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Hamilton Ch. 1
The Gods
171
Classics
Not Applicable
03/26/2010

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Cards

Term
Who created the gods?
Definition
The universe
Term
Who were the first precursors to the Titans?
Definition
Heaven and earth
Term
What were the Titans often called?
Definition
The Elder gods
Term
Who was the most important Titan?
Definition
Cronus (Saturn)
Term
Where did the Roman believe Saturn went after Jupiter dethroned him?
Definition
Italy
Term
How does Hamilton describe the Golden Age?
Definition
A time of perfect peace and happiness
Term
What are the other notable Titans?
Definition
Ocean, Tethys, Prometheus, Epimetheus, Rhea, Hyperion, Mnemosyne, Themis, Iapetus, and Atlas
Term
What was Ocean?
Definition
The river that surrounded the Earth
Term
What was Mnemosyne?
Definition
Memory
Term
What was Tethys?
Definition
The wife of Ocean
Term
What was Hyperion?
Definition
The father of the moon, the dawn, and the sun.
Term
What was Themis?
Definition
Justice
Term
Why were the Olympians called the Olympians?
Definition
Because they lived on Mt. Olympus
Term
Who was the god of memory?
Definition
Mnemosyne
Term
Where is the real life Mt. Olympus?
Definition
Thessaly
Term
How does the Iliad describe Mt. Olympus?
Definition
High above the mountains of man
Term
Who guards the gates of Olympus?
Definition
The Seasons
Term
What did the gods eat?
Definition
Ambrosia and nectar
Term
What was conspicuously not on Mt. Olympus?
Definition
Snow, rain, and wind
Term
What realm did Zeus rule?
Definition
The heavens
Term
What was Zeus' weapon?
Definition
The thunderbolt
Term
How great was the strength of Zeus?
Definition
Greater than that of all the other divinities put together
Term
Who writes that Zeus could pull down all the Olympians if he wished?
Definition
Homer in the Iliad
Term
Who dupes Zeus in the Iliad?
Definition
Poseidon and Hera
Term
Who is more powerful than Zeus?
Definition
Fate
Term
Why is Zeus represented as falling in love with woman after woman?
Definition
Because when his worship spread to a new township that supreme ruler of their religion became Zeus and any wife that that divinity had was transferred to Zeus
Term
What did Zeus demand of mankind?
Definition
Sacrifices and right action
Term
What was the aegis?
Definition
A sacred powerful breast plate (BONUS: sometimes said to be made of goatskin)
Term
What was Zeus' animal?
Definition
The eagle
Term
Whose animal was the eagle?
Definition
Zeus
Term
What was Zeus' tree?
Definition
The oak
Term
Whose tree was the oak?
Definition
Zeus
Term
How did Zeus' oracle decipher his will?
Definition
By reading the rustling of the oak leavees
Term
Where was Zeus' oracle?
Definition
Dodona
Term
Whose oracle was at Dodona?
Definition
Zeus
Term
Where was Dodona?
Definition
The land of the oak tree
Term
Where was the land of the oak trees?
Definition
Dodona
Term
Who was Zeus' wife?
Definition
Hera
Term
What was Hera's relationship to Zeus?
Definition
She was his sister and his wife
Term
Who brought Hera up?
Definition
Tethys and Ocean
Term
Who were Hera's parents?
Definition
Cronus and Rhea
Term
What was under Hera's special care?
Definition
Marriage, and married women
Term
What did Hera mostly occupy her time with?
Definition
Taking revenge upon the women that Zeus had affairs with
Term
Did Hera ever give up her jealous easily?
Definition
No.
Term
Whose side was Hera on during the Trojan war and why?
Definition
The Greeks' side because she was upset with Paris for picking Aphrodite as the fairest
Term
In which story is Hera the beneficiary to men?
Definition
Jason and the Argonauts (The Quest for the Golden Fleece)
Term
Who was Hera's daughter?
Definition
The goddess of childbirth, Eileithyia (Ilithyia)
Term
What was Hera' favourite city?
Definition
Argos
Term
Whose favourite city was Argos?
Definition
Hera
Term
What were Hera's sacred animals?
Definition
Cow and peacock
Term
Whose sacred animal was the cow?
Definition
Hera
Term
Whose sacred animals was the peacock?
Definition
Hera
Term
Who was the god most important to the Greeks on the side of the Aegean?
Definition
Poseidon
Term
Who venerated Poseidon most?
Definition
The Greeks on the sides of the Aegean
Term
What were the occupations of the Greeks on the shore of the Aegean?
Definition
Seamen
Term
Who was Poseidon's wife?
Definition
Amphitrite
Term
Who was Amphitrite?
Definition
Wife of Poseidon and granddaughter of the Titan Ocean
Term
Where was Poseidon most likely to be found?
Definition
On Mt. Olympus or in his underwater palace
Term
Who gave mankind the first horse?
Definition
Poseidon
Term
What happened when Poseidon rode his golden car over the waters?
Definition
The thunder of the waves sank into stillness and tranquil peace followed
Term
What was Poseidon always shown carrying?
Definition
A trident
Term
What is a trident?
Definition
Meaning in Latin 3 teeth, it is a spear with three prongs
Term
What was Poseidon's sacred animal?
Definition
The horse and the bull
Term
What was Hades ruler of?
Definition
The Underworld and Wealth
Term
What were the Latin names for Hades?
Definition
Pluto and Dis
Term
What does Dis mean?
Definition
Dis is the Latin word for rich
Term
What was the special ability of Hades' cap?
Definition
It made the wearer invisible
Term
Who was Hades' wife?
Definition
Persephone
Term
Who was queen of the Lower World?
Definition
Persephone
Term
Who was Death? Give Greek and Latin names.
Definition
Thanatos (Greek) and Orcus (Latin)
Term
Who was Athena the daughter of?
Definition
Zeus
Term
How was Athena born?
Definition
Full grown and in full armour she sprang from Zeus' head
Term
What is the impression of Athena that the Iliad has?
Definition
A ruthless and fierce battle-goddess
Term
How do most other sources than the Iliad view Athena?
Definition
Warlike only to defend the State and the home from enemies
Term
What was Athena the goddess of?
Definition
The City; civilized life - handicrafts and agriculture
Term
Who first gave mankind the bridle?
Definition
Athena, who had invented it
Term
What did Zeus entrust to Athena?
Definition
His aegis, his buckler and the thunderbolt
Term
What most often describes Athena?
Definition
Gray-eyed or flashing eyed
Term
What was Athena sometimes called?
Definition
The Maiden, Parthenos
Term
What was Athena's temple called?
Definition
The Parthenon
Term
Who was chief of the virgin goddesses?
Definition
Athena
Term
What was Athena's sacred city?
Definition
Athens
Term
What was Athena's sacred animal?
Definition
The owl
Term
What was Athena's sacred tree?
Definition
The olive
Term
What was Athena's sacred tree?
Definition
The olive
Term
Who created the olive tree?
Definition
Athena
Term
Name all of the Muses.
Definition
Clio, Calliope, Euterpe, Erato, Melpomene, Thalia, Polyhymnia, Terpsichore, and Urania
Term
Name all the Graces.
Definition
Aglaia, Thalia, and Euphrosyne
Term
Name all the Furies.
Definition
Megaera, Tisiphone, and Alecto
Term
What was the special position of Aglaia?
Definition
Splendor
Term
What was the special position of Euphrosyne?
Definition
Mirth
Term
What was the special position of Thalia?
Definition
Good cheer
Term
In Homer and Hesiod, who does Aglaia marry?
Definition
Hephaestus
Term
Who wrote the story of Aglaia's marriage?
Definition
Homer and Hesiod
Term
How many Muses are there?
Definition
Nine
Term
What happens when one hears the song of the servants of the Muses?
Definition
One forgets his dark thoughts and remembers not his troubles
Term
What are the positions of the Muses?
Definition
Astronomy, history, tragedies, comedies, epic poetry, lyric poetry, love poetry, songs to the gods, dance
Term
Who was the Muse of astronomy?
Definition
Urania
Term
Who was the Muse of history?
Definition
Clio
Term
Who was the Muse of epic poetry?
Definition
Calliope
Term
Who was the Muse of love poetry?
Definition
Erato
Term
Who was the Muse of lyric poetry?
Definition
Euterpe
Term
Who was the Muse of dance?
Definition
Terpsichore
Term
Who was the Muse of songs to the gods?
Definition
Polyhymnia
Term
Who was the Muse of comedy?
Definition
Thalia
Term
Who was the Muse of tragedies?
Definition
Melpomene
Term
What were the Muses mountains?
Definition
Helicon, Piera, Parnassas, and Olympus
Term
Where did Hesiod live?
Definition
Helicon
Term
Who were the Muses sometimes the companions of?
Definition
The Graces and Apollo
Term
What two 'august' forms sat next to Zeus?
Definition
Themis and Dike
Term
What does Themis mean?
Definition
Divine (Right) justice
Term
What does Dike mean?
Definition
Human justice
Term
How would one translate Nemesis?
Definition
As Righteous Anger
Term
How would one try to translate Aidos?
Definition
The feeling that a rich man gets in the presence of one lets fortunate than he, not compassion but the feeling that difference between them is not deserved.
Term
When will Aidos and Nemesis leave Earth?
Definition
When mankind is completely wicked
Term
In what way will Nemesis and Aidos leave Earth?
Definition
Veiled in white raiment to the home of the immortals
Term
Who was Poseidon?
Definition
Lord and Ruler of the Sea (Mediterranean) and the Friendly Sea (Black Sea). Also underground rivers
Term
Who was the god of the Euxine sea?
Definition
Poseidon
Term
Who was the god of the Mediterranean sea?
Definition
Poseidon
Term
Who was Ocean?
Definition
The titan who ruled over the river Ocean
Term
What was the river Ocean?
Definition
The great river that encircled the Earth
Term
Who did Ocean marry?
Definition
The titan Tethys
Term
Who were the nymphs of the river Ocean?
Definition
The daughters of Ocean and Tethys, the Oceanids
Term
Who were the gods of all the rivers on Earth?
Definition
The sons of Ocean and Tethys
Term
Who was Pontus?
Definition
A son of Mother Earth, meaning Deep Sea. Father of Nereus.
Term
Who was Nereus?
Definition
Means the "Old man of the Sea". God of the Mediterranean. Father of the Nereids. Father of Thetis and Amphitrite
Term
Who were the Nereids?
Definition
Nymphs of the Mediterranean
Term
Who was the nymph Thetis?
Definition
A nereid. Mother of Achilles
Term
Who was Amphitrite?
Definition
The wife of Poseidon; a nereid
Term
Who was Triton?
Definition
The trumpeter of the Sea
Term
Who was the trumpeter of the Sea?
Definition
Triton
Term
What was Triton's trumpet made of?
Definition
A great seashell
Term
Who was Proteus?
Definition
Poseidon's son. A god of the sea who had the power of foretelling and changing shape
Term
Who were the naiads?
Definition
Water nymphs who dwelt in brooks, springs and fountains
Term
Who were the mortals who became sea gods?
Definition
Leucothea, Palaemon and Gaucus
Term
If one were in the Odyssey, where would you go to go to the Underworld?
Definition
Over the edge of the world across Ocean
Term
If you were reading the works of later poets, where would you find the entrance to the Underworld?
Definition
Through various caves and caverns.
Term
What were the two divisions of the Underworld?
Definition
Tartarus and Erebus
Term
Which was deeper Tartarus or Erebus?
Definition
Tartarus
Term
Where was the prison of the sons of the Earth?
Definition
Tartarus
Term
Where do the dead pass as soon as they die?
Definition
Erebus
Term
According to Homer, what was the Underworld like?
Definition
Shadowy and vague. The ghosts' existence is a miserable dream.
Term
Who presents the Underworld most clearly?
Definition
Vergil
Term
What is the name of the river of woe?
Definition
Acheron
Term
What is the name of the river of lament?
Definition
Cocytus
Term
Who drives the boat across the river Styx?
Definition
Charon
Term
Describe the path to the Underworld.
Definition
The river Acheron, the river Cocytus, Charon, Cerberus, judgement by Minos, Aeacus and Rhadamanthus,
Term
What are the names of all the rivers in the Underworld?
Definition
Acheron, Cocytus, Styx, Phlegethon, and Lethe
Term
Who are the judges of those who enter the Underworld?
Definition
Minos, Rhadamanthus, and Aeacus
Term
Which writer describes Pluto's palace?
Definition
None
Term
If you were to look out of the windows of Pluto's palace what would you see?
Definition
Wide wastes, meadows of asphodel,palid and ghostly flowers
Term
Who are the Furies?
Definition
The punishers of evil doers
Term
Who were the Furies?
Definition
Alecto, Megaea, and Tisiphone
Term
Who was Sleep's brother?
Definition
Death
Term
Where does Sleep dwell?
Definition
The lower world
Term
Where do dreams come from?
Definition
The lower world through one of two gates
Term
Which gate do true dreams go through?
Definition
The gate made of horn
Term
Which gate do false dreams come from?
Definition
The gate made of ivory
Term
Whose son was Pan?
Definition
Hermes
Term
What manner of being was Pan?
Definition
Half goat half man, with goats horns and goat hooves
Term
What was Pan the god of?
Definition
Goatherders and shepherds
Term
What place did Pan love best?
Definition
Arcady
Term
What instrument did Pan play?
Definition
The pipes
Term
Where did the word 'panic' come from?
Definition
Travellers hearing the noises in the nighttime they thought it was Pan
Term
Why did Silenus ride a donkey?
Definition
Because he was usually too drunk to walk.
Term
Who was Baccus' teacher?
Definition
Silenus
Term
Who were the polydeuces?
Definition
Castor and Pollux
Term
Who were the children of Leda?
Definition
Castor, Pollux, Helen, and Clymenestra
Term
What were Castor and Pollux the gods of?
Definition
Seafaring men
Term
Of the children of Leda, which were immortal at birth?
Definition
Helen and Pollux
Term
Of Leda's children which were mortal?
Definition
Helen and Castor
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