DESCENDING/AFFERENT

transmit impulses from brain to muscles

1) corticobulbar 2) extrapyramidal or indirect 4) cerebellum

PYRAMIDAL

carry impulses from the cerebral cortex to lower motor neurons that innervate the skeletal mucles, resulting in voluntary movement

1) anterior corticospinal 2) lateral corticospinal 3) anterior coritcobulbar 4) lateral corticobulbar

EXTRAPYRAMIDAL

Carry impulses from the brainstem and other parts of the brain, resulting in automatic movement, coordination of movement, and maintenance of skeletal muscle tone and posture

1) reticulospinal 2) rubrospinal 3) tectospinal 4) vestibulospinal

CROSSED PYRAMIDAL

Major tract controlling movements of extremities, fine movements of fingers 

UNCROSSED PYRAMIDAL

    Voluntary movement of axial muscles

UNCROSSED PYRAMIDAL

Cranial nerves 

CROSSED EXTRAPYRAMIDAL

Control and coordination of skilled muscle movement

Minor influence on movement 

UNCROSSED EXTRAPYRAMIDAL

Integration of axial body movements

Maintenance of body posture

Integrationg of body and limb movements

Minor influence on movement 

UNCROSSED EXTRAPYRAMIDAL

Maintenance of body posture

Integration of body and limb movements 

• do not depend on conscious perception and interpretation of stimuli

• involved just one sensory neuron communicating across a single synapse to one responding motor neuron
• patellar reflex/knee-jerk reflex (stretch reflex)