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-chancellor of King Henry
-right hand man
-had religious education when younger
-became archbishop of canterbury
-refused to pass the constitution of Clarendon and would'nt let priests be tried in royal court
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-richest landholder (1/3 of france)
-owner of aquitaine
- marries the king of france
-have children; only girls but wanted a son
-got divorced?
-marries Henry II and has 4 sons, Henry became most powerful man |
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-influenced by religious movements in eastern europe
-chastity, vegetarianism, poverty
-cathar movement destroyed by pope innocent III during 13th century
-albigensian crusade to go against cathars |
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-during middle ages european societies were too unstable to provide institutions of advanced learning
-some rudimentary/basic education at monasteries, occasional scholars at courts
-high middle-aged increased wealth makes education possible
-schools based in cathedrals
-curriculum of latin writings
-"liberal arts" discovered |
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-records every person,living thing, farm animal,horse, field, forest, etc. in England
-used to tax everything possible accordingly |
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-high point of Abbasid dynasty
-Baghdad center of commerce
-great cultural activity |
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-"Roman peace"
-27 BCE - 250CE
- facilitated trade, communication
- road work
curbs, drainage,milestones
postal service |
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| the prettiest girl at alive! :D |
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-106-46 BCE
- major orator, writer
- influenced by Greek thought
-proponent of stoicism |
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-(247-183 BCE)
- builds army with war elephants/soldiers through Spain
- succeeded to Rome and make their attack
-battle of Cannae (216 bce)
- though Hannibal was winning,had few men and had to turn back |
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-"first citizen"
-reorganizes army and eliminates threat of civil war
-controlled the senate
-takes position of consul for life |
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-from zoroastrian belief
-god of sun,light
-roman version emphasizes strength, courage, discipline
-women not admitted into cult
- appealed to military
-cult of isis also popular |
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-extends teachings far beyond jewish circles
-intensive travel, missionary activity
-executed in rome |
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-allied with Shia, non arab muslims
- seizes control of persia and mesopotamia
- defeats ummayyad army in 750
-invited ummayyads to banquet, then massacred them
- becomes first caliph of abbasid dynasty |
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-influenced by christianity and buddhism
-dualist
good vs evil
light vs dark
spirit vs matter |
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-emperor leo III (717-741 CE)
-deconstruction of icons after 726
-popular protest, rioting
-policy abandoned 843 |
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-"scorning the world"
-muslims believed the real life didn't matter, the afterlife was more important |
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-power centralized in figure of Emporer
-christian leader cannot clain divinity, rather divine authority
-political rule
-involved in religious rule as well
-authority absolute
-creates dissent in church |
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- 1225-1274
-major proponent of scholasticism
- synthesis of christianity and aristotle
-university of paris
-people thought he was almost as great as aristotle who was his major influence |
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| -provinces under control of generals |
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-cubiod shaped building in mecca, saudi arabia
-most sacred site in islam
-all muslims around the world face the ka'aba during prayers no matter where they are |
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-court officials appointed by Charlemagne
-messengers of the lord king
- The Missi Dominici were charged with supervising the regional counts and verifying that they were governing in accordance with the wishes of the king |
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-"father of the family"
- the right to arrange marriages, and sell children into slavery
-women not allowed to inherit property |
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| -a price paid by a person who has killed another to the family of the person killed, to atone for the killing and avoid reprisals |
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-"party of ali"
- one of the two main groups of Islam
-support ali's claim to succeed Muhammad
-they denied the legitimacy of the first three caliphs |
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