Term
achondroplasia
 Definition
dwarfism resulting from lack of cartilage development
Term
polydactyly
 Definition
webbed fingers or toes
Term
complicated fracture
 Definition
broken bone pierces internal organ
Term
greenstick fracture
 Definition
bone is partially bent and partially broken
Term
Colles fracture
 Definition
distal end of radius is broken
Term
impacted fracture
 Definition
ends of broken bone are driven into each other
Term
comminuted fracture
 Definition
bone is crushed
Term
simple/closed fracture
 Definition
bone is broken, skin is closed
Term
compound/open fracture
 Definition
broken bone pierces skin
Term
hairline fracture
 Definition
fracture appears as a line on the bone and fracture may not be completely through the bone
Term
pathologic fracture
 Definition
spontaneous fracture as a result of disease
Term
subluxation
 Definition
a partial displacement of a bone at a joint
Term
sprain
 Definition
an injury that can be described in grades and involves the soft tissue of a joint
Term
strain
 Definition
the overuse or overstretching of a muscle
Term
dislocation
 Definition
a limb that is displaced from its normal position in a joint
Term
osteoarthritis
 Definition
degenerative joint disease
Term
osteoporosis
 Definition
loss of bone mass
Term
spinal stenosis
 Definition
narrowing of the spinal canal
Term
sciatica
 Definition
inflammation of nerve in lower back with pain radiating down legs
Term
carpal tunnel syndrome
 Definition
compression of median nerve of wrist, leading to dysfunction
Term
bunion
 Definition
enlargement at base of great toe
Term
lumbago
 Definition
lower back pain
Term
contracture
 Definition
chronic flexion of a joint caused by muscle atrophy
Term
fibromyalgia
 Definition
muscle disorder characterized by musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, and sleep disorders
Term
rickets
 Definition
osteomalacia during childhood
Term
rheumatoid arthritis
 Definition
autoimmune type of arthritis
Term
spondylosis
 Definition
stiffening of the vertebral joints
Term
osteomyelitis
 Definition
infection of bone and bone marrow
Term
osteomalacia
 Definition
softening of the bone
Term
spondylolisthesis
 Definition
partial forward dislocation of adjacent vertebrae
Term
myasthenai gravis
 Definition
usually severe disease characterized by muscular weakness
Term
scoliosis
 Definition
lateral S curve of the spine
Term
lordosis
 Definition
also known as swayback
Term
kyphosis
 Definition
also known as hunchback
Term
US
 Definition
ultrasonography
Term
MRI
 Definition
imaging using magnetic resonance
Term
DXA
 Definition
test to measure bone density, using dual energy x-ray
Term
arthography
 Definition
x-ray recording of a joint
Term
x-ray
 Definition
imaging technique using electromagnetic radiation
Term
arthroscopy
 Definition
visual exam of a joint
Term
RF
 Definition
test for rheumatoid arthritis
Term
serum calcium
 Definition
blood test for Ca
Term
EMG
 Definition
electromyography
Term
CT scan
 Definition
imaging of a plane of the body
Term
arthroplasty
 Definition
surgical repair of a joint
Term
osteoclasis
 Definition
surgical fracture of a bone
Term
bunionectomy
 Definition
excision of a bunion
Term
tenomyoplasty
 Definition
surgical repair of a muscle and a tendon
Term
debridement
 Definition
removal of debris
Term
open reduction
 Definition
alignment of ends of bone without incision
Term
sequestrum
 Definition
dead bone
Term
myorrhaphy
 Definition
suture of muscle
Term
osteoclasis
 Definition
intentional fracture of bone
Term
arthrodesis
 Definition
fixation of a joint
Term
prosthesis
 Definition
artificial body part
Term
spondylosyndesis
 Definition
spinal fusion
Term
arthrocentesis
 Definition
surgical puncture of a joint
Term
closed reduction
 Definition
alignment of ends of bone without incision
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