Itching -

most commonly reported symptom of skin disease

Not a disease in itself -

A symptom of of an allergic response, skin disorder, or systemic illness

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Increased melanin

Indication of endocrine disorder or liver disease

Yellowish color of skin

Best seen in the sclera of the eyes

Silver or pink "stretch marks"

Normal variation secondary to weight gain or pregnancy

Tiny, flat, reddish purple, nonblanchable spots; less than 0.5 cm

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Irregular-shaped, elevated, progressively enlarging scar; grows beyond wound boundaries

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Unpigmented patch or patches, more common in dark-skinned races

Hair Loss

Often occurs as a manifestation of many systemic diseases or treatment with radiation or antineoplastic agents

Hair growth in women with an increase of hair on face, body, & pubic area

Sign of an underlying endocrine disorder

Spoon nail; thin, depressed nail with lateral edges turned upward

Associated with anemia or may be congenital; Also look for palor

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White spots on nail plate

Usually caused by minor trauma

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Angle of nail base exceeds 180 degrees

Associated with chronic respiratory or cardiovascular disease

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Groove or transverse depression running across the nail

Trauma temporarily impairs nail formation

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Associated with psoriasis

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Single lesion; demarcated lesions that remain separate

ex. insect bites

Lesions bunch together in little groups

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Annular lesions that come in contact with one another as they spread

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Lesions form a line

ex. poison ivy

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Lesions follow a nerve

ex. herpes zoster

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Lesions scattered all over body

ex. chicken pox

Round with central clearing

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Pink macule with purple concentric ring

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Snakelike appearance

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Flat, circumscribed area that is a change in the color of the skin; less than 1 cm

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Elevated, firm, circumscribed area; less than 1 cm

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Flat, nonpalpable, irregular-shaped macule; more than 1 cm

ex. birthmark

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Elevated, firm, & rough lesion with flat top surface greater than 1 cm

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Elevated irregular-shaped area of cutaneous edema; solid, transient (not lasting); variable diameter

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Elevated, firm, circumscribed lesion; deeper in dermis than papule; 1-2 cm

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Elevated and solid lesion; may or may not be clearly demarcated; deeper in dermis; greater than 2 cm

Elevated, circumscribed, superficial, not in dermis; filled with serous fluid; less than 1 cm

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Vesicle greater than 1 cm

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Elevated, superficial lesion; similar to vesicle but filled with purulent fluid

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Elevated, circumscribed, encapsulated lesion; in dermis or subcutaneous layer; filled with liquid or semisolid material

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Heaped-up keratinized cells; flaky skin; irregulr; thick or thin; dry or oily; variation in size

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Rough, thickened epidermis secondary to persistent rubbing, itching, or skin irritation

Often involves flexor surface of extremity

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Thin to thick fibrous tissue that replaces normal skin following injury or laceration

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Loss of epidermis; linear hollowed-out crusted area; abrasion or scratch

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Linear crack or break from the epidermis to the dermis; moist or dry; ex. athlete's foot

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Dried drainage or blood; slightly elevated; variable size; colors variable - red, black, tan, or mixed

ex. scab on abrasion

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Loss of part of the epidermis; depressed, moist, glistening; follows rupture of a vesicle or bulla

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Loss of epidermis & dermis; concave; varies in size

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Thinning of the skin surface and loss of skin markings; skin appears translucent and paperlike

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Small, slightly raised, bright red area; increase in size and number with age

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Flat, reddish purple, nonblanchable discoloration; greater than 0.5 cm

Caused by infection or bleeding disorders resulting in hemorrhage of blood into skin

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Benign tumor consisting of a mass of small blood vessels; can vary in size

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Angioma that involves capillaries within the skin producing an irregular macular patch that can vary from light red to dark red, to purple in color

ex. port wine stain

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Permanent dilation of preexisting small blood vessels; superficial, fine, irregular red lines within the skin

aka spider veins

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Type of telangiectasia; small central red area with radiating spiderlike legs; blanches with pressure

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Type of telangiectasia; nonpalpable bluish star-shaped lesion that may be linear or irregularly shaped

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Prolonged redness (nonblanchable) with unbroken skin

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Partial-thickness skin loss involving epidermis & dermis; appears as a superficial abrasion, blister, or excoriation

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Full-thickness skin loss with damage to the subcutaneous tissue; may note serosanguineous drainage; manifests as a deep crater with or without undermining of adjacent tissue

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Full-thickness skin loss with invasion of deeper tissue into the muscle or bone (or both); appears as an open ulceration with purulent drainage & peripheral crusting

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Purple or maroon localized area of discolored intact skin due to damage of underlying soft tissue

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Full thickness tissue loss in which the base is completely covered by slough and/or eschar

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Erythema localized on cheeks and nose

Butterfly rash

Darkening of skin in skin folds; neck, groin, axillae

Seen in obesity; Skin looks dirty

Fungal nails

Common on toes & fake nails