Term
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Definition
1. Frontal (1)
2. Parietal(2)
3. temporal (2)
4. occipital(1) |
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Term
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Definition
*A rigid structure that protects the brain from direct injury.
*provides a surface for the attachment of muscles that assists with mastication and producing facial expressions.
* contains the special sense organs of: vision-hearing-smell-taste |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Provoking Factor: Stress-Anxiety-depression-poor posture
Palliative Factor: Rest-Massage-NSAIDs
Quality: Bandlike tightness viselike- nonthrobbing
Region: Bilateral temporal-Frontal-occipital regions
Related symptoms: Fatigue-anxiety- stress
Severity: Diffuse-dull aching mild to moderate pain
Timing(onset, duration, frequency): Gradual onset Duration: 30 minutes to days Frequency: situational |
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Term
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Definition
Provoking Factors: Hormone Fluctuation, alcohol, caffeine, MSG, Nitrates, chocolate, cheese, changes in sleep pattern, sensory stimuli, weather changes, physical activity
Palliative Factor: Lying down, dark room, sleep, NSAIDs or narcotic analgesic
Quality: Throbbing pulsating
Region:Usually Unilateral Behind Eye Temples/Forehead
Related Symptoms: Usually Unilateral Behind Eye Temples/Forehead
Severity: Moderate to Severe Pain
Timing (onset, duration, frequency): 4hrs-72hors rapid onset, Frequency: 2/month |
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Term
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Definition
Provoking Factor: Alcohol-stress-wind-heat exposure
Palliative Factor: Need to move pacing floor
Quality: Burning-Piercing-Stabbing-Excruciating
Region: Unilateral often behind or around 1 eye
Related symptoms: nasal congestion ipsilateral lacrimation ptosis, miosis agitation
Severity: Severe Pain
Timing(onset, duration, frequency): Abrupt onset continuous, duration:30-2 hrs, Minutes Frequency: 1-2/day X 2 months |
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Term
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Definition
| denotes a round symmetric skull that is appropriately related to body size. |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs with pharynitis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, stroke and other neurologic diseases, esophageal cancer. |
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Term
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Definition
| edematous swelling and exxhymosis of the presenting part of the head caused by birth trauma. It feels soft, and it may extend across suture lines. It gradually resolves during the first few days of life. |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs with accelerated or turbulent blood flow, indicating hyperplasia of the thyroid. (e.g. hyperthyroidism) |
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Term
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Definition
| Head size below norms for age. |
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Term
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Definition
| an enlarged head or rapidly increasing in size(e.g., hydrocephalus {increased cerebrospinal fluid}) |
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Definition
| is a subperiosteal hemorrhage, which is also a result of birth trauma. It is soft, fluctuant, and well defined over one cranial bone because the periosteum holds the bleeding in place. It appears several hours after birth and gradually increases in size. Will reabsorbed during the first few weeks of life without treatment. Common with forcep delivery. Babies born with this are at greater risk for jaundice as the red blood cells with in the hematoma are broken down and reabsorbed. |
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Term
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Definition
| a severe deformity caused by premature closure of the sutures. Results in a long narrow head. |
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Term
| Delayed closure or larger than normal fontanel size occurs with... |
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Definition
| hydrocephalus, down syndrome, hypothyroidism, or rickets |
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Term
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Definition
| obstruction of drainage of cerebrospinal fluid results in excesive accumulation, increasing intracranial pressure and enlargement of the head. The face looks small compared with the enlarged cranium. The increasing pressure also produces dilated sxalp veins, frontal bossing, and down cast or "setting sun" eyes. the cranial bones thin, sutures separate, and percussion yields a "cracked pot" sound. |
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Term
| Paget's disease of bone (Osteitis Deformans) |
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Definition
| A skeletal disease of increased bone resorption and formation, which softens, thickens, and deforms bone. It occures more often in males. The disease is characterized by bowed long bones, sudden fractures, frontal bossing, and enlarging skull bones that form an acorn-shaped cranium. Enlarging skull bones press on cranial nerves, causing symptoms of headache, vertigo, tinnitus, progressive deafness, and optic atrophy and compression of the spinal cord. |
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Term
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Definition
| Excessive secretion of growth hormone from the pituitary gland after puberty creates an enlarged skull and thickened cranial bones. |
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Term
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Definition
| A hematoma in one sternomastoid muscle, probably injured by intrauterine malposition, results in head tilt to one side and limited neck ROM to the opposite side. You will feel a firm, discrete, non-tender mass in mid-muscle on the involved side. This requires treatment, or the muscle becomes fibrotic and permanently shortened with permanent limitation of ROM, asymmetry of head and face, and visual problems from a non-horizontal position of the eyes. |
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Term
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Definition
| A chronic enlargement of the thyroid gland that occurs in some regions of the world where the soil is low in iodine. not due to a neoplasm. |
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Term
| Parotid Gland Enlargement |
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Definition
| rapid painful inflammation of the parotid occurs with mumps. Parotid swelling also occurs with blockage of a duct, abscess, or tumor. Note swelling anterior to lower ear love. Stensen duct obstruction can occur in aging adults dehydrated from diuretics or anticholinergics. |
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Term
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Definition
| Facial malformations may be recognizable at birth. Characteristic faces include narrow palpebral fissures, epicanthal folds, and mid facial hypoplasia. |
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Term
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Definition
| Chromosomal aberration. Head and face characteristics may include upslanting eyes with inner epicanthal folds; flat nasal bridge; small, broad, flat nose; protruding thick tongue; ear dysplasia; short, broad neck with webbing; and small hands with single palmar crease. |
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Term
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Definition
| Children with chronic allergies such as atopic dermatitis often develop characteristic facial features. Theses include exhausted face, blue shadows below the eyes ("allergic shiners") from sluggish venous return, a double or single crease on the lower eyelids (Morgan's lines), central facial pallor, and open-mouth breathing (allergic gaping). The open-mouth breathing can lead to malocclusion of the teeth and malformed jaw because the child's bones are still forming. |
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Term
| Allergic Salute and Crease |
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Definition
| the transverse line on the nose is also a feature of chronic allergies. It is formed when the child chronically uses the hand to push the nose up and back to relieves itching and to free swollen turbinates, which allows air passage |
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Term
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Definition
| A deficiency of the neurotransmitter dopamine and degeneration of the basal ganglia in the brain. The immobility of features produces a face that is flat and expression less "mask-like" with elevated eyebrows, staring gaze, oily skin, and drooling. |
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Term
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Definition
| Excessive secretion of corticotropin hormone (ACTH and chronic steroid use, the person develops a plethoric, rounded, "moonlike" face; prominent jowls; red cheeks; hirsutism on the upper lip, lower cheeks and chin and acneiform rash on the chest. |
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Term
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Definition
| Goiter is an increase in the size of the thyroid gland and occurs with hyperthyroidism, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and hypothyroidism. Graves disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism, manifested by goiter and exophthalmos (bulging eyeballs). Symptoms include nervousness, fatigue, weight loss, muscle cramps, and heat intolerance; signs include tachycardia, shortness of breath, excessive seating, fine muscle tremor, thin silky hair and skin, infrequent blinking and a staring appearance. |
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Term
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Definition
| A deficiency of thyroid hormone, when severe, causes a non-piting edema or myxdema. Note puffy, edematous face, especially around eyes (periorbital edema), coarse facial features, dry skin, and dry , course hair and eybrows. |
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Term
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Definition
| A lower motor neuron lesion (peripheral), producing cranial nerve VII paralysis, which is almost always unilateral. It has a rapid onset, and its cause is currently thought to be herpes simplex virus. Note complete paralysis of one half of the face; the person cannot wrinkle forehead, raise eyebrow, close eye, whistle, or show teeth on one side. Usually presents with smooth forehead, wide palpable fissure flat nasolabial fold, drooling, and pain behind ear. |
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Term
| Stroke or Cerebrovascular Accident |
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Definition
| An upper motor neuron lesion (central). A stroke (or brain attack) is an acute neurologic deficit caused by an obstruction of a cerebral vessel, as in atherosclerosis, or a rupture in a cerebral vessel. If you suspect a stroke, ask if the person can smile. Note paralysis of the lower facial muscles, but also not the the upper half of the face is not affected because of the intact nerve from the unaffected hemisphere. The person is still able to wrinkle the forehead and close the eyes. |
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Term
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Definition
| literally, "hard skin" this rare connective tissue disease is characterized by chronic hardening and shrinking degenerative changes in the skin, blood vessels, synovium, and skeletal muscles. Changes can occur in the skin, heart, esophagus, kidney, lung. Characteristic facies: hard, shiny skin on forehead and cheeks; thin, pursed lips with radial furrowing; absent skinfolds; muscle atrophy on face and neck; absence of expression. |
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Term
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Definition
| Nose bleeds, occurs with trauma, vigorous nose blowing, foreign body. Person should sit p with head tilted forward, pinch nose between thumb and forefinger for 5-15 minutes |
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Term
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Definition
| grinding of the teeth usually at night |
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Term
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Definition
| dry mouth; it is a side effect of many drugs: antidepressants, anticholenergics, antispasmodics, antihypertensives, antipsychotics, bronchodilators. |
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Term
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Definition
| nasal mucosa is swollen and bright red with URI. Discharge is common with rhinitis and siunsitis, varying from watery and copious to thick, purulent, and green-yellow. With chronic allergy, mucosa looks swollen, boggy, pale, and gray. |
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Term
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Definition
| smooth, pale gray, avascular, mobile, nontender nodules, wich are over growths of mucosa, most commonly caused by chronic allergic rhinitis. Symptoms include the absence of a sense of smell and a "valve that moves" in the nose as the person breaths. |
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Term
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Definition
| a small boil located in the skin or mucous membrane; appears red and swollen and is quite painful. Avoid any manipulation or trauma that may spread the infection. |
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Term
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Definition
| The first sign is a clear, watery discharge, rhinorrhea, which later becomes purulent. THis is accompanied by sneezing and swollen mucosa, which causes nasal obstruction. Turbinates are dark red and swollen. |
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Term
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Definition
| Rhinorrhea, itching of nose and eyes, lacrimation, nasal congestion, and sneezing are present. Note serous edema and swelling of terbinates to fill the air space. turbinates are usually pale (although may appear violet), and their surface looks smooth and glistening. May be seasonal or perennial depending on allergen. Individual has a strong family history of seasonal allergies. |
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Term
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Definition
| Maxillofacial clefts are the mos common congenital deformities of the head and neck. the incidence varies among racial grops, being highest in American Indeans and in Asians and lowest in Blacks. Early treatment preserves the functions of speech and language formation and deglutition. |
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Term
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Definition
| The cold sores are groups of clear vesicles with a surrounding indurated erythmatous base. These evolve into pustules, which rupture, weep and crust and heal in 4 to 10 days. The most likely site is the lip-skin junction; infection often recurs in same site. The lesion is highly contagious and is spread by direct contact. Recurrent herpes infections may be precipitated by sunlight, fever, colds, and allergy. Affects 50% of adults. |
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Term
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Definition
| Erythema, scaling, shallow and painful fissures at he corners of the mouth occur with excess salivation and Candida infection. It is often seen in edentulous persons and in those with poorly fitting dentures causing folding in of corners of mouth. creating a warm, moist environment favoring growth of yeast. |
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Term
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Definition
| The initial lesion is round and indurated, and then it becomes crusted and ulcerated with an elevated border. the majority occur between the outer and middle thirds of lip. Any lesion that is still unhealed after 2 weeks should be referred. |
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Term
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Definition
| A nontender, fibrous nodule of the gum, seen emerging between the teeth; an inflammatory response to injury or hemorrhage. |
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Term
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Definition
| Painless enlargement of the gums, sometimes overreaching the teeth. This occurs with puberty, pregnancy, and leukemia and with long therapeutic use of phenytoin (Dilantin) |
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Term
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Definition
| gum margins are red and swolen and bleed easily. Inflammation is usually due to poor dental hygiene or vitamin C deficiency. |
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Term
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Definition
| A "canker sore" is a vesicle at first and then a small, round,"punched-out" ulcer with a white base surrounded by a red halo. It is quite painful and lasts for 1-2 weeks. The cause is unknown, although it is associated with stress, fatigue, and food allergy. 20-60% of the population. |
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Term
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Definition
| Small blue-white spots with irregular red halo scattered over mucosa opposite the molars. An early sign and pathognomonic of measles. |
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Term
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Definition
| Chalky white, thick raised patch with well-defined borders. THe lesion is firmly attached and does not scrape off. It may occur on the lateral edges of tongue. It is due to chronic irritation and occurs more frequently with heavy smoking an dheavy alcohol use. Lesions are precancerous, and the person should be referred. Can be seen in pt with ill fitting dentures. |
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Term
| Candidiasis or Monilial Infection |
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Definition
| A white, cheesy, curdlike patch on the buccal mucosa and tongue. It scrapes off, leaving a raw red surface that bleeds easily. Termed "thrush" in the newborn. It is an opportunistic infection that occurs after the use of antibiotics and corticosteroids and in immunosuppressed persons. |
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Term
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Definition
| (tongue-tie) a short lingual frenulum, fixing the tongue tip to the floor of the mouth and gums. This limits mobility and will affect speech (pronunciation of a,d,e) if the tongue tip cannot be elevated to the alveolar ridge. A congenital defect. |
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Term
| Geographic Tongue (Migratory Glossitis) |
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Definition
| Pattern of normal coating interspersed with bright red, shiny circular bald areas with raised pearly borders. Pattern resembles a map and changes in a few days. Not significant and its cause is not known. |
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Term
| Smooth, Glossy Tongue (Atrophic Glossitis) |
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Definition
| The surface is slick and shiny; the mucosa thins and looks red from decreased papillae. Accompanied by drness of tongue and burning. Occurs with vitamin B12 deficiency (pernicious anemia), folic acid deficiency, and iron deficiency anemia. |
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Term
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Definition
| This is not really hair but, rather the elongation of filiform papillae and painless overgrowth of mycelial threads of fungus infection on the tongue. Color varies from black-brown to yellow. It occurs after use of antibiotics, which inhibit normal bacteria and allow proliferation of fungus. |
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Term
| Fissured or Scrotal Tongue |
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Definition
| Deep furrow divide the papillae into small irregular row. |
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Term
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Definition
| An ulcer with rolled edges; indurated. Occurs particularly at sides, base, and under the tongue. When it is in the floor of the mouth, it may cause painful movement or limited movement of tongue. Risk for early metastasis is present because of rich lymphatic drainage. Heavy smoking and heavy alcohol use place persons at greater risk. |
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Term
| Enlarged Tongue (Macroglossia) |
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Definition
| The tongue is enlarged and may protrude from mouth. THe condition in not painful but may inpait speech development. Occurs with Down syndrome, cretinism, myxedema, acromegaly, also a transient swelling occurs with local infections. |
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Term
| Acute Tonsillitis and Pharyngitis |
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Definition
| Bright red throat; swollen tonsilsl white or yellow exudate on tonsils and pharynx; swollen uvula; and enlared, tender anteriour cervical and tonsillar nodes. Accompanied by severe sore throat, painful swallowing, fever >101 of sudden onset. |
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Term
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Definition
| The hair follicles that develop in the fetus at 3 months' gestation; by midgestation, most of the skin is covered, fine downy hair of the newborn infant. |
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Term
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Definition
| thick, cheesy substance made up of sebum and shed epithelial cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| The change in homone levels results in increased pigment in the areolae and nipples, and sometimes in the midline of the abdomen. |
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Term
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Definition
| connective tissue develops increased fragility resulting in stretch marks. |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| significant loss of hair. |
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Term
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Definition
| small flat macules of brown melanin pigment tat occur on sun-exposed skin. |
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Term
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Definition
| (nevus) a proliferation of melanocytes, tan to brown color, flat or raised. Acquired nevi are characterized by their symmetry, small size (6mm or less), smooth borders, and single uniform pigmentation. |
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Term
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Definition
| a macular only and occurs in children and adolescents. It progresses to the compound nevi in young adults |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| When the red-pink tones from the oxygenated hemoglobin in the blood are lost, the skin takes on the color of connective tissue, which is mostly white. Pallor is common in acute high-stress states, such as anxiety or fear because of powerful peripheral vasoconstriction from sympathetic nervous systems stimulation. Exposure to cold, cigarette smoking and in the presence of edema, anemia, shock, arterial insuffinciency; pallor can be observed |
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Term
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Definition
| an intense redness of the skin from excess blood (hyperemia) in the dilated superficial capillaries. This sign is expected with fever, with local inflammation, or with emotional reactions such as blushing in vascular flush areas. Occurs with polycythemia, venous stasis, carbon monoxide poisoning. |
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Term
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Definition
| Bluish mottled color that signifies decreased perfusion; the tissues do not have enough oxygen. Indicates hypoxemia and occurs with shock, heart failure, chrinic bronchitis, and congenital heart disease. |
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Term
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Definition
| A yellowish skin color indicates rising amounts of bilirubin in the blood. Occurs with hepatitis, cirrhosis, sickle-cell disease, transfusion reaction and hemolytic disease of the new born |
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Term
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Definition
| profuse perspiration, accompanies and increased metabolic rate, such as occurs in heavy activity or fever. |
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Term
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Definition
| a common variation of hyperpigmentation in Black, Asian, American Indian, and Hispanic newborns. It is a blue black to purple macular area at the sacrum or buttocks but sometimes on the abdomen, thighs, shoulders or arms. It is due to deep dermal malanocytes. It gradually fades during the first year. |
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Term
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Definition
| a large round or oval patch of light brown pigmentation, which is usually present at birth. |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when the baby is in a side-lying position. the lower half of the body turns red and the upper half blanches with a distinct demarcation line down the mid line. The cause is unknown and its occurrence is transient. |
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Term
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Definition
| a common rash that appears in the first 3-4 days of life. Sometimes called the "flea bite" rash or newborn rash, in consists of tiny punctate red macules and papules on the cheeks, trunk, chest, back and buttocks. The cause is unknown and no treatment is needed. |
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Term
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Definition
| a bluish color around the lips, hands and fingernails, and feet and toenails.This may last for a few hours and disappear with warming. |
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Term
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Definition
| is a transient mottling in the trunk and extremities in response to cooler room temperatures. It forms a reticulated red or blue pattern over the skin. |
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Term
| Persistent generalized cyanosis indicates |
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Definition
| distress, such as cyanotic congenital heart disease. |
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Term
| Persistent or pronounced cutis marmorata occurs with |
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Definition
| Down syndrome or prematurity |
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Term
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Definition
| Yellowing of the skin, sclera, and mucous membranes develops after the 3rd or 4th day of life because of the increasd numbers of red blood cells that hemolyze after birth. May indicate hemolytic disease. |
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Term
| Jaundice after 2 weeks of age |
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Definition
| may indicate biliary tract obstruction |
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Term
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Definition
| produces a yellow-orange color in light-skinned persons but no yellowing in the sclera or mucous membranes. It comes from ingestion larfe amounts of foods containing carotene, a vitamin A precursor. |
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Term
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Definition
| milia are tiny while papules on the cheeks and forehead and across the nose and chin caused by sebum that occludes the opening of the follicles. Tell parents not to squeeze the lesions; milia resolve spontaneously within a few weeks. |
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Term
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Definition
| (salmon patch) is a flat, irregularly shaped red or pink patch found on the forehead, eyelid or upper lip but most commonly at the back of the neck. It is present at birth and usually fades during the first year. |
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Term
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Definition
| tiny red centers with radiating branches and occur on the face, neck, upper chest, and arms. |
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Term
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Definition
| commonly called liver spots, these are small, flat, brown macules. Are clusters of melanocytes that appear after extensive sun exposure. They are not malignant and require no treatment. |
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Term
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Definition
| looks dark, greasy and "stuck on" they develop most on in the trunk. They do not become cancerous. |
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Term
| actinic (senile or solar) keratosis |
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Definition
| lesions are red-tan scaly plagues that increase over the years to become raised and roughened. they may have a silvery-white scale adherent to the plaque. They occur on sun-exposed surfaces and are directly related to sun exposure. They are premalignant and may develop into squamous cell carcinoma. |
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Term
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Definition
| skin tags;which are overgrowths of normal skin that form a stalk and are polyp-like. They occur frequently on eyelids, cheeks and neck, and axillae and trunk. |
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Term
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Definition
| consists of raised yellow papules with a central depression. they are more common in men, occurring over the forehead, nose, or cheeks. They have a pebbly look. |
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Term
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Definition
| circular lesion, begins in center and spreads to periphery (tinea corporis or ringworm) |
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Term
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Definition
| lesions run together (hives) |
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Term
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Definition
| distinct, individual lesions that remain separate (skin tags or acne) |
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Term
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Definition
| twisted, coiled spiral, snakelike lesions. |
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Term
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Definition
| clusters of lesions (vesicles of contact dermatitis) |
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Term
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Definition
| a scratch, streak, line or stripe lesion |
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Term
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Definition
| or iris, resemles iris of eye, concentric rings of color in the lesions (erythema multiforme) |
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Term
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Definition
| linear arrangement along a unilateral nerve route (herpes zoster) |
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Term
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Definition
| annular lesions grow together (psoriasis) |
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Term
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Definition
| soley a color change, flat and circomscribed, of less than 1 cm. Examples: freckles, flat nevi, hypopigmentation, petechiae, measles, carlet fever. |
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Term
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Definition
| Macules that are larger than 1 cm Examples: mongolian spot, vitiligo, cafe' au lait spot, chloasma, measles rash. |
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Term
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Definition
| solid, elevated, hard or soft larger than 1 cm. May extend deeper into dermis than papule. Examples: xanthoma, fibroma, intradermal nevi. |
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Term
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Definition
| larger then a few centimeters in diameter, firm or soft, deeper into dermis; may be benign or malignant |
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Term
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Definition
| Something you can feel(i.e., solid, elevated, circumscribed less than 1 cm diameter)caused by superficial thicknening in the epidermis. Examples: elevated nevus (mole), wart |
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Term
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Definition
| papules coalesce to form surface elevation wider than 1cm. A plateau-like, disk-shaped lesion. Examples: psoriasis |
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Term
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Definition
| Superficial, raised, transient, and erythematous; slightly irregular shape due to edema. Example: mosquito bite, allergic reaction |
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Term
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Definition
| hives; wheals coalesce to form extensive reaction, intensely pruritic. |
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Term
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Definition
| Elevated cavity containing free fluid, up to 1 cm; a "blister". Clear serum flows if wall is ruptured. Examples: herpes simplex, early varicella |
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Term
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Definition
| Larger than 1cm diameter; usually single chambered; superficial in epidermis; it is thin walled so it ruptures easily. Examples: friction blister, burns |
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Term
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Definition
| Encapsulated fluid-filled cavity in dermis or subcutaneous layer, tensely elevation skin. Examples: sebaceous cyst, wen. |
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Term
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Definition
| Turbid fluid (pus)in the cavity. Circumscribed and elevated. Examples: impetigo, acne. |
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Term
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Definition
| the thickened, dried-out exudate left when vesicles/pustules burst or dry up. Color can be red-brown, honey, or yellow, depending on the fluid's ingredients (blood, serum, pus). |
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Term
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Definition
| compact, desiccated flakes of skin, dry or greasy, silvery or white, from shedding of dead excess keratin cells. Examples: psoriasis |
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Term
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Definition
| Linear crack with abrupt edges, extends into dermis, dry or moist. Examples: cheilosis |
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Term
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Definition
| Scooped out but shallow depression. Superficial; epidermis lost; moist but no bleeding; heals without scar because erosion does not extend into dermis |
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Term
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Definition
| deeper depression extending into dermis, irregular shape; may bleed' leaves scar when heals. Ex: pressure sore, chancre |
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Term
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Definition
| Self-inflicted abrasion; superficial; sometimes crusted scratched from intense itching. Ex: insect bites |
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Term
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Definition
| After a skin lesion is repaired normal tissue is lost and replaced with connective tissue (collagen). This is a permanent fibrotic change. |
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Term
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Definition
| the resulting skin level is depressed with loss of tissue; a thinning of the epidermis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Prolonged, intense scratching eventually thickens the skin and produces tightly packed sets of papules; looks like surface of moss. |
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Term
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Definition
| A hypertrophic scar. The resulting skin level is elevated by excess scar tissue, which is invasive beyond the site of original injury. May increase long after healing occurs. Looks smooth, rubbery, and 'clawlike' and has a higher incidence among Blacks. |
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Term
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Definition
| Moist, thin-roofed vesicles with thin, erythmatous base. Rupture to form thick, honey-colored crusts. Contagious bacterial infection of skin; most common in infants and children. |
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Term
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Definition
| Scaly, erythematous patch, with silvery scales on top. Usually on scalp outside of elbows and knees, low back, and anogenital area. |
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Term
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Definition
| Usually starts as a skin-colored papule with a pearly translucent top. Most common form of skin cancer; slow but inexorable growth. Basal cell cancers occur on sun-exposed areas of face, ears, scalp, shoulders. |
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Term
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Definition
| Less common than basal cell carcinoma but grow rapidly. Usually on hands or head, areas exposed to UV radiation. |
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Term
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Definition
| (Scalp Ringworm)Rounded, patchy hair loss on scalp, leaving broken-off hairs, pustules, and scales on skin. Caused by fungal infection;lesions may fluoresce blue-green under Wood's light. |
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Term
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Definition
| Traction Alopecia: Linear or oval patch of hair loss along hair line, a part, or scattered distribution; caused by trauma from hair rollers, tight braiding, tight ponytail, barrettes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Patchy, asymmetric, balding that accompanies severe illness or use of chemotherapy where growing hairs are lost and resting hairs are spared. Regrowth occurs after illness or discontinuation of toxin |
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Term
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Definition
| Sudden appearance of a sharply circumscribed, round or oval balding patch, usually with smooth, soft, hairless skin underneath. Unknown cause; when limited to a few patches, person usually has complete regrowth. |
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Term
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Definition
| (Cradle Cap) Thick, yellow to white, greasy, adherent scales with mild erythema on scalp and forehead; very common in early infancy. Resembles eczema lesions except cradle cap is distinguished by absence or pruritus, 'greasy' yellow-pink lesions, and negative family history of allergy. |
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Definition
| Superficial infection of hair follicles. Multiple pustules, 'whiteheads' with hair visible at center and erythematous base. Usually on arms, legs, face, and buttocks. |
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Definition
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Definition
| Traumatic self-induced hair loss usually the result of compulsive twisting or plucking. Person is never completely bald. Serious problem and is usually a sign of a personality disorder. |
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Term
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Definition
| Excess body hair in females forming a male sexual pattern, caused by endocrine or metabolic dysfunction or occasionally idiopathic. |
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Term
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Definition
| Red, swollen, hard, tender, pus-filled lesion caused by acute, localized bacterial infection; usualy on back of neck , buttocks, occasionally on writs or ankles. Furuncles are due to infected hair follicles, whereas abscesses are due to traumatic introduction of bacteria into the skin. Abscesses are usually larger and deeper than furuncles. |
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Term
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Definition
| Red, Swollen, tender inflammation of the nail folds. Acute paronychia is usually a bacterial infection; chronic paronychia is most often a fungal infection from a break in the cuticle in those who perform wet work. |
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Term
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Definition
| Transverse furrow or groove. A depression across the nail that extends down to the nail bed. Occurs with any trauma that temporarily impairs nail formation, such as acute illness, toxic reaction, or local trauma. Dent appears first at the cuticle and moves forward as nail grows. |
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Term
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Definition
| Red-brown linear streaks, embolic lesions, occur with subacute bacterial endocarditis; also may occur with minor trauma. |
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Term
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Definition
| This is a slow, persistent fungal infection of fingernails and, more often, toenails, common in older adults. Fungus causes a change in color (green where nail plate separated from bed), texture, thickness, with nail crumbling or breaking, and loosening of the nail plate, usually beginning at the distal edge and progressing proximally. |
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Term
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Definition
| inner edge of nail elevates; nail bed angle is greater than 180 degrees. Diseases that disrupt normal pulmonary circulation(chronic lung inflammation, bronchial tumors, heart defects with right-to-left shunts)cause fragmented platelets to become trapped in the fingertip vasculature, releasing platelet-derived growth factor and promoting growth of vessels, which shows as clubbing. If primary disease is treated, clubbing can reverse. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sharply defined pitting and crumbling of the nails with distal detachment often occurs with psoriasis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Depression down middle of nail of multiple horizontal ridges, caused by continuous picking of cuticle by another finger of same hand, which causes injury to nail base and nail matrix. |
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