Term
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Definition
| decisions, plans and actions that are undertaken to achieve specific health care goals within a society |
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Term
| why should be study health policy |
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Definition
| Costs, Quality and Access |
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Term
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Definition
large expense for governments
large expense for employers
variable
substantial private commercial interests |
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Term
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Definition
technology and prescription drugs
chronic disease
aging of the population
administrative costs |
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Term
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Definition
| combination of increasing life expectancy and the increase in chronic disease with age produces a progressively "on average" sicker population |
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Term
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Definition
End Result Idea
1900s at MGH |
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Term
| Conditions necessary for free markets |
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Definition
infinite buyers and sellers
zero entry and exit barriers
perfect factor mobility
perfect information
zero transaction cost
profit maximization
homogeneous products
non-increasing returns to scale |
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Term
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Definition
public health guardians
purchasers of health care services
regulators of health care provision
safety net providers
educators
states as laboratories |
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Term
| As public health guardians |
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Definition
State health departments responsible for infection tracking, vaccination programs
Food safety
Environmental safety
Protection from bioterrorism |
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Term
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Definition
medicaid
state employee benefits
insurance for other public employees |
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Term
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Definition
license hospitals
license doctors
regulate health insurance |
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Term
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Definition
State health centers
Managers federally qualifying health centers |
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Term
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Definition
supports medical schools
tuition for nursing
residency training through medicaid payments |
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Term
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Definition
States can create administrative differences within the bounds of federal legislation
Can ask for a waiver of the rules to conduct and experiment |
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Term
| Demanders of health policy |
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Definition
Organization who provide health care services
Companies that make health care products
Insurance companies
Individuals |
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Term
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Definition
Link groups of people
Compete among themselves
There are so many, none could be dominant |
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Term
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Definition
Interest groups concentrate power
Interest groups further their own interests exclusively |
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Term
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Definition
Lobbying
Electioneering (supporting candidates)
Litigation
Influencing public opinion |
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Term
| Types of power and influence |
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Definition
Legitimate
Reward
Coercive
Expert
Referent |
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Term
| Suppliers of Health Policy |
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Definition
legislative
executive
judicial |
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Term
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Definition
Primarily a cycle: a continuous process of policy development, enactment, implementation and modification
Multiple external events often have large impact
It is fundamentally a political process, not an academic one |
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Term
| Timeline Affordable care act |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| generally direct public resources |
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Term
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Definition
| set rules for the conduct of health care personnel, organizations, interactions |
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Term
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Definition
individual behavior
social family and community networks
living and working conditions
social economic cultural health and environment (and government policies) |
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Term
| 3 Core Functions of public health |
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Definition
assessment
policy development
assurance |
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Term
| 10 essential services of public health |
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Definition
monitor health
diagnose and investigate
inform, educate, empower
mobilize community partnership
develop policies
enforce laws
link to/provide care
assure competent work force
evaluate |
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Term
| how ACOs will change the dichotomy |
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Definition
Push responsibility for patient outcomes beyond the hospital with “bundled payments” for hospital & physician
Create economic incentive for improving quality of care by reducing fragmentation |
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Term
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Definition
Promoting public & population health (1 of 5 priorities)
Communication with public health agencies
Improvements in prevention |
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Term
| community health assessments |
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Definition
New requirement for federal tax exemption of non-profit hospitals
Determine “community” health needs every 3 years; develop plan for addressing needs
Get input from public health and community representatives |
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Term
| What drives policy alternatives? |
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Definition
financial interests
evidence: scientific, technical, experiential
values |
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Term
| drivers of evolution of policy issues |
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Definition
public attitudes, concerns and opinions
interest group opinions and power
elected officials' positions |
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Term
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Definition
biology
behaviors
health services
social environment
physical environment
policies and interventions |
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Term
| types of public health policy |
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Definition
laws
rules and regulation
operational decisions
judicial decisions |
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