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Definition
| broad term to define entire process of becoming dependent on substance or behavior; persist even with serious or dire consequences |
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| narrow term to describe intense urge to do something. Major part of OCD |
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| Key differences between addiction and compulsion |
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| addicted may experience discomfort but expect to gain pleasure; Compulsions generally get no pleasure, addicts get to point when there is no pleasure |
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| addicted usually detached from senselessness of their actions; having a good time; denial. Those with OCD aware their obsession is not real and disturbed by it |
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| 4 Why should health professionals be knowledgeable about addiction? |
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Definition
1 Magnitude of the problem
-Number of people affected
-Costs to society
2 Can be the major health problem
3 Can interfere with other positive health behaviors
4 Clients/patients/students may be affected by others close to them |
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| ____ million people estimated to be alcoholics |
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| Each alcoholic greatly impacts ___-____people close to them |
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| ___ million estimated to be addicted to heroin, crack cocaine, amphetamines and marijuana |
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| Over ___% of addicts don’t go into treatment or go to self-help groups. They deny they have a problem. |
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| It takes ___-___ tries for the average smoker to quit |
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| Public ________ of drug abuse and addiction as a major social problem has waxed and waned over the past 20 years, the ______ ______ of addiction have not: |
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| Total criminal justice, health, insurance, and other costs in the U.S. are roughly estimated at ____ to _____ billion annually. |
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| WHO definition of addiction |
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Definition
| A state of periodic or chronic intoxication detrimental to the individual and society, which is characterized by an overwhelming desire to continue taking the drug and to obtain it by any mean |
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| Addiction Includes Both ____________ and ______________ Dependence |
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Definition
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Definition
| dependence is the body’s need to constantly have the drug or drugs. |
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Definition
| dependence is the mental inability to stop using the drug or drugs. |
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| is considered maladaptive, but it is carefully differentiated from true addiction |
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| is true addiction, the essential feature of which is continued use despite significant substance-related problems known to user. |
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| Significant substance-related problems experienced by the user, include: |
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Definition
Tolerance
Withdrawal
Compulsion |
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Definition
| unpleasant physical and/or emotional symptoms experienced by the user when attempting to quit using a drug |
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| increasing time spent in substance-related activities (obtaining and using, and recovering from drug effects) |
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Definition
| poor morals and lifestyle—a choice |
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| Character or personality predisposition model |
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Definition
| personality disorder—problems with the personality of the addicted |
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Definition
| a belief that addiction is both chronic and progressive and that the drug user does not have control over the use and abuse of the drug |
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| Career Pattern of Addiction |
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Definition
-Experimentation
-Escalation
-Maintenance
-Dysfunction
-Recovery
-Ex Addict
-Relapse |
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Definition
| optimistic belief that the drug fits in well with day-to-day goals |
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Definition
| problems with use interfering with day-to-day goals |
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Definition
| getting out of drug use/abuse |
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Definition
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Definition
| sometimes or often go back to addictive behavior |
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| Condense Stages of Addiction - drug user |
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Definition
-learns that chemicals can swing them up to euphoria and back
-learns how to control the dose to achieve the desired effect
-seeks the mood swing effect more often |
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Term
| Some Major Risk Factors for Addiction |
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Definition
-Alcohol and/or other drugs used alone
-Alcohol and/or other drugs used in order to help stress and/or anxiety
-Availability of drugs
-Abusive and/or neglectful parents; other dysfunctional family patterns
-Misperception of peer norms regarding the extent of alcohol and/or drug use
-Alienation factors: isolation, emptiness, etc. |
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| Major Risk Factors for Adolescents 7 |
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Definition
-Physical or sexual abuse (past and/or present)
-Peer norms in favor of drug use
-Misperception and/or power of age group peer norms
-Conflicts, such as dependence versus independence, adult maturational tasks versus fear, low self-esteem, etc.
-Teenage risk-taking, omnipotence, or invulnerability
-Cultural definition of use as a rite of passage into adulthood
-Cultural definition of use as glamorous, fun, etc. |
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| Major Risk Factors for Adults 4 |
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Definition
-Disappointment when life’s expectations are not met or realization of unattainable goals
-Retirement—loss of a meaningful role or occupational identity
-Boredom with daily routines
-Loss, grief, or isolation—loss of parents, divorce, death of a spouse, or departure of children |
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Term
| 4 Professional Responsibilities Related to Addiction |
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Definition
-Recognize the impact on clients directly and indirectly
-Facilitate change in clients
-Provide resources and referrals
-Advocate for environmental change to make it harder to become addicted |
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Term
| 3 Advocate for environmental change to make it harder to become addicted |
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Definition
-Laws, policies to limit access to substances, i.e. sales to minors, smoking in certain areas
-Research funding for effective programming and treatment (one year’s advertising for one brand of beer-----Budweiser-exceeds all Federal money for research on alcoholism)
-Treatment within the criminal justice system |
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