Term
| diffuse alopecia following (3-5m) after systemic stress childbirth, surgery, severe medical illness: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| androgenic alopecia: define/etiology |
|
Definition
| male pattern hair loss caused by dihydrotestosterone - can also be seen in women |
|
|
Term
| pathophysiology of androgenic alopecia: |
|
Definition
| DHT causes progressive shortening of anagen cycles and miniturization of follicles |
|
|
Term
| is telogen effluvium acute or chronic? |
|
Definition
| mostly acute after a specific trigger but can become chronic |
|
|
Term
| what is the pattern of loss from telogen effluvium? |
|
Definition
| clumps of hair in the shower or hair brush |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. adress underlying condition
2. stress reduction (how well are they sleeping)
3. rogain (minoxidil) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. surgery
2. rogain/finasteride
3. laser |
|
|
Term
| rapid onset, round or oval area alopecia most common in children and young adults may have associated nail changes: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| etiology of alopecia areata: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tapered hairs resembling exclamation points may be seen at the margin of the area of loss: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| prognosis of alopecia areata: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. anthralin
2. topical minoxidil
3. intralesional glucocorticoid
4. oral/topical steroids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fungal infection of the nails |
|
|
Term
| 2 common pathogens in onychomycosis: |
|
Definition
1. T. rubrum
2. T. metagrophytes |
|
|
Term
| lab testing in onychomycosis: |
|
Definition
1. KOH
2. culture
3. histology (PAS stain) |
|
|
Term
| 4 patterns of onychomycosis: |
|
Definition
1. distal subungual
2. proximal subungual
3. white superficial
4. candida |
|
|
Term
| most common paen of onychomycosis: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| candida onychomycosis is almost exclusively found in: |
|
Definition
| chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. oral antifungals
2. surgical nail avulsion
3. topical - penlac & urea |
|
|
Term
| painful swelling of the proximal nail folds that may follow trauma or manipulation of the cuticles: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| causative organism of acute paronychia: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. incision and drainage
2. systemic antibiotics |
|
|
Term
| describe chronic paronychia: |
|
Definition
| chronic inflammatory dz involving several fingers usually due to exposure to irritants |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. avoidance of irritants
2. keeps hands dry
3. topical steroids |
|
|
Term
| dermagraphism present <6wks triggered by drugs, food, infections, inhalents: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| common cause of acute utricaria in adults: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| common cause of acute utricaria in children: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. oral H1 antagonist or H2 antagonist
2. avoid allergens
3. systemic steroids
4. epinephrine for anaphylaxis |
|
|
Term
| etiology of chronic utricaria: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what conditions may exacerbate sx of chronic utricaria: |
|
Definition
1. drugs
2. illness
3. stress |
|
|
Term
| individual lesions from chronic utricaria last: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| chronic utricaria may be considered an ____ ______ dz rather than an allergic dz. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. antihistamines H1, H2 if needed
2. systemic steroids
3. stop all non-essential meds |
|
|
Term
| hypersensitivity rxn that can be caused by any drug & always occurs at the same cutaneous mucosal site: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| describe lesions from a fixed drug eruption: |
|
Definition
1. lesions range from a few millimeters to 20cm
2. may be multiple lesions
3. begin as papule or plaque that develops 0.5-8hrs after drug admin |
|
|
Term
| favored sites for fixed drug eruptions: |
|
Definition
1. hands
2. feet
3. genitalia |
|
|
Term
| which drugs elicit a fixed drug eruption of the penis: |
|
Definition
| tetracycline & ampicillin |
|
|
Term
| aspirin usually causes lesions on the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| targetoid, sometimes w central vesicles, bulla or purpura located on distal extremities, dorsal hands, and extensor forearms from drugs or bugs: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| erythema multiforme is often associated with: |
|
Definition
| HSV or mycoplasma infection but may also be caused by malignancy, pregnancy or drugs |
|
|
Term
| erythema multiforme is much more serious if it involves: |
|
Definition
| mucous membranes of the mouth and genitals |
|
|
Term
| abrupt onset of fever, myalgia, malaise, HA, arthralgia and occular involvement with bula over lips, mouth and genitals: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. tx sources of infection
2. stop offending drug
3. wound care |
|
|
Term
| which organism has been assoc with SJS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| prodromal sx of N/V/D, angina then morbilliform rash and large tender areas of skin - considered a medical emergency: |
|
Definition
| Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis |
|
|
Term
| the rash of late stage toxic epidermal necrolysis resembles: |
|
Definition
| 2nd degree burn; blistering and wide spread exfoliation |
|
|
Term
| etiology of toxic epidermal necrolysis: |
|
Definition
reaction to:
1. drugs
2. infection
3. radiation therapy
4. vaccinations |
|
|
Term
| which areas of the body are spared in toxic epidermal necrolysis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| toxic epidermal necrolysis tx: |
|
Definition
1. steroids (contraversial)
2. cyclosporin
3. plasma exchange
4. burn center tx |
|
|
