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Definition
the set of institutions and individuals ruling at the time
Ex: bush administration, obama administration different government |
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Term
| What is the hierarchy of truth? 1st |
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Definition
| mathematical/ logical proof |
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| What is the hierarchy of truth? 2nd |
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Definition
Scientific Law
-strong evidentiary base
-contains an explanation for how the law works
-no real challenge
-tremendous explaniatory power |
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Term
| What is the hierarchy of truth? 3rd |
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Definition
theory with broad acceptance
-strong empiracal suport
-high level of expanatory power
-there exists rival expanations
-the evidence supporting alternatives is at best modest
Ex: theory of evolution |
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Term
| What is the hierarchy of truth? 4th |
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Definition
theory with modest acceptance
-significant empiracal support
-significant expanatory power
-exists viable alternative expanations
Ex: hegemonic stability theory v. Balance of Power theory |
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Term
| What is the hierarchy of truth? 5th |
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Definition
Theories with ilmited acceptance
-very little empiracal suport
-modest explanatory power |
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| What is the hierarchy of truth? 6th |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1. systematic description and classification of objects and processes and events
2. explanations of processes through theory
3. descripitve and explanatory statements can be challenged
4. comparison of alternative expanations using evidence
5. willingness to admit to inaccuracies or biases
6. constant develpment of better methods and tools ot eliminate biases and inaccuracies
7. use of a generalized set of steps to do steps 4,5,6
8. emphasis on self correction
9.acknowledge limts on what scientific method can do |
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Term
| for what defines science, some set of steps that are used to do steps 4,5,6 are What are these sets called overall? |
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Definition
1. induction
2. theory building
3. deduciton
4. hypothesis enreation
5. testing
6. evaluation
7. repeat
-Called the Wheel of Science |
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Term
| Religion, creationalism, vs. evolution 2 points |
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Definition
| 1. most of the time emphasize different things [religion] 2. when science and religion conflict, religion puts emphasis on determining the truth by keeping it simple, using interpretations/simplifications, only relying on faith [challenges to faith are problematic] |
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Term
| Definition of Pseudoscience |
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Definition
| incomplete adoption of scientific method to create legitamacy, and to usually further some private motivation |
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Term
| 5 fundamental tenats of Post Modernism |
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Definition
1. ideas advance based on effectiveness of political on moral appeals not evidence
2. each group or individual has own perspective
3. need to get away from an androcentric [male] bias
4. what is reasearched should reflect a good political agenda [like promoting econ eqality]
5. ther is no objective reality [reality is what we all agree it to be] |
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Term
| 5 steps to model building created by who? |
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Definition
Lave and March
1. observe some phenomenon and note some characteristics [facts]
2. consider the facts as being teh reality of some process
-define the process
-organize the thoughts of process [mental model]
3. deduce other results that could be explained by the model [best for simple models]
-generally derive results using model with different conditions
4. determine whether model applies correctly to differnt conditions or situationa and if not go back to step 2.
5. try to genralize model to increase applicability |
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Term
| 3 Rules of Thumb when bilding models |
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Definition
1. think process
-sequence of logical steps
2. develop intersting implications
-try to make process tell us something new
3. look for generality |
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Term
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Definition
1. has independent and dependent variables
2. pretesting and post-testing
3. experimental and control groups |
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Term
| 1-3 Examples of Quasi Experiments |
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Definition
1. one shot case study [one event and one observation after event]
2. one shot case study and one sample of non affected people from event to compare with
3. observation, event, observation to see differences |
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Term
| 4-6 Examples of Quasi Experiments |
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Definition
4. nonequivalent control group [ O,X,O and O,-,O] to see differences in affected and non effected groups [control groups]]
5. Randomized groups [RXO, R-O [Random gorups give a form of representation fo the population]]
6. Time series [OOOOOXOOOOO] |
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Term
| 8-9 examples of Quasi experiments |
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Definition
8. Soloman 4 group design [OXO,O-O,-XO,--O] [to see if the person is affected by being tested or not]
9. Seperate Sample Pre-Test Post-test and Randomization [RO--,R-XO,RO--,R--O] |
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