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Head and neck
Head and neck
49
Anatomy
Graduate
09/30/2016

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Cards

Term
Describe the infra temporal fossa (2)
Definition
-Between posterior ramus of mandible and posterior to maxilla (pterygoid process)
-Mandibular nerve
Term
Describe the pterygopalatine fossa (3)
Definition
-Posterior to upper jaw
-Communicate with cranial cavity, infra temporal fossa, orbit, nasal cavity, and oral cavity
-Maxillary nerve
Term
What cavity does the pterygopalatine fossa NOT communicate with?
Definition
Middle and inner ears
Term
What nerves run off from the trigeminal nerve ?
Definition
Mandibular (CN V3) (from the infra temporal fossa) and maxillary (CN V2) (from the pyterygopalatine fossa) nerves
Term
Describe the nose (2)
Definition
-begins above hard palate
-Contains external nose and nasal cavities
Term
What does the nasal septum do?
Definition
It divides the nose chamber into two cavities- each contains a roof, floor, medial and lateral wall
Term
ROOF of the NASAL cavity and FLOOR of the ANTERIOR CRANIAL fossa
Definition
Cribriform plate of ethmoid bone
Term
What will a fracture of the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone result in?
Definition
CSF rhinorrhea and meningitis
Term
FLOOR of the nasal cavity
Definition
Hard palate made by palatine processes of maxillae and horizontal plates of palatine bones
Term
MEDIAL wall of nasal cavity (3)
Definition
Nasal septum made by 3 things. Think of it as like a triangle:
1) posterior superiorly by perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone
2) posterior inferiorly by vomer
3) anteriorly by septal cartilage
Term
LATERAL wall of nasal cavity
Definition
1) superior, middle, and inferior conchae
2) meatus inferior to each conchae; therefore, there are also superior, middle, and inferior meatuses
Term
Describe the middle meatus (page 582) (2)
Definition
-Semilunar hiatus that hits a rounded elevation called the ethmoidal bulla
Term
What sinuses drain into the semilunar hiatus?
Definition
1) Frontal sinus
2) Maxillary sinus
3) ANTERIOR ethmoidal sinus
Term
Osmium of maxillary sinus
Definition
Since it's located above the sinus, when maxillary sinusitis develops, the sinus is unable to drain; therefore, an artificial osmium may be creased in the INFERIOR MEATUS to allow better drainage.
Term
Where does the nasolacrimal duct drain into?
Definition
excess lacrimal fluids drain into the inferior meatus
Term
Nerve supply of the nasal cavity (3)
Definition
1) Anterior ethmoidal (V1) from trigeminal nerve
2) Maxillary nerve (V2) from trigeminal nerve
3) Superior concha region by olfactory nerves
Term
Blood supply of the nasal cavity (3) page 584
Definition
1) Anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries that come from the ophthalmic artery
2) Sphenopalatine and greater palatine arteries that come off the maxillary artery that comes off the external carotid artery
3) Facial artery
Term
Kiesselbach's area
Definition
-Arterial anastomosis of the anterior/posterior branches
-Common for epistaxis
Term
Describe the orbit
Definition
4 sided pyramid with:
-Posterior apex/anterior base
-Medial/lateral walls
-superior/inferior walls
Term
Superior wall of orbit
Definition
Orbital surface of frontal bone
Lesser wing of sphenoid bone
Frontal lobe of brain in anterior cranial fossa
Term
Anterolateral wall of orbit
Definition
Lacrimal fossa for orbital lacrimal gland
Term
Medial wall of orbit MELS
Definition
Maxilla, lacrimal, ethmoid sphenoid bones - related to ethmoidal sinuses, sphenoidal sinuses, and nasal cavity
Term
Lateral wall of orbit OPPOSITE to superior wall
Definition
Zygomatic bone anteriorly
Greater wing of sphenoid bone posteriorly
Term
Inferior wall of orbit (floor)/(roof) of maxillary sinus
Definition
Orbital surface of maxilla+ small contributions from zygomatic and palatine bones
Term
Apex of orbit
Definition
Optic foramen
Term
4 sides of the optic foramen
Definition
superiorly: frontal bone
Medially- frontal processes of maxilla
inferiorly- zygomatic process of maxilla and zygomatic bone
laterally- zygomatic bone, frontal processes of zygomatic bone, zygomatic presses of frontal bone
Term
Levator palpabele superioris
Definition
Origin: lesser sing of sphenoid bone (roof or orbit). superior and anterior optic canal
Insertion: superior tarsus and skin of upper eyelid
CN III
Elevates superior eyelid
Term
Superior oblique
Definition
O: body of sphenoid
I: sclera (passes through trochlea and deep to SR)
CN IV
Abducts, depresses and medially rotates eyeball
Term
What is intorsion?
Definition
Depression and medial rotation of the eyeball
Term
Inferior oblique
Definition
O: Anterior part of floor of orbit
I: sclera deep to lateral rectus
CN IV
Abducts, elevates, and lateral rotates eyeball
Term
What is extortion?
Definition
Elevation and lateral rotation of the eyeball
Term
Four recti muscles
Definition
O: common tendinous ring
I: sclera just posterior to corneoscleral junction
LR- Abduent nerve CN VI
SR, MR, IR: Oculomotor CN III
Actions: SR- intorsion, IR- extorsion, LR- abducts, MR- Adducts
Term
Optic canals
Definition
CN II, opthamic arteries
Term
Foramen rotundum
Definition
Maxillary nerve
Term
Foramen Ovale
Definition
Mandibular nerve
Term
Foramen lacerum
Definition
internal carotid artery
Term
Foramen Spinosum
Definition
Middle meningeal artery
Term
Foramen magnum
Definition
Medulla, meninges, vertebral arteries, CN XI
Term
Jugular Foramen
Definition
CN 9, 10, 11, internal jugular vein, sigmoid sinus
Term
Hypoglossal canal
Definition
CN XII
Term
Which nerve does not originate from the brain?
Definition
Accessory nerve
Term
SCALP
Definition
Skin
Connective tissue
Aponeurosis
Loose connective tissue
Pericranium
Term
Vasculature of scalp
Definition
Occipital, posterior auricular, and superficial temporal arteries from ECA
Supratrochlear and supraorbital arteries from ICA.
Term
Innervation of the scalp
Definition
Anterior to auricles- Tigeminal nerve
Posterior to auricles- Spinal cutaneous enrve C2 & C3
MOTOR- Facial nerve
Term
Structures passing through the cavernous sinus are:
Definition
Internal carotid artery
Abducent nerve
Term
Structures in the lateral wall of each cavernous sinus are (superior to inferior):
Definition
Oculomotor nerve
Trochlear nerve
Ophthalmic nerve V1
Maxillary nerve V2
Term
Innervation of the durameter?
Definition
CN V
Pain=Headache
Sensory- Vagus, hypoglossal, and superior 3 cervical nerves
Term
Vasculature of duramater
Definition
Middle meningeal artery
Term
What is formed in the choroid plexuses and where does it go?
Definition
CSF- Cerebrospinal fluid and it enters subarachnoid space
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