Term
| Name all 12 in a row along with their foramina. |
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Definition
1. Olfactory - cribriform plate
2. Optic - Optic canal
3. Oculomotor - superior orbital fissure
4. Trochlear - superior orbital fissure
5. Trigeminal - V1 superior orbital fissure, V2 foramen rotundum, V3 foramen ovale
6. Abducens - superior orbital fissure
7. Facial - internal acoustic meatus to stylomastoid for.
8. Vestibulocochlear - internal acoustic meatus
9. Glossopharyngeal - jugular foramen
10. Vagus - jugular foramen
11. Accessory - jugular foramen
12. Hypoglossal - hypoglossal canal |
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Term
| Oculomotor nerve distribution and lesion. |
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Definition
Distribution;
All muscles of eye movement (including intrinsic) except the lateral rectus m. (abducins) and superior oblique m.(trochlear).
Lesion;
Produces "down n' out" symptoms because of eye position. (The Lateral rectus pulls it out, and the superior oblique pulls it weakly down) |
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Term
| Trochlear nerve distribution and lesion. |
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Definition
Distribution;
Superior Oblique m. (mostly intorsion, but also weakly down)
Lesion; Weakness of downward movement of eye. Also causes double vision in vertical plane (vertical diplopia) compensated for by tilting head down. |
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Term
| Abducens nerve distribution and lesion. |
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Definition
Distribution:
Lateral ructus m. (abduction or eye - away from midline in horizontal plane)
Lesion; Eye cannot be abducted and creates cross eyed appearance. Causes diplopia (double vision) in horizontal plane compensated for by turning head to view objects at an angle. |
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Term
| 8 Branches of facial nerve, distribution, and lesion. |
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Definition
Distribution;
Derivatives of 2nd arch via it's 8 branches;
-Via 5 facial branches (temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, & cervical); Muscles of facial expression, stylohyoid, and post. belly of digastric
-Via n. to Stapedius; Stapedius (middle ear)
-Via chorda tympani; Taste from ant. 2/3 of tongue
-Via greater petrosal (and chorda tympani; Parasympathetic distribution to head except parotid and eye
Lesion; Bell's palsy (droopy face) |
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Term
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Definition
| Pseudounipolar (i.e. sensory) ganglion of facial nerve inside the facial canal (through petrous part of temporal bone) for special sensory fibers of chorda tympani n. (taste for ant. 2/3 of tongue) |
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Term
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Definition
| Parasympathetic ganglion of facial nerve in the back of the nasal cavity and receiving fibers from the greater petrosal nerve. (fibers for nasal and oral mucosa along with lacrimal gland) |
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Term
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Definition
| Parasympathetic ganglion of the facial nerve located hanging off the lingual nerve and receiving fibers from the chorda tympani. (fibers for two lower salivary glands) |
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Term
| Trigeminal nerve division distributions and any ganglia. |
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Definition
Besides the ophthalmic (V1), maxillary (V2), and mandibular (V3) divisions which all synapse in the trigeminal ganglion (pseudo unipolar) and give sensory to the face, there is a motor component that travels with V3 and supplies;
the muscles of mastication,
mylohyoid,
ant. belly of digastric (facial gets post.),
tensor veil palatine (soft palate),
and tensor tympani (inserts into malleus) |
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Term
| Where are the cell bodies for taste (from tongue)? |
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Definition
| The geniculate gangion and the superior ganglion (of IX) |
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Term
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Definition
| Branch of V3, responsible for tongue sensation. The submandibular ganglion is located on it. |
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Term
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Definition
| The parasympathetic ganglion in the back of the orbit for the occulomotor nerve (III). Sympathetic fibers also pass through, but do not synapse. |
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Term
| Vestibulocochlear nerve distribution and any ganglia. |
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Definition
| Made up of the vestibular nerve (sensory, cell bodies in vestibular ganglion in inner ear), which is for balance, and the cochlear nerve (sensory, cell bodies in cochlear/spiral ganglia), which is for hearing. |
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Term
| Glossopharyngeal nerve; ganglia, fiber types (5), and distribution. |
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Definition
It is associated with three ganglia; the otic ganglion (parasympathetic), and the superior and inferior ganglia of the glossopharyngeal n. (sensory, i.e. pseudounipolar).
Para fibers (aka viceral motor); from otic to parotid gland
Special sensory; taste for post. 1/3 of tongue
Somatic (general) sensory; to pharynx, middle ear, tonsils, and posterior 1/3 of tongue
Viceral sensory; from sup. ganglion to carotid sinus (pressure), and carotid body (gas levels)
Somatic motor; from medulla to stylopharyngeus. |
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Term
| Vagus Nerve fiber types (5), distribution, and ganglia |
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Definition
Motor; to muscles of pharynx (except stylopharyngeus - IX), intrinsic muscles of larynx, soft palate muscles (except tensor veli palatini - V3), and striated muscle of esophagus. Also palatoglossus of tongue.
Viceral motor (parasympathetic); to most things in body cavity. Use terminal ganglia.
Visceral sensory; from same as viceral motor. These fibers use the superior ganglion.
Special sensory; from palate and uvula (taste). Use the inferior ganglion.
Somatic sensory; from external ear canal and inside skull. Use the superior ganglion |
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Term
| List ganglia of vagus nerve. |
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Definition
Superior and inferior ganglia of vagus nerve (sensory)
and terminal ganglia of vagus nerve (para - in organ walls) |
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Term
| List ganglia of facial nerve |
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Definition
For para we have pterygopalatine & submandibular ganglia,
and for the special sensory (taste) there is the geniculate ganglion. |
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Term
| List ganglia of trigeminal nerve. |
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Definition
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Term
| List any oculomotor ganglia. |
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Definition
| Ciliary ganglion behind eye. Parasympathetic. |
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Term
| List the trochlear nerve ganglia. |
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Definition
| There are none. It only gives motor to the superior oblique m. of the eye and has its cell bodies in the midbrain. |
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Term
| List the abducent nerve ganglia. |
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Definition
| There are none. It only gives motor to the lateral rectus m. of the eye and has its cell bodies in the pons. |
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Term
| List the vestibulocochlear ganglia. |
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Definition
| Vestibular and spiral ganglia. |
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Term
| List the glossopharyngeal ganglia. |
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Definition
| It has superior and inferior sensory ganglia, and also the otic ganglia for para to the parotid |
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Term
| Spinal accessory distribution and cell bodies? |
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Definition
| Cell bodies are in the spinal cord. It sends motor fibers to the scm and trapezius muscles. |
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Term
| Hypoglossal nerve distribution and lesion? |
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Definition
| It is motor and innervates all the muscles of the tongue except the palatoglossus (vagus). A lesion will cause the tongue to point to the ipsilateral side. (Compare this to a vagus lesion which causes the uvula to bend to the contralateral side) |
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Term
| Hypoglossal nerve ganglia? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where are the cell bodies for the accessory nerve? |
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Definition
In the medulla (cranial part) and spinal cord (spinal part).
[note;] old school anatomy says there is a cranial portion of the accessory that joins the vagus and has the same function and distribution. New school anatomy says that there is no cranial portion at all because it basically joins the vagus right off the bat. |
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Term
| Which cranial nerves have cell bodies in the pons? (presynaptic or motor) |
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Definition
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Term
| Which cranial nerves have cell bodies in the medulla? (presynaptic or motor) |
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Definition
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Term
| Which cranial nerves have cell bodies in the midbrain? (presynaptic or motor) |
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Definition
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Term
| What 6 structures pass through the cavernous sinus? |
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Definition
| 3, 4, V1, abducent nerve, V2, internal carotid |
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Term
| What is the motor innervation to tongue? |
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Definition
| All hypoglossal except palatoglossus (vagus) |
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Term
| What is the motor innervation to soft palate? |
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Definition
| Vagus except for the tensor veli palatini (V3 via medial pterygoid n.) |
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Term
| Tympanic membrane innervation |
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Definition
Inner surface; glossopharyngeal (via tympanic plexus)
Outer surface; Post. half by vagus, ant. half by V3 |
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Term
| What is the motor innervation to the pharynx? |
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Definition
| Vagus except for stylopharyngeus (glossophyrangeal n.) |
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Term
| Sensory to dura of cranium? |
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Definition
V3 via meningeal branch through foramen spinosum.
Also vagus via meningeal branch. |
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Term
| The _________ division of V3 is completely motor except for the ________? |
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Definition
| anterior, buccal nerve (sensory to cheeks and gums) |
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Term
| The _________ division of V3 is completely sensory except for the ________? |
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Definition
| posterior, nerve to mylohyoid |
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