Term
| What can Harmful Algae be? |
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Definition
non toxic blooms: dead zones (hypoxia), alter water quality (can taste it)
or can be specifically toxic. |
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Term
| Where are Harmful Algae phylogenetically? |
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Definition
| They are Scattered across the 'tree of life' |
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Term
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Definition
can be induced by the environment
can be present in certain strains of a species |
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Term
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Definition
| dissolved oxygen (DO) becomes reduced in concentration to a point detrimental to aquatic organisms living in the system.A system is determined to be hypoxic if DO is between 1-30% saturation |
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Term
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Definition
| ****should have Jelena clarify this |
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Term
| Biomagnification of toxins |
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Definition
| increased concentration of the toxin in the higher organisms of the food chain when the toxic is stored long term and not degraded. ex red tide |
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Term
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Definition
| Ptychodiscus or Karenia which have Brevitoxins |
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Term
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Definition
happen: algal bloom occurs-shading out deeper production-decrease in DO=death of animals and plants=increase decomposition of organic matter=increase in anoxic environment.
varies with weather
Global climate change may increase density b/c increase in atmo. CO2. |
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Term
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Definition
Structurally different
also a hepatotoxin
plus lesions on internal organs
a cyanobacteria |
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Term
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Definition
| Contains Microcysin LR toxin |
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Term
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Definition
Creates toxin: nodularian R: shellish poisoning
a cyano bacteria
usually in Baltic sea |
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Term
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Definition
Anatoxins
Neurotoxic alkaloids.
ONLY naturally occurring organophosphate known.
Similar in action to organophosphate pesticides |
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Term
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Definition
Benthic dinoflagellate
does not create a red tide
contains ciguatoxin |
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Term
| Pfiesteria=the cell from hell! |
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Definition
heterotrophic, but can incorporate kleptochloroplasts (thus becomes a mixotroph). on east coast and increased with the production of large scale animal production.
Symptoms:
memory loss
confusion
acute skin burning (on direct contact with water)also.. (headaches, skin rash, eye irritation, upper respiratory irritation, muscle cramps, and gastrointestinal complaints (i.e., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
CAN FEED ON FISH!!! |
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Term
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Definition
creates the golden tide
haptophyte
possibly exotic
inland water with high dissolved nutrients
toxin (prevents O2 intake) benefit alga by aiding: osomoregulation or killing mirco-org. or digestion. |
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Term
| Nitzschia and Pseudonitzxcia |
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Definition
Bacillariophyta
Domoic acid = amnesiac shellfish poisoning
increase from eutrophcication |
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Term
| Function is not necessarily defense |
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Definition
Incidental metabolites?
Digestion by heterotrophs
Killing of prey by heterotrophs |
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Term
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Definition
| Ciguatoxin is the toxin responsible for the poisoning syndrome known as ciguatera, which is characterised by numbness and tingling around the mouth, hands, and feet; joint and muscle pains with weakness or cramps; vomiting, diarrhoea, chills, itching, headache, sweating, and dizziness; and reversal of temperature sensation, where cold things feel hot and hot things feel cold. |
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Term
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Definition
may only be toxic in blooms
must have negative health results directly linked to toxin
contains no green alga |
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Term
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Definition
affects the liver
associated with cyanobacteria |
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