What does the term Hard Water mean?

Water that is difficult

to form lather with,

 when soap is added.

What is meant by the term Soft Water?

Water that readily forms a

 lather when soap is added.

Name the two types of Hard Water

Temporary and Permanent

Name two ions that

can cause hard water.

1. Calcium ions ( Ca 2+)

2. Magnesium ions ( Mg 2+ ) 

How can temporary hard water be softened?

Boiling

Name 2 benefits that drinking

hard water gives us.

1. Healthy teeth and bones.

2. Said to reduce the risk of heart attack.

3. Nicer taste.

Name 3 ways permanent

hard water can be softened.

1. Adding washing soda

2. Distillation

3. Ion Exchange

Name a hard water area

in Northern Ireland

Enniskillan

Fermanagh

Marble Arch Caves

Name a physical characteristic

 of a hard water area.

Caves

Name the structures that drop

from the ceiling in a cave.

Stalactites

Name the structures that rise

 to the roof in a cave.

Stalagmites